Protein-energy supplementation on productive and nutritional performance of grazing beef heifers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n1p297Keywords:
Animal nutrition, Cattle, Digestibility, Tropical pasture, Urea nitrogen, Voluntary intake.Abstract
This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of protein-energy supplementation on productive performance, intake, digestibility, and microbial protein synthesis in heifers fed tropical forage. Twelve Nellore heifers at 11 months of age, with a mean initial body weight of 248.8 ± 11.40 kg were used. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and six replicates. The treatments evaluated were: control (without supplementation); and supplementation in the amount of 1.5 kg animal-1 day-1. Forage samples were collected to evaluate the chemical composition and the total availability of dry matter of the pasture consumed by the animals. To evaluate the intake and forage digestibility, a trial was performed using internal and external markers. In this study no effect of supplementation was observed on the intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), forage DM, or neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap; P > 0.10). However, supplementation increased (P < 0.01) the intakes of crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC). Additionally, an upward trend (P=0.076) was observed in the intake of digested OM (DOM) with supplementation. On the other hand, supplementation increased (P < 0.01) the digestibility coefficients of OM, CP, EE, and NFC, although supplementation did not affect the ruminal synthesis of nitrogen compounds (MICN), efficiency of protein microbial synthesis (EMS), relative microbial nitrogen (RMICN) or urine urea nitrogen (UUN) excretion (P > 0.57). Lastly, supplementation increased (P=0.050) the average daily gain of the animals, although no effect (P > 0.10) was observed on their final body weight. These results suggested that protein-energy supplementation improves the productive performance and nutritional characteristics of grazing beef heifers.Downloads
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References
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Ortega, R. M., Paulino, M. F., Detmann, E., Rennó, L. N., Sotelo, D. M., Marquez, D. C.,… Ramalho, T. (2020). Supplementation levels for suckling female calves under grazing: productive and nutritional performance and metabolic profile. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(3), 945-958. doi: 10.5433/1679-035 9.2020v41n3p945
Reis, W. L. S., Detmann, E., Batista, E. D., Rufino, L. M. A., Gomes, D. I., Bento, C. B. P.,… Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2016). Effects of ruminal and post-ruminal protein supplementation in cattle fed tropical forages on insoluble fiber degradation, activity of fibrolytic enzymes, and the ruminal microbial community profile. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 218(8), 1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.001
Sampaio, C. B., Detmann, E., Valente, T., Costa, V., Valadares, S. C., Fº., & Queiroz, A. (2011). Fecal excretion patterns and short term bias of internal and external markers in a digestion assay with cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(3), 657-665. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011000300026
Sampaio, C. B., Detmann, E., Lazzarini, I., Souza, M. A., Paulino, M. F., & Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2009). Rumen dynamics of neutral detergent fiber in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogenous compounds. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(3), 560-569. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35 982009000300023
Barbosa, A. M., Valadares, R. F. D., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Pina, D. S., Detmann, E., & Leão, M. I. (2011). Endogenous fraction and urinary recovery of purine derivatives obtained by different methods in Nellore cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 89(2), 510-519. doi: 10.2527/jas.2009-2366
Batista, E. D., Detmann, E., Titgemeyer, E. C., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Valadares, R. F. D., Prates, L. L.,... Paulino, M. F. (2016). Effects of varying ruminally undegradable protein supplementation on forage digestion, nitrogen metabolism, and urea kinetics in Nellore cattle fed low-quality tropical forage. Journal of Animal Science, 94(1), 201-216. doi: 10.2527/jas.2015-9493
Broderick, G. A., & Clayton, M. K. (1997). A statistical evaluation of animal and nutritional factors influencing concentrations of milk urea nitrogen. Journal of Dairy Science, 80(11), 2964-2971. doi: 10. 3168/jds.S0022-0302(97)76262-3
Byers, F. M., & Moxon, A. L. (1980). Protein and selenium levels for growing and finishing beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 50(6), 1136-1144. doi: 10.2527/jas1980.5061136x
