Effects of solar tunnel drying, shade drying and microwave drying methods on the drying kinetics of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n5p1941Keywords:
Mathematical modelling, Drying, Food, Moisture ratio, Drying rate.Abstract
Whole and halved strawberries were dried by using three methods, which were solar tunnel drying, shade drying, and microwave drying (180W, 540W, and 900W) to determine drying characteristic and modelling. The researchers measured solar irradiation at ambient and drying air temperatures and air velocity at specific intervals in various parts of the dryer. How microwave drying (180, 540, and 900 W) affected the drying time and drying ratio of the whole and halved strawberry samples was investigated. In addition, the data on the drying process were applied to 5 different mathematical models, which were Weibull distribution, Midilli et al., Jena and Das and Aghbashlo et al. Equation Models. The researchers compared the performance levels of the models according to correlation coefficient (R2), chi-square value (x2), besides the root mean square error (RMSE) between moisture ratios that were observed and predicted. Furthermore, the Weibull Distribution and Midilli et al. models were found to reveal the ratio of drying in a satisfactory way for all the methods of drying.Downloads
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References
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Amami, E., Khezami, W., Mezrigui, S., Badwaik, L. S., Bejar, A. K., Perez, C. T., & Kechaou, N. (2017). Effect of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration pretreatment on the convective drying of strawberry. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 36(2017), 286-300. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.007
Amer, B. M. A. (2019). Simulation of air characteristics for pv hybrid drying system and drying kinetics of strawberry fruits. Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 36(2), 515-534.
Atacan, K. (2018). Effect of spray drying parameters on blueberry and strawberry juice concentrates. M. Sc. thesis in Food Engineering University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Babalis, S. J., Papanicolaou, E., Kyriakis, N., Vassilios, G., & Belessiotis, V. G. (2006). Evaluation of thin layer drying models for describing drying kinetics of figs (Ficus carica). Journal of Food Engineering, 75(2), 205-214. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.04.008
Beige, M. (2016). Hot air drying of apple slices: dehydration characteristics and quality assessment. Heat Mass Transfer, 52(8), 1435-1442. doi: 10.1007/s00231-015-1646-8
Doymaz, I. (2008). Convective drying kinetics of strawberry. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 47(5), 914-919. doi: 10.1016/j.cep.2007.02.003
Doymaz, I. (2014). Suitability of thin layer drying models for infrared drying of peach slices. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 38(6), 2232-2239. doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12277
Doymaz, I., & Aktas, C. (2018). Determination of drying and rehydration characteristics of eggplant slices. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 33(3), 833-841. doi: 10.17341/ gazimmfd.416386
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Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2020). Statistical Database. http://www.fao.org/ faostat
Izli, N., & Polat, A. (2019). Effect of convective and microwave methods on drying characteristics, color, rehydration and microstructure properties of ginger. Food Science and Technology, 39(3), 652-659. doi: 10.1590/fst.04518
Jena, S., & Das, H. (2007). Modelling for vacuum drying characteristics of coconut press cake. Journal of Food Engineering, 79(1), 92-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.01.032
Kamarulzaman, A., Hasanuzzaman, M., & Rahim, N. A. (2021). Global advancement of solar drying technologies and its future prospects: a review. Solar Energy, 221(2021), 559-582. doi: 10.1016/j.solener. 2021.04.056
Karaaslan, S., & Balta, A. (2014). Determination of suitable drying model for combined microwave- fan assisted convection drying of strawberry. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 1(Special Issue 2), 2062- 2067. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/turkjans/issue/13311/161024
Kirmaci, V., Usta, H., & Menlik, T. (2008). An experimental study on freeze-drying behavior of strawberries. Drying Technology, 26(12), 1570-1576. doi: 10.1080/07373930802467037
Kumar, M., Sansaniwal, S. K., & Khatak, P. (2016). Progress in solar dryers for drying various commodities. Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, 346-360. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.158
Macias, M. A. (2013). Comparatives studies of different drying process of strawberry hot air drying freeze-drying and swell-drying: application on the biological compounds preservation. HAL Id: tel-01066753. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066753
Midilli, A., Kucuk, H., & Yapar, Z. (2002). A new model for single layer drying. Drying Technology, 20(7), 1503-1513. doi: 10.1081/DRT-120005864
Mohammed, S., Edna, M., & Siraj, K. (2020). The effect of traditional and improved solar drying methods on the sensory quality and nutritional composition of fruits: a case of mangoes and pineapples. Heliyon, 6(6), e04163. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04163
Naderinezhad, S., Etesami, N., Najafabady, A. P., & Falavarjani, M. G. (2016). Mathematical modeling of drying of potato slices in a forced convective dryer based on important parameters. Food Science and Nutrition, 4(1), 110-118. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.258
