Sources of conjugated linoleic acid and lauric acid inoculated into the eggs of quails and its effects on immunity
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3Supl1p1759Keywords:
Fatty acids, Coturniculture, Immunology, Nutrition in ovo, Inoleic acid, AL, Acid lauric.Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of in-egg inoculation with sources of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and lauric acid (AL), going by the weight of lymphoid organs and the biochemical profile of the blood of cut quails, from one to 35 days of age. We used 360 quails distributed in a completely randomized design, in six treatments and six replicates of 10 birds per plot. Corn oil (OM) was used to dilute the CLA and AL. The experimental treatments were: healthy eggs (control); eggs inoculated with OM thinner; eggs inoculated with CLA 120 mg / 50 mL OM; eggs inoculated with CLA 240 mg / 50 mL OM; eggs inoculated with AL 60 mg / 50 mL OM and eggs inoculated with AL 90 mg / 50 mL OM. The results were analyzed through Program R at the level of 5% significance. To verify the normal distribution of errors, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test was applied. At 21 days, an effect of p < 0.05 was observed for the total blood cholesterol content, inoculations with CLA reduced, even as AL increased, regardless of the level. At 35 days, it was found (p < 0.05) that the levels of total cholesterol and AST in the blood decreased with inoculations of CLA and AL at the lower levels, compared to those that did not receive the inoculations. The CLA and AL levels supplemented via egg inoculations did not interfere with the weight of the lymphoid organs (thymus, Fabricius bursa) of the birds, at both ages. Supplementation in eggs of cut quails with CLA 240 mg reduced the total blood cholesterol content compared to CLA 120 mg, at 21 days of age. At 35 days of age, higher concentrations of CLA and AL increased the total cholesterol and AST in the blood of birds and AL had a greater effect on the increase than CLA.References
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Kabir, A. (2013). Blood chemistry analyses of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Scholarly Journal Agricultural Science, 3(4), 132-136.
Krinski, K., Elsagedy, H., Colombo, H., Buzzachara, C., Soares, I., & Campos, W. D. (2010). Efeitos do exercício físico no sistema imunológico. Revista Brasileira de Medicina, 67(7), 1-6. doi: S0034-726420 10004500002
Krupakaran, R. P. (2013). Serum biochemical profile of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 3(1), 182-183. Retrieved from http://www.cibtech. org/J%20LIFE%20SCI
Lei, L., Xiaoyi, S., & Fuchang, L. (2017). Effect of dietary copper addition on lipid metabolism in rabbits. Food & Nutrition Research, 61(1), 1348866. doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1348866
Longato, E., Meineri, G., & Peiretti, P. G. (2017). The effect of Amaranthus caudatus supplementation to diets containing linseed oil on oxidative status, blood serum metabolites, growth performance and meat quality characteristics in broilers. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 35(1), 71-86. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3d9a/1313ab24fb529de112422b0b864897fdafc3.pdf
Mehr, M. A., Hassanabadi, A., Mirghelenj, S. A., & Kermanshasi, H. (2014). Effects of in ovo injection of conjugated linoleic acid on immune status and blood biochemical factors of broiler chickens. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 1.(2), 455-461. Retrieved from https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/ articulo?codigo=4861535
Pinto, M. F., Lima, V. M., Ribeiro, S. C., Bossolani, I. L., Ponsano, E. H., & Garcia, M., Neto. (2014). Fontes de óleo na dieta e sua influência no desempenho e na imunidade de frangos de corte. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 34(5), 409-414. doi: 10.1590/S0100-736X2014000500004
Preuss, M. B., Rohlfes, A. L. B., Monte Baccar, N. de, Marquardt, L., Oliveira, M. S. R. de, & Schneider, R. D. C. D. S. (2013). Ácido linoléico conjugado: uma breve revisão. Revista Jovens Pesquisadores, 3(2). doi: 10.17058/rjp.v3i2.4092
R Core Team (2017). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Versão 3.5.2 "Eggshell Igloo". Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
Saeidi, E., Shokrollahi, B., Karimi, K., & Amiri-Andi, M. (2016). Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on performance, carcass characteristics, blood biochemical parameters and immune response in Japanese quail. British Poultry Science, 57(3), 358-363. doi: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1169508
Silva, J. D., & Costa, F. G. P. (2009). Tabela para codornas japonesas e europeias. Jaboticabal, SP: Funep.
