Influence of the fungicide strobilurin on forage rye production under different harvesting systems
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n5p2109Keywords:
Carboxamide, Winter cereal, Biomass yield, Secale cereale, Silage.Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of successive harvests, with or without application of foliar fungicide, on the morphometric characteristics, yield and nutritional value of rye forage harvested at the hard dough grain stage, aiming at silage production. The preventive control of foliar diseases was carried out with the fungicide OrkestraTM SC®, in a single application, at early flowering, for both harvesting systems. The first harvest was conducted at the full vegetative stage and the second, at the hard dough grain stage. The system with two harvests resulted in higher cumulative yield compared with the single-harvest system (40,680 and 9,029 kg ha-1 fresh and dry biomass with two harvests, against 8,816 and 5,375 kg ha-1 fresh and dry biomass). Fungicide application promoted a reduction in neutral detergent fiber content in both systems, with values of 753.9 against 790.6 g kg-1 for the single-harvest system and 734.4 against 773.3 g kg-1 for the two-harvest system, with and without fungicide, respectively. For lignin content, the application of the fungicide reduced values (97.2 against 110.3 g kg-1) only in the two-harvest system. Rye management with a harvest at the vegetative stage increases the cumulative dry biomass yield without negatively affecting the harvest yield at the hard dough grain stage, and without drastic changes in the nutritional value of the plant. Even under adverse conditions, fungicide application positively interferes with plant cell wall components.References
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Leão, G. F. M., Jobim, C. C., Neumann, M. E., Santos, S. K. dos, Horst, E. H., & Santos, L. C. dos. (2019). Aspectos produtivos e nutricionais de cereais de inverno em regimes de corte para ensilagem. Archivos de Zootecnia, 68(262), 128-136.
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National Research Council – NRC (2001). Nutrient requeriments of dairy cattle. (7ª ed.), Washinton, D.C.
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Weinberg, Z. G., & Chen, Y. (2013). Effects of storage period on the composition of whole crop wheat and corn silages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 185(3-4), 196-200. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013. 08.009
Wise, K., & Mueller, D. (2011). Are fungicides no longer just for fungi? An analysis of foliar fungicide use in corn. APSnet Features. doi: 10.1094/APSnetFeature-2011-0531
Yusoff, M. M., Moot, D. J., McKenzie, B. A., & Hill, G. D. (2013). Quantification of vegetative development of faba bean, oats, and Italian ryegrass. Crop and Pasture Science, 63(12), 1097-1105. doi: 10.1071/CP12305
Fontaneli, R. S., Fontaneli, R. S., Santos, H. P., Nascimento, A., Jr., Minella, E., & Caierão, E. (2009). Rendimento e valor nutritivo de cereais de inverno de duplo propósito: forragem verde e silagem ou grãos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(11), 2116-2120. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982009001100007
Goering, H. K., & Van Soest, P. J. (1970). Forage fiber analysis: apparatus reagents, procedures and some applications. Agricultural Handbook.
González, J., Faría-Mármol, J., Rodríguez, C. A., & Martínez, A. (2007). Effects of ensiling on ruminal degradability and intestinal digestibility of Italian rye-grass. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 136(1-2), 38-50. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2006.08.022
Haerr, K. J., Pineda, A., Lopes, N. M., Weems, J. D., Bradley, C. A., Pereira, M. N., & Cardoso, F. C. (2016). Effects of corn treated with foliar fungicide on in situ corn silage degradability in Holstein cows. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 222, 149-157. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.10.010
Harper, M. T., Oh, J., Giallongo, F., Roth, G. W., & Hristov, A. N. (2017). Inclusion of wheat and triticale silage in the diet of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(8), 6151-6163. doi: 10.3168/jds. 2017-12553
Haselmann, A., Wenter, M., Fuerst-Waltl, B., Zollitsch, W., Zebeli, Q., & Knaus, W. (2020). Comparing the effects of silage and hay from similar parent grass forages on organic dairy cows’ feeding behavior, feed intake and performance. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 267, 114560. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci. 2020.114560
Heker, J. C., Jr. (2020c). Características agronômicas e bromatológicas da forragem e da silagem do centeio cv. Temprano submetido a diferentes sistemas de corte, com ou sem aplicação de fungicida. Tese de doutorado, Universidade estadual do Centro-Oeste, Guarapuava, PR, Brasil.
