Genes de virulência e resistência antimicrobiana detectados em Staphylococcus spp. isolados de mastite clínica e não clínica usando sequenciamento do genoma completo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v44n2p393Palavras-chave:
Análise genética, Estafilococos, Gado leiteiro, Segurança de alimentos.Resumo
Staphylococcus spp. estão entre as bactérias mais isoladas em casos de mastite clínica e subclínica em bovinos leiteiros. O gênero compreende bactérias formadoras de biofilme capazes de produzir toxinas e adquirir resistência a múltiplos medicamentos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil genético relacionado às características de virulência e resistência antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus spp., isolados de mastites clínicas e vacas recém paridas não clínicas, utilizando sequenciamento do genoma completo (WGS). A coleta bacteriana foi composta por 29 Staphylococcus isolados de casos clínicos de mastite (n = 7), além de amostras de leite coletadas de vacas recém paridas (n = 22). Os isolados foram identificadas como Staphylococcus aureus (n = 2), Staphylococcus chromogenes (n = 19) e Staphylococcus haemolyticus (n = 8). Foram observados um total de 94 genes de virulência, incluindo genes pvl, icaA, icaD e componentes de superfície microbiana que reconhecem moléculas de matriz adesiva (MSCRAMMs). Também foram detectados importantes genes de resistência como blaZ, ant(4), erm(B), fexA, lnu(D), tet(L) e tet(M). A árvore filogenética listou as espécies conforme o esperado e apresentou quatro clados. Uma variedade de genes de virulência e resistência foram detectados. Além disso, a expressão de genes importantes como os responsáveis pela formação de biofilmes e enterotoxinas pode representar um risco à saúde dos consumidores. sendo uma preocupação para a saúde pública.
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