Termination of lambs fed concentrate or pasture: performance and technical feasibility
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n2p633Keywords:
High grain, Natural pasture, Ryegrass, Zootechnical performance, Lambs farming.Abstract
A total of 28 uncastrated lambs, with 20kg of body mass (BM) were distributed into two different finishing systems where animals were fed either concentrate (CFS) or pasture (PFS) until 35 kg BM. The CFS diet consisted of 77.4% of corn grain; 20.2% soybean meal; 1.4% limestone and 1.0% sodium bicarbonate. The PFS diet consisted of both native pasture and ryegrass. The evaluated parameters were: dry matter intake (DMI), organic matter intake (OMI), crude protein intake (CPI), neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI), feed conversion (FC), mean daily gain, days to reach 35kg BM, ruminal pH, in vivo biometric measurements, carcass composition, percentage of commercial cuts, pallet composition, and proportion of body components. The CFS animals had higher DMI, OMI, CPI and lower NDFI when compared to PFS. Also, animals feed CFS presented higher mean daily gain and better FC. Animals from CFS took 77 days to reach 35kg BM whereas animals from PFS took 278 days. The ruminal pH was higher, and more adequate, in the PFS group when compared to the CFS group. The CFS lambs presented better quantitative characteristics and conformation, and higher fat deposition. PFS lambs, on the other hand, provided leaner and more muscular carcasses. Thus, the termination of lambs without use of bulky feed is technically feasible and provides better zootechnical performance and carcass characteristics. However, the ruminal pH drop may compromise the system and must be observed.Downloads
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References
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Silva, A. G. Sobº. (2001). Criação de ovinos. Jaboticabal: FUNEP.
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Sormunen-Cristian, R. (2013). Effect of barley and oats on feed intake, live weight gain and some carcasss characteristics of fattening lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 109(1), 22-27. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.07.009
Budimir, K., Trombetta, M. F., Toderi, M. F. M., & D’ottavio, P. (2018). Slaughter performance and carcass and meat quality of Bergamasca light lambs according to slaughter age. Small Ruminant Research, 164(1), 1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.04.006
Brasil (2014a). Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (AVISA). Guia de boas práticas nutricionais restaurantes coletivos. Brasília: Anvisa.
Brasil (2014b). Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Atenção à Saúde. Departamento de atenção básica. Guia alimentar para a população brasileira. Brasília: Ministério da saúde.
Camilo, D. A., Pereira, E. S., Pimentel, P. G., Costa, M. R. G. S., Mizubuti, I. Y., Ribeiro, E. L. A.,... Moreno, G. M. B. (2012). Weight and yield of non-carcass components of Morada Nova lambs fed with different levels of metabolizable energy. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 33(6), 2429-2440. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2012v33n6p2429
Cañeque, V., & Sañudo, C. (2005). Estandarizacion de las metodologias para evaluar la calidad del produto (animal vivo, canal, carne y grasa) em los rumiantes. Madrid: INIA.
Cirne, L. G. A., Oliveira, G. J. C., Jaeger, S. M. P. L., Bagaldo, A. R., Leite, M. C. P., Oliveira, P. A., & Macedo, C. M. Jr. (2013). Performance of feedlot lambs feed with exclusive concentrate diet with different percentages of protein. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 65(1), 262-266. doi: 10.1590/S0102-09352013000100037
Forbes, J. M. (1995). Voluntary Food Intake and Diet Selection in Farm Animals New York: CAB International.
Galvani, D. B., Pires, A. V., Susin, I., Gouvêa, V. N., Berndt, A., Abdalla, A. L., & Tedeschi, L. O. (2018). Net protein requirements and metabolizable protein use for growing ram lambs fed diets differing in concentrate level and roughage source. Small Ruminants Research, 165(1), 79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.05.012
Haydock, K. P., & Shaw, N. H. (1975). The comparative yield method for estimating dry matter yield of pasture. Australian Journal of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 15(1), 66-70. doi: 10.1071/EA9750663
Heringer, I., & Carvalho, P. C. F. (2002). Ajuste da carga animal em experimentos de pastejo: uma nova proposta. Ciência Rural, 32(4), 675-679. doi: 10.1590/S0103-84782002000400021
Kozloski, G. V., Trevisan, L. M., Bonnecarrère, L. M., Härter, C. J., Fiorentini, G., Galvani D. B., & Pires, C. C. (2006). Levels of neutral detergent fiber in lambs diets: intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation. Arquivo Brasileiro Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 58(5), 893-900. doi: 10.1590/S0102-09352006000500027
Moreno, G. M. B., Silva, A. G., Sobº, Leão, A. G., Perez, H. L., Loureiro, C. M. B., & Pereira, G. T. (2001). Non-carcass components yield of lambs fed corn silage or sugar cane under two levels of concentrate. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(12), 2878-2885. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011001200035
Motta, J. H.; Pires, C. C.; Dias, A. M. O.; Manzoni, V. G.; Martins, A. A.; Borges, L. I.; Teixeira, W. S.,... Silva Rosa, J. (2019). In vivo biometry and carcass characteristics of lambs in different finishing systems. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40, (2) 855-866. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n2p855
National Research Council. (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids. Washington: National Academy Press.
Osório, J. C. S., & Osório, M. T. M. (2003): Produção de carne ovina: técnicas de avaliação “in vivo” e na carcaça. Pelotas: UFPEL.
Poli, C. H. E. C., Monteiro, A. L. G. M., Barros, C. S., Moraes, A., Fernandes, M. A. M., Piazzetta, H. V. L. (2008). Produção de ovinos de corte em quatro sistemas de produção. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 37, (4), 666-673. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982008000400012
Schwartzkopf-Genswein, K. S., Beauchemin, K. A., Gibb, D. J., Crews, D. H., Hickman, D. D., Streeter, M., McAllister, T. A. (2003). Effect of bunk management on feeding behavior ruminal acidosis, and performance of feedlot cattle: a review. Journal of Animal Science, 81(14) 149-158. doi: 10.2527/2003.8114_suppl_2E149x
Silva, A. G. Sobº. (2001). Criação de ovinos. Jaboticabal: FUNEP.
Silva, L. F., Pires, C. C. (2000). Quantitative evaluation and prediction of the bone, muscle and fat proportion of the ovine carcass. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 29(4), 1253-1260. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982000000400040
Sormunen-Cristian, R. (2013). Effect of barley and oats on feed intake, live weight gain and some carcasss characteristics of fattening lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 109(1), 22-27. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.07.009
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Published
2020-03-06
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Saccol, A. G. F., Pires, C. C., Klinger, A. C. K., Pötter, L., Seibert, L., Lopes, J. F., … Costa, S. T. (2020). Termination of lambs fed concentrate or pasture: performance and technical feasibility. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(2), 633–646. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n2p633
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