Sugarcane yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and β-mannanase enzyme in broilers’ diets
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n1p359Keywords:
Antinutritional factors, Exogenous enzymes, Intestinal mucosa, Poultry performance.Abstract
Our objective was to evaluate the effect of supplementing β-mannanase enzyme, with and without sugarcane yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), on broiler chickens aged 1-21 days. The study used 720 one-day-old male Cobb chicks in a randomized design, with six treatments and six replications of 20 birds each. The treatments were: basal diet (BD), BD + β-mannanase (100 g/t), 7% sugarcane yeast (SY), SY + β-mannanase (80 g/t), SY + β-mannanase (100 g/t), and SY + β-mannanase (120 g/t). Zootechnical results (animal performance) were evaluated during the pre-starter (1 to 7 day-old) and starter (1 to 21 day-old) phases, as well as small intestine morphometry (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) and diets’ economic viability. Data were subjected to variance analysis using the SAS software, and the means were compared by the Student Newman Keuls (SNK) test. In the pre-starter phase, treatments with YD + β-mannanase (80, 100, and 120 g/t) showed the best feed conversion averages. In the starter phase, chickens consuming the basal diet (BD) and BD + β-mannanase showed better average weights, weight gains, and feed conversion rates. For intestinal morphometry, shallower ileal crypts were observed in the treatment with YD + β-mannanase (120 g/t) compared to the basal diet, and wider ileal villi were observed in the treatment with YD + β-mannanase (100 g/t) compared to the diet with YD + β-mannanase (80 g/t). The thickness of the muscular wall in the duodenum was lower in chickens consuming BD compared to BD + β-mannanase (100 g/t), higher in YD and supplementation with 100 g/t compared to 80 and 120 g/t in the jejunum, and higher in diets with β-mannanase supplementation compared to BD and YD in the ileum. For economic viability, adding 7% sugar cane yeast, with or without enzyme, increased the average feed cost and cost index, and reduced the economic efficiency index. Based on the zootechnical results, YD + β-mannanase (120g/t ) is recommended for the pre-starter and starter phases. However, using sugar cane yeast with or without β-mannanase enzyme supplementation is not economically viable in the 1- to 21-day period.
Downloads
References
Alagawany, M., & Attia, A. (2015). Effects of feeding sugar beet pulp and Avizyme supplementation on performance, egg quality, nutrient digestion and nitrogen balance of laying Japanese quail. Avian Biology Research, 8(2), 79-88. doi: 10.3184/175815515X14274754281188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3184/175815515X14274754281188
Alagawany, M., Attia, A. I., Ibrahim, Z. A., Mahmoud, R. A., & El-Sayed, S. A. (2017). The effectiveness of dietary sunflower meal and exogenous enzyme on growth, digestive enzymes, carcass traits, and blood chemistry of broilers. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(13), 12319-12327. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-8934-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-8934-4
Apperson, K. D., & Cherian, G. (2017). Effect of whole flax seed and carbohydrase enzymes on gastrointestinal morphology, muscle fatty acids, and production performance in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 96(5), 1228-1234. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew371 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew371
Aquino, A. A., Alves, M. P., Santos, J. P. F., Feliciano, R. A. R., Piccoli, R. H., & Saad, F. M. O. B. (2012). Efeitos do extrato de parede de levedura em dieta seca sobre a microbiologia, ácidos graxos de cadeia curta e redução do odor das fezes de gatos adultos. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 13(4), 479-486. doi: 10.5216/cab.v13i4.15354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5216/cab.v13i4.15354
Ayoola, A. A, Malheiros, R. D., Grimes, J. L., & Ferket, P. R. (2015). Effect of dietary exogenous enzyme supplementation on enteric mucosal morphological development and adherent mucin thickness in Turkey. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2(45), 1-8. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2015.00045 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2015.00045
Barbosa, H. P., Fialho, E. T., Ferreira, A. S., Lima, G. J. M. M., & Gomes, M. F. M. (1992). Triguilho para suínos nas fases inicial de crescimento, crescimento e terminação. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 21(5), 827-837.