Taves, M. D., Hamden, J. E., & Soma, K. K. (2017). Local glucocorticoid production in lymphoid organs of mice and birds: functions in lymphocyte development. Hormones and Behavior, 88(2), 4-14. doi: 10. 1016/j.yhbeh.2016.10.022
Verma, V. K., Yadav, S. K., & Haldar, C. (2017). Influence of environmental factors on avian immunity: an Overview. Journal Immunology Research, 4(1), 1028.
Agina, O. A., Ezema, W. S., & Iwuoha, E. M. (2017). The haematology and serum biochemistry profile of adult Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 9(1), 67-72. doi: 10.15 835/nsb 919928
Ali, M. A., Hmar, L., Devi, L. I., Prava, M., Lallianchhunga, M. C., & Tolenkhomba, T. C. (2012). Effect of age on the haematological and biochemical profile of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). International Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 2(8), 110. Retrieved from http://updatepublishing. com/journal/index.php/imrj/article/view/2698
Alvarez-Curto, E., & Milligan, G. (2016). Metabolism meets immunity: the role of free fatty acid receptors in the immune system. Biochemical Pharmacology, 114(1), 3-13. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.03.017
Barbosa, A. D. A., Müller, E. S., Moraes, G. H. K. D., Umigi, R. T., Barreto, S. L. D. T., & Ferreira, R. M. (2010). Perfil da aspartato aminotransferase e alanina aminotransferase e biometria do fígado de codornas japonesas. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(2), 308-312. doi: 10.1590/S1516-3598201000 0200012
Białek, A., Stawarska, A., Bodecka, J., Białek, M., & Tokarz, A. (2017). Pomegranate seed oil influences the fatty acids profile and reduces the activity of desaturases in livers of Sprague-Dawley rats. Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators, 131(1), 9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2017.05.004
Bloy, N., Garcia, P., Laumont, C. M., Pitt, J. M., Sistigu, A., Stoll, G.,... Drijfhout, J. W. (2017). Immunogenic stress and death of cancer cells: contribution of antigenicity vs adjuvanticity to immunosurveillance. Immunological Reviews, 280(1), 165-174. doi: 10.1111/imr.12582
Chen, L., Chen, X. W., Huang, X., Song, B. L., Wang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2019). Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism in health and disease. Science China Life Sciences, 62(11),1420-1458. doi: 10.1007/s 11427-019-1563-3
Coelho, S., Silva, J. D., Oliveira, E. D., Amâncio, A. L. L., Silva, N. D., & Lima, R. M. B. (2010). A própolis e sua utilização em animais de produção. Archivos de Zootecnia, 59(232), 95-112. doi: 10.21 071/az.v59i232.4909
Damasceno, J. L., Cruz, F. G. G., Melo, R. D., Feijó, J. C., Rufino, J. P. F., Valentim, F. M., & Oliveira, J. P. C. (2017). Inoculação de proteína isolada de soja em ovos embrionados oriundos de matrizes semipesadas com diferentes idades. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 69(5), 1259-1266. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-9069
Dilzer, A., & Park, Y. (2012). Implication of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in human health. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 52(6), 488-513. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2010.501409
Dolan, E., Gualano, B., & Rawson, E. S. (2019). Beyond muscle: the effects of creatine supplementation on brain creatine, cognitive processing, and traumatic brain injury. European Journal of Sport Science, 19(1), 1-14. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1500644
Donaldson, J., Madziva, M. T., & Erlwanger, K. H. (2017). The effects of high-fat diets composed of different animal and vegetable fat sources on the health status and tissue lipid profiles of male Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(5), 700. doi: 10. 5713/ajas.16.0486
Dourado, L. R., Machado, L. P., Araújo, A. D. S., Fernandes, M. L., Santos, E. T. D., Silva, D. R.,... Bastos, H. (2017). Desempenho e saúde de frangos de corte não são prejudicados em função do teor de metanol da glicerina incluída em dietas. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 37(6), 537-543. doi: 10.1590/s0100-73 6x2017000600001
Groff-Urayama, P., Padilha, J., Einsfeld, S., Pertile, S., Gorges, M., de Andrade, M.,... Takahashi, S. (2019). Performance, intestinal morphometry, and incubation parameters of broiler chickens submitted to in ovo feeding with different techniques and amino acids. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 99(4), 732-740. doi: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0131
Kabir, A. (2013). Blood chemistry analyses of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). Scholarly Journal Agricultural Science, 3(4), 132-136.
