Detection and isolation of caprine lentivirus in goat umbilical cord cells
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n1p213Keywords:
Cell culture, Proviral DNA, Wharton’s jelly, RLVs, Congenital transmission.Abstract
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs), which include caprine and ovine lentiviruses, cause serious damage to the health of their hosts, considerably reducing production and increasing culling. The intrauterine route may be an important route of transmission of SRLVs, as they have already been detected in neonates. Furthermore, umbilical cord cells show permissiveness to the multiplication of these viruses in vitro. Thus, this study aimed to detect and isolate caprine lentivirus from mesenchymal cells of Wharton’s jelly from goat umbilical cord. Fifteen umbilical cords were collected from eight goats (seven positive and one negative for SRLV via nPCR) that underwent cesarean section and immersed in 0.9% saline solution. Subsequently, the Wharton’s jelly was removed and cultured in enriched minimum essential medium (MEM) in an incubator at 37 °C and 5% CO2 for 63 days. The medium was changed every seven days, and trypsinization and collection of the supernatant for nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) were performed every 21 days. Three samples were randomly selected for DNA sequencing based on the positive nPCR results to identify the viral isolate. 40% (6/15) of the cords were positive for caprine lentivirus (Lentivirus capartenc), previously called caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV). One out of the six positive cords remained positive since the first supernatant collection. All samples, except for the lost plots, showed cell destruction and the presence of syncytium ranging from a very mild to an intense level. We also found that 26% (4/15) of the offspring, with blood collected at birth, presented positive nPCR results for caprine lentivirus. The DNA sequences, when aligned, presented homology with each other, with the standard strains CAEV Co and MVV K1514, and with some Brazilian isolates described in the literature. Therefore, caprine lentivirus may be present in mesenchymal cells of Wharton’s jelly from the umbilical cord of naturally infected goats in the form of proviral DNA, posing a risk of fetal contamination.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Juscilânia Furtado Araújo, Alice Andrioli, Raymundo Rizaldo Pinheiro, Renato Mesquita Peixoto, Ana Lídia Madeira de Sousa , Ana Milena Cesar Lima, Cíntia Daudt, Gabriel Paula Amaral, Samara Cristina Rocha Souza, Maria Fátima da Silva Teixeira
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