Barros, V. R. S. M., Lana, G. R. Q., Lana, S. R. V., Lana, A. M. Q., Cunha, F. S. A., & Emerenciano, J. V., Neto. (2015). β-mannanase and mannan oligosaccharides in broiler chicken feed. Ciências Rural, 45(1), 111-117. doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20131544 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20131544
Barroso, D. C., Vieira, A. A., Lima, C. A. R., Trindade, B. S., Gomes, A. V. C., Souza, M. M. S., & Corrêa, G. S. S. (2013). Adição da parede celular de levedura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) na dieta para frangos de corte. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 65(4), 1139-1148. doi: 10.1590/S0102-09352013000400029 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-09352013000400029
Bellaver, C., Fialho, E. T., Protas, J. F. S., & Gomes, P. C. (1985). Radícula de malte na alimentação de suínos em crescimento e terminação. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 20(8), 969-974.
Cassuce, D. C., Tinôco, I. D. F., Baêta, F. C., Zolnier, S., Cecon, P. R., & Vieira, M. D. F. (2013). Thermal comfort temperature update for broiler chickens up to 21 days of age. Engenharia Agrícola, 33(1), 28-36. doi: 10.1590/S0100-69162013000100004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-69162013000100004
Cho, J. H., & Kim, I. H. (2013). Effects of beta-mannanase supplementation in combination with low and high energy dense diets for growing and finishing broilers. Livestock Science, 154 (1-3), 137-143. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.03.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2013.03.004
Cunha, H. P. F., Sousa, D. C., Santos, E. T., Anderson, G., Dourado, L. R. B., & Ferreira, G. J. B. C. (2016). Histomorphometry small intestine of broiler (Cobb 500®) supplemented with 7% glycerin gross. Acta Veterinaria Brasilica, 10(3), 238-245. doi: 10.21708/avb.2016.10.3.5661 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21708/avb.2016.10.3.5661
Dourado, L. R. B., Barbosa, N. A. A., & Sakomura, N. K. (2014). Enzimas na nutrição de monogástricos. In N. K. Sakomura, J. H. V. Silva, F. G. P. Costa, J. B. K. Fernandes, & L. Hauschild (Eds.), Nutrição de não ruminantes (cap. 2, pp. 466-484). Jaboticabal.
Ferreira, H. C., Jr., Hannas, M. I., Albino, L. F. T., Rostagno, H. S., Neme, R., Faria, B. D., Xavier, M. L., Jr., & Rennó, L. N. (2016). Effect of the addition of β-mannanase on the performance, metabolizable energy, amino acid digestibility coefficients, and immune functions of broilers fed different nutritional levels. Poultry Science, 95(8), 1845-1857. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew076 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew076
Fortes, B. D. A., Café, M. B., Stringhini, J. H., Brito, J. A. G., Rezende, P. L. P., & Silva, R. D. (2012). Avaliação de programas nutricionais com a utilização de carboidrases e fitase em rações de frangos de corte. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 13(1), 24-32. doi: 10.5216/cab.v13i1.8705 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5216/cab.v13i1.8705
Freitas, E. R., Lima, R. C., Silva, R. B., Sucupira, F. S., & Bezerra, R. M. (2013). Substituição do farelo de soja por levedura de cana-de-açúcar em rações para frangos de corte. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 44(1), 174-183. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1806-66902013000100022
Harvatovic, M. P., Glamocic, D., Zikic, D., & Hadnadjev, T. D. (2015). Performance and some intestinal functions of broilers fed diets with different inclusion levels of sunflower meal and supplemented or not with enzymes. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 17(1), 25-30. doi: 10.1590/1516-635x170125-30 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-635x170125-30
Latham, R. E., Williams, M. P., Walters, H. G., Carter, B., & Lee, J. T. (2018). Efficacy of β-mannanase on broiler growth performance and energy utilization in the presence of increasing dietary galactomannan. Poultry Science, 97(2), 549-556. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex309 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex309
Lopes, C. C., Rabello, C. B. V., Silva, J. C. R. S., Arruda, E. M. F. A., Ludke, M. C. M. M., & Dutra, W. M., Jr. (2017). Sugarcane yeast inclusion for broilers at post-hatch. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 46(12), 924-928. doi: 10.1590 / s1806-92902017001200008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1806-92902017001200008
Menegali, I., Tinoco, I. F. F., Carvalho, C. C. S., Souza, C. F., & Martins, J. H. (2013). Comportamento de variáveis climáticas em sistemas de ventilação mínima para produção de pintos de corte. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 17(1), 106-113. doi: 10.1590/S1415-43662013000100015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662013000100015
Nasciutti, L. E., Narciso, M. S., Lima, A. V. P., Brito, G. A. C., & Oriá, R. B. (2016). Histologia do tubo digestório. In R. B. Oriá, & G. A. C. Brito (Orgs.), Sistema digestório: integração básico-clínica (Cap. 12, pp. 273-324). São Paulo: Blucher. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5151/9788580391893-12
Padihari, V. P., Tiwari, S. P., Sahu, T., Gendley, M. K., & Naik, S. K. (2014). Effects of Mannan Oligosaccharide and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on Gut Morphology of Broiler Chickens. Journal of World's Poultry Research, 4(3), 56-59.