Heker, J. C., Jr., Neumann, M., Mendes, M. C., Souza, A. M. de, Santos, L. C., Pereira, E., & Pinto, R. G. (2020a). Chemical parameters and ruminal disappearance of Secale cereale rye forage in different harvest systems with or without fungicide. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(5), 1691-1704. doi: 0.5433/ 1679-0359.2020v41n5p1691
Heker, J. C., Jr., Neumann, M., Rampim, L., Venancio, B. J., Plodoviski, D. C., Souza Sidor, F. de, & Moresco, E. M. (2020b). Losses, chemical composition and aerobic stability of rye silage cv. Temprano subjected to different pre-flowering cuttings with or without fungicide. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(5), 1705-1718. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n5p1705
Horst, E. H., Neumann, M., Santos, J. C. dos, Mareze, J., Mizubuti, I. Y., & Bumbieris, V. H., Jr. (2017). Fiber composition and degradability of cold season green forage and pre-dried silage harvested at pre-flowering. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 38(4), 2041-2049. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p2041
Horst, E. H., Neumann, M., Mareze, J., Leão, G. F. M., Bumbieris, V. H., Jr., & Mendes, M. C. (2018). Nutritional composition of pre-dried silage of different winter cereals. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 40, e42500. doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.42500
Kalebich, C. C., & Cardoso, F. C. (2017). Effects of foliar fungicide application on corn plants on the composition of corn silage for ruminant diets. Journal of Animal Research and Nutrition, 2, 5-15. doi: 10.21767/2572-5459.100025
Large, E. C. (1954). Growth stages in cereals. Illustration of the Feekes scale. Plant Pathology, 3, 128-129.
Leão, G. F. M., Jobim, C. C., Neumann, M., Bueno, A. V. I., Ribeiro, M. G., Jacovaci, F. A., & Askel, E. J. (2016). Parâmetros nutricionais e estabilidade aeróbia de silagens de cereais de inverno submetidas a diferentes regimes de corte no estádio vegetativo. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 68(6), 1664-1672. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-9082
Leão, G. F. M., Jobim, C. C., Neumann, M. E., Santos, S. K. dos, Horst, E. H., & Santos, L. C. dos. (2019). Aspectos produtivos e nutricionais de cereais de inverno em regimes de corte para ensilagem. Archivos de Zootecnia, 68(262), 128-136.
McEvoy, M., O’Donovan, M., & Shalloo, L. (2011). Development and application of an economic ranking index for perennial ryegrass cultivars. Journal of Dairy Science, 94(3), 1627-1639. doi: 10.3168/jds. 2010-3322
Meinerz, G. R., Olivo, C. J., Fontaneli, R. S., Agnolin, C. A., Fontaneli, R. S., Horst, T., & Bem, C. M. D. (2011). Valor nutritivo da forragem de genótipos de cereais de inverno de duplo propósito. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(6), 1173-1180. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011000600003
National Research Council – NRC (2001). Nutrient requeriments of dairy cattle. (7ª ed.), Washinton, D.C.
Nocek, J. (1988). In situ and other methods to estimate ruminal protein and energy digestibility: a review. Journal of Dairy Science, 71, 2051-2069. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79781-7
Pepler, S., Gooding, M. J., Ford, K. E., & Ellis, R. H. (2005). A temporal limit to the association between flag leaf life extension by fungicides and wheat yields. European Journal of Agronomy, 22(4), 363-373. doi: 10.1016/j.eja.2004.06.002
Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. Núcleo Estadual Paraná (2017). Manual de adubação e calagem para o estado do Paraná. Curitiba.
Weinberg, Z. G., & Chen, Y. (2013). Effects of storage period on the composition of whole crop wheat and corn silages. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 185(3-4), 196-200. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013. 08.009
Wise, K., & Mueller, D. (2011). Are fungicides no longer just for fungi? An analysis of foliar fungicide use in corn. APSnet Features. doi: 10.1094/APSnetFeature-2011-0531
Yusoff, M. M., Moot, D. J., McKenzie, B. A., & Hill, G. D. (2013). Quantification of vegetative development of faba bean, oats, and Italian ryegrass. Crop and Pasture Science, 63(12), 1097-1105. doi: 10.1071/CP12305
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2022-07-14
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Silva, E. P. e, Horst, E. H., Pereira, E. L. C., Heker Junior, J. C., Plodoviski, D. C., & Neumann, M. (2022). Influence of the fungicide strobilurin on forage rye production under different harvesting systems. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 43(5), 2109–2122. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n5p2109
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