Krinski, K., Elsagedy, H., Colombo, H., Buzzachara, C., Soares, I., & Campos, W. D. (2010). Efeitos do exercício físico no sistema imunológico. Revista Brasileira de Medicina, 67(7), 1-6. doi: S0034-726420 10004500002
Krupakaran, R. P. (2013). Serum biochemical profile of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 3(1), 182-183. Retrieved from http://www.cibtech. org/J%20LIFE%20SCI
Lei, L., Xiaoyi, S., & Fuchang, L. (2017). Effect of dietary copper addition on lipid metabolism in rabbits. Food & Nutrition Research, 61(1), 1348866. doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1348866
Longato, E., Meineri, G., & Peiretti, P. G. (2017). The effect of Amaranthus caudatus supplementation to diets containing linseed oil on oxidative status, blood serum metabolites, growth performance and meat quality characteristics in broilers. Animal Science Papers and Reports, 35(1), 71-86. Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3d9a/1313ab24fb529de112422b0b864897fdafc3.pdf
Mehr, M. A., Hassanabadi, A., Mirghelenj, S. A., & Kermanshasi, H. (2014). Effects of in ovo injection of conjugated linoleic acid on immune status and blood biochemical factors of broiler chickens. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 1.(2), 455-461. Retrieved from https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/ articulo?codigo=4861535
Pinto, M. F., Lima, V. M., Ribeiro, S. C., Bossolani, I. L., Ponsano, E. H., & Garcia, M., Neto. (2014). Fontes de óleo na dieta e sua influência no desempenho e na imunidade de frangos de corte. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, 34(5), 409-414. doi: 10.1590/S0100-736X2014000500004
Preuss, M. B., Rohlfes, A. L. B., Monte Baccar, N. de, Marquardt, L., Oliveira, M. S. R. de, & Schneider, R. D. C. D. S. (2013). Ácido linoléico conjugado: uma breve revisão. Revista Jovens Pesquisadores, 3(2). doi: 10.17058/rjp.v3i2.4092
R Core Team (2017). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Versão 3.5.2 "Eggshell Igloo". Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing.
Saeidi, E., Shokrollahi, B., Karimi, K., & Amiri-Andi, M. (2016). Effects of medium-chain fatty acids on performance, carcass characteristics, blood biochemical parameters and immune response in Japanese quail. British Poultry Science, 57(3), 358-363. doi: 10.1080/00071668.2016.1169508
Silva, J. D., & Costa, F. G. P. (2009). Tabela para codornas japonesas e europeias. Jaboticabal, SP: Funep.
Taves, M. D., Hamden, J. E., & Soma, K. K. (2017). Local glucocorticoid production in lymphoid organs of mice and birds: functions in lymphocyte development. Hormones and Behavior, 88(2), 4-14. doi: 10. 1016/j.yhbeh.2016.10.022
Verma, V. K., Yadav, S. K., & Haldar, C. (2017). Influence of environmental factors on avian immunity: an Overview. Journal Immunology Research, 4(1), 1028.
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2021-04-22
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Paula, K. L. C. de, Pinheiro, S. R. F., Valentim, J. K., Castiblanco, D. M. C., Santos, A. S., Dallago, G. M., … Miranda, D. A. (2021). Sources of conjugated linoleic acid and lauric acid inoculated into the eggs of quails and its effects on immunity. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(3Supl1), 1759–1772. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3Supl1p1759
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