Ravidran, V. (2013). Feed enzymes: the science, practice, and metabolic realities. Journal Applied Poultry Research, 22(3), 628-636. doi: 10.3382/japr.2013-00739 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/japr.2013-00739
Raza, A., Bashir, S., & Tabassum, R. (2019). An update on carbohydrases: growth performance and intestinal health of poultry. Heliyon Immunology, 5(4), 1-17. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01437 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01437
Rodríguez-Peña, J. M., Díezmuñiz, S., Bermejo, C., Nombela, C., & Arroyo, J. (2013). Activation of the yeast cell wall integrity MAPK pathway by zymolyase depends on protease and glucanase activities and requires the mucin-like protein Hkr1 but not Msb2. Febs Letters, 587(22), 3675-3680. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.09.030 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2013.09.030
Romero, L. F., Parsonsb, C. M., Utterbackb, P. L., Plumsteada, P. W., & Ravindran, V. (2013). Comparative effects of dietary carbohydrases without or with protease on the ileal digestibility of energy and amino acids and AMEn in young broilers. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 181(1-4), 35-44. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.02.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.02.001
Rostagno, H. S., Albino, L. F. T., Donzele, J. L., Gomes, P. C., Oliveira, R. F., Lopes, D. C., Ferreira, A. S., Barreto, S. L. T., & Euclides, R. F. (2011). Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais (3a ed.). UFV.
Rostagno, H. S., Albino, L. F. T., Hannas, M. I., Donzele, J. L., Sakomura, N. K., Perazzo, F. G., Saraiva, A., Teixeira, M. L., Rodrigues, P. B., Oliveira, R. F., Barreto, S. L. T., & Brito, C. O. (2017). Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais (4a ed.). UFV.
Sakomura, N. K., & Rostagno, H. S. (2016). Métodos de pesquisa em nutrição de monogástricos (2a ed.). FUNEP.
Sousa, D. C., Oliveira, N. L. A., Santos, E. T., Guzzi, A., Dourado, L. R. B., & Ferreira, G. J. B. C. (2015). Caracterização morfológica do trato gastrointestinal de frangos de corte da linhagem Cobb 500®. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 35(Supl.1), 61-68. doi: 10.1590/S0100-736X2015001300011 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2015001300011
Sousa, R. F., Dourado, L. R. B. D., Santos, E. T., Biagiotti, D., Farias, L. A., Albuquerque, F. C. F., Carvalho, M. L. A. M., Ferreira, G. J. B. C., & Lopes, J. B. (2018). Enzyme complex and Saccharomyces cerevisiae in diets for broilers in the initial phase. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 19(2), 193-206. doi: 10.1590/s1519-99402018000200005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402018000200005
Statistical Analysis Systems (2002). SAS version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Semina: Ciências Agrárias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias adopts the CC-BY-NC license for its publications, the copyright being held by the author, in cases of republication we recommend that authors indicate first publication in this journal.
This license allows you to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform and develop the material, as long as it is not for commercial purposes. And due credit must be given to the creator.
The opinions expressed by the authors of the articles are their sole responsibility.
The magazine reserves the right to make normative, orthographic and grammatical changes to the originals in order to maintain the cultured standard of the language and the credibility of the vehicle. However, it will respect the writing style of the authors. Changes, corrections or suggestions of a conceptual nature will be sent to the authors when necessary.