Cabral, C. H. A., Paulino, M. F., Detmann, E., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Barros, L. V., Valente, É. E. L.,... Cabral, C. E. A. (2014). Levels of supplementation for grazing beef heifers. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 27(6), 806-817. doi: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13542
Costa e Silva, L. F., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Chizzotti, M. L., Rotta, P. P., Prados, L. F., Valadares, R. F. D.,... Braga, J. M. S. (2012). Creatinine excretion and relationship with body weight of Nellore cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 4(3), 807-810. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982012000300046
Detmann, E., & Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2010). On the estimation of non-fibrous carbohydrates in feeds and diets. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 62(4), 980-984. doi: 10.1590/S0102-09352010000400030
Detmann, E., Souza, M. A. de, Valadares, S. C., Fº., de Queiroz, A. C., Berchielli, T. T., Cabral, L. S.,... Acevedo, J. A. G. (2012). Métodos para análise de alimentos INCT - ciência animal. Visconde do Rio Branco, MG: Suprema Gráfica. Retrieved from https://www.editoraufv.com.br/produto/metodos-para-analise-de-alimentos/1109316
Detmann, E., Gionbelli, M. P., Paulino, M. F., Valadares, S. C., Fº., & Rennó, L. N. (2016). Considerations on research methods applied to ruminants under grazing. Nutri Time Revista Eletrônica, 13(3), 4711-4731. Retrieved from https://www.nutritime.com.br/site/artigo-381-consideracoes-sobre-metodos-de-pesquisa-com-ruminantes-em-pastejo/
Detmann, E., Paulino, M. F., Valadares, S. C., Fº., & Huhtanen, P. (2014a). Nutritional aspects applied to grazing cattle in the tropics: a review based on Brazilian results. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 35(4), 2829-2854. doi: 10.5433/16790359.2014v35n4Suplp2829
Detmann, E., Valente, É. E. L., Batista, E. D., & Huhtanen, P. (2014b). An evaluation of the performance and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle fed tropical grass pastures with supplementation. Livestock Science, 162(1), 141-153. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.01.029
Lazzarini, I., Detmann, E., Sampaio, C. B., Paulino, M. F., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Souza, M. A., & Oliveira, F. A. (2009). Intake and digestibility in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogenous compounds. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(10), 2021-2030. doi: 10.1590/S1516-3598 2009001000024
Lazzarini, Í., Detmann, E., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Paulino, M. F., Batista, E. D., Rufino, L. M. A.,... Franco, M. O. (2016). Nutritional performance of cattle grazing during rainy season with nitrogen and starch supplementation. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, 29(8), 1120. doi: 10.5713/ajas.15.0514
Ortega, R. M., Paulino, M. F., Detmann, E., Rennó, L. N., Silva, A. G. da, Marquez, D. C.,... Bitencourt, J. A. (2016). Quantities of supplements for grazing beef heifers in the dry-rainy transition season. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 37(1), 461-472. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n1p461
Ortega, R. M., Paulino, M. F., Detmann, E., Rennó, L. N., Sotelo, D. M., Marquez, D. C.,… Ramalho, T. (2020). Supplementation levels for suckling female calves under grazing: productive and nutritional performance and metabolic profile. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(3), 945-958. doi: 10.5433/1679-035 9.2020v41n3p945
Reis, W. L. S., Detmann, E., Batista, E. D., Rufino, L. M. A., Gomes, D. I., Bento, C. B. P.,… Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2016). Effects of ruminal and post-ruminal protein supplementation in cattle fed tropical forages on insoluble fiber degradation, activity of fibrolytic enzymes, and the ruminal microbial community profile. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 218(8), 1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.05.001
Sampaio, C. B., Detmann, E., Valente, T., Costa, V., Valadares, S. C., Fº., & Queiroz, A. (2011). Fecal excretion patterns and short term bias of internal and external markers in a digestion assay with cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(3), 657-665. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011000300026
Sampaio, C. B., Detmann, E., Lazzarini, I., Souza, M. A., Paulino, M. F., & Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2009). Rumen dynamics of neutral detergent fiber in cattle fed low-quality tropical forage and supplemented with nitrogenous compounds. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(3), 560-569. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35 982009000300023
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Published
2022-01-10
How to Cite
Ortega, R. M., Moreno, D. S., & Angúlo, L. M. (2022). Protein-energy supplementation on productive and nutritional performance of grazing beef heifers. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 43(1), 297–310. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n1p297
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