Oluwaseun, A. R., Nour, H. A., Siti, K. A. M., & Olusegun, A. O. (2018). Mathematical modeling of thin layer drying using open sun and shade of Vernonia amygdalina leaves. Agriculture and Natural Resources, 52(1), 53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.anres.2018.05.013
Ozbahçali, G., & Aslantas, R. (2015). Some strawberry cultivars (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) determination of performance in Erzurum ecological conditions, Ataturk University Journal of Agricultural Faculty, 46(2), 75-84. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/278054
Ozbek, B., & Dadali, G. (2007). Thin layer drying characteristics and modelling of mint leaves undergoing microwave treatment. Journal of Food Engineering, 83(4), 541-549. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.04.004
Prabhanjan, D. G., Ramaswamy, H. S., & Raghavan, G. S. V. (1995). Microwave assisted convective air drying of thin layer carrots. Journal of Food Engineering, 25(2), 283-293. doi: 10.1016/0260-8774(94)00031-4
Prosapio, V., & Norton, I. (2017). Influence of osmotic dehydration pre-treatment on oven-drying and freeze drying performance. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 80(2017), 401-408. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.03. 012
Rodriguez-Ramirez, J., Mendez-Lagunas, L. L., Lopez-Ortiz, A., Muniz-Becera, S., & Nair, K. (2021). Solar drying of strawberry using polycarbonate with UV protection and polyethylene covers: influence on anthocyanin and total phenolic content. Solar Energy, 221, 120-130. doi: 10.1016/j.solener. 2021.04.025
Sacilik, K., & Elicin, A. K. (2005). The thin layer drying characteristics of organic apple slices. Journal of Food Engineering, 73(3), 281-289. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.03.024
Soysal, Y. (2004). Microwave drying characteristics of parsley. Biosystems Engineering, 89(2), 167-173. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.07.008
Szandzinska, J., Kowalski, S. J., & Stasiak, M. (2016). Microwave and ultrasound enhancement of convective drying of strawberries: experimental and modeling efficiency. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 103(4), 1065-1074. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.08.001
Vega-Galvez, A., Puente-Diaz, L., Lemus-Mondaca, R., Miranda, M., & Torres, M. J. (2012). Mathematical modelling of thin layer drying kinetics of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.). Journal of food Processing and Preservation, 38(2), 728-736. doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12024
Aghbashlo, M., Kianmehr, M. H., Khani, S., & Ghasemi, M. (2009). Mathematical modelling of thin layer drying of carrot. International Agrophysics, 23(4), 313-317.
Akpinar, E. K. (2011). Drying of parsley leaves in a solar dryer and under open sun: modeling, energy, and exergy aspects. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 34(1), 27-48. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-4530.2008.003 35.x
Al-Hilphy, A. R. S., & Alrikabi, A. K. J. (2013). Mathematical modeling and experimental study on thin layer halojen dryer of strawberry and study it’s effect on antioxidant activity. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 8(4), 268-281. doi: 10.3844/ajabssp.2013.268.281
Alibas, I. (2015). Drying of thin layer mango slices with microwave technique. Anadolu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 30(2015), 99-109. doi: 10.7161/anajas.2015.30.2.99-109
Amami, E., Khezami, W., Mezrigui, S., Badwaik, L. S., Bejar, A. K., Perez, C. T., & Kechaou, N. (2017). Effect of ultrasound-assisted osmotic dehydration pretreatment on the convective drying of strawberry. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 36(2017), 286-300. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.007
Amer, B. M. A. (2019). Simulation of air characteristics for pv hybrid drying system and drying kinetics of strawberry fruits. Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering, 36(2), 515-534.
Atacan, K. (2018). Effect of spray drying parameters on blueberry and strawberry juice concentrates. M. Sc. thesis in Food Engineering University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Babalis, S. J., Papanicolaou, E., Kyriakis, N., Vassilios, G., & Belessiotis, V. G. (2006). Evaluation of thin layer drying models for describing drying kinetics of figs (Ficus carica). Journal of Food Engineering, 75(2), 205-214. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.04.008
Beige, M. (2016). Hot air drying of apple slices: dehydration characteristics and quality assessment. Heat Mass Transfer, 52(8), 1435-1442. doi: 10.1007/s00231-015-1646-8
Doymaz, I. (2008). Convective drying kinetics of strawberry. Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 47(5), 914-919. doi: 10.1016/j.cep.2007.02.003
Doymaz, I. (2014). Suitability of thin layer drying models for infrared drying of peach slices. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 38(6), 2232-2239. doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12277
Doymaz, I., & Aktas, C. (2018). Determination of drying and rehydration characteristics of eggplant slices. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 33(3), 833-841. doi: 10.17341/ gazimmfd.416386
Doymaz, I., & Pala, M. (2002). The effects of dipping pretreatments on air drying rates of the seedless grapes. Journal of Food Engineering, 52(4), 413-417. doi: 10.1016/S0260-8774(01)00133-9
Doymaz, I., Kipcak, A. S., & Piskin, S. (2015). Characteristics of thin layer infrared drying of green bean. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 33(1), 83-90. doi: 10.17221/423/2014-CJFS
El-Beltagy, A., Gamea, G. R., & Amer Eissa, A. H. (2007). Solar drying characteristics of strawberry. Journal of Food Engineering, 78(2), 456-464. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.10.015
Ertekin, C., Gozlekci, S., Heybeli, N., Gencer, A., Adak, N., & Oksal, B. S. (2014). Drying of strawberries with infrared dryer. Proceedings International Conference of Agricultural Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland. www.eurageng.eu
Evin, D. (2011). Investigation on the drying kinetics of sliced and whole rosehips at different moisture contents under microwave treatment. Scientific Research and Essays, 6(11), 2337-2347. doi: 10.5897/SRE11.082
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2020). Statistical Database. http://www.fao.org/ faostat
Izli, N., & Polat, A. (2019). Effect of convective and microwave methods on drying characteristics, color, rehydration and microstructure properties of ginger. Food Science and Technology, 39(3), 652-659. doi: 10.1590/fst.04518
Jena, S., & Das, H. (2007). Modelling for vacuum drying characteristics of coconut press cake. Journal of Food Engineering, 79(1), 92-99. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2006.01.032
Kamarulzaman, A., Hasanuzzaman, M., & Rahim, N. A. (2021). Global advancement of solar drying technologies and its future prospects: a review. Solar Energy, 221(2021), 559-582. doi: 10.1016/j.solener. 2021.04.056
Karaaslan, S., & Balta, A. (2014). Determination of suitable drying model for combined microwave- fan assisted convection drying of strawberry. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 1(Special Issue 2), 2062- 2067. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/turkjans/issue/13311/161024
Kirmaci, V., Usta, H., & Menlik, T. (2008). An experimental study on freeze-drying behavior of strawberries. Drying Technology, 26(12), 1570-1576. doi: 10.1080/07373930802467037
Kumar, M., Sansaniwal, S. K., & Khatak, P. (2016). Progress in solar dryers for drying various commodities. Renewable Sustainable Energy Reviews, 55, 346-360. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.158
Macias, M. A. (2013). Comparatives studies of different drying process of strawberry hot air drying freeze-drying and swell-drying: application on the biological compounds preservation. HAL Id: tel-01066753. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01066753
Midilli, A., Kucuk, H., & Yapar, Z. (2002). A new model for single layer drying. Drying Technology, 20(7), 1503-1513. doi: 10.1081/DRT-120005864
Mohammed, S., Edna, M., & Siraj, K. (2020). The effect of traditional and improved solar drying methods on the sensory quality and nutritional composition of fruits: a case of mangoes and pineapples. Heliyon, 6(6), e04163. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04163
Naderinezhad, S., Etesami, N., Najafabady, A. P., & Falavarjani, M. G. (2016). Mathematical modeling of drying of potato slices in a forced convective dryer based on important parameters. Food Science and Nutrition, 4(1), 110-118. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.258
Oluwaseun, A. R., Nour, H. A., Siti, K. A. M., & Olusegun, A. O. (2018). Mathematical modeling of thin layer drying using open sun and shade of Vernonia amygdalina leaves. Agriculture and Natural Resources, 52(1), 53-58. doi: 10.1016/j.anres.2018.05.013
Ozbahçali, G., & Aslantas, R. (2015). Some strawberry cultivars (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) determination of performance in Erzurum ecological conditions, Ataturk University Journal of Agricultural Faculty, 46(2), 75-84. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/278054
Ozbek, B., & Dadali, G. (2007). Thin layer drying characteristics and modelling of mint leaves undergoing microwave treatment. Journal of Food Engineering, 83(4), 541-549. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2007.04.004
Prabhanjan, D. G., Ramaswamy, H. S., & Raghavan, G. S. V. (1995). Microwave assisted convective air drying of thin layer carrots. Journal of Food Engineering, 25(2), 283-293. doi: 10.1016/0260-8774(94)00031-4
Prosapio, V., & Norton, I. (2017). Influence of osmotic dehydration pre-treatment on oven-drying and freeze drying performance. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 80(2017), 401-408. doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.03. 012
Rodriguez-Ramirez, J., Mendez-Lagunas, L. L., Lopez-Ortiz, A., Muniz-Becera, S., & Nair, K. (2021). Solar drying of strawberry using polycarbonate with UV protection and polyethylene covers: influence on anthocyanin and total phenolic content. Solar Energy, 221, 120-130. doi: 10.1016/j.solener. 2021.04.025
Sacilik, K., & Elicin, A. K. (2005). The thin layer drying characteristics of organic apple slices. Journal of Food Engineering, 73(3), 281-289. doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.03.024
Soysal, Y. (2004). Microwave drying characteristics of parsley. Biosystems Engineering, 89(2), 167-173. doi: 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2004.07.008
Szandzinska, J., Kowalski, S. J., & Stasiak, M. (2016). Microwave and ultrasound enhancement of convective drying of strawberries: experimental and modeling efficiency. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 103(4), 1065-1074. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.08.001
Vega-Galvez, A., Puente-Diaz, L., Lemus-Mondaca, R., Miranda, M., & Torres, M. J. (2012). Mathematical modelling of thin layer drying kinetics of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.). Journal of food Processing and Preservation, 38(2), 728-736. doi: 10.1111/jfpp.12024
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Published
2022-06-17
How to Cite
Karaaslan, S., Kilic, H. C., & Ekinci, K. (2022). Effects of solar tunnel drying, shade drying and microwave drying methods on the drying kinetics of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa). Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 43(5), 1941–1956. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n5p1941
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