Synbiotic supplements as antibiotic alternatives in broiler diets
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n5p1859Keywords:
Animal nutrition, Growth promoters, Poultry.Abstract
Antibiotics can contribute to bacterial resistance, posing a significant public health concern. Synbiotics represent an effective alternative to antibiotics, promoting the balance of intestinal microbiota and creating a conducive environment for beneficial bacteria growth. This study aimed to assess the utility of the synbiotic supplement (+Poultry) as a substitute for antibiotics in broiler diets from 1 to 42 days of age. We evaluated its impact on performance during two stages: 1 to 21 days and 1 to 42 days, digestibility coefficients, metabolizable energy, duodenum and jejunum morphometry, carcass yield, and hematological parameters. A total of 440 Ross 308 strain broiler chicks, both males and females, were accommodated in 2m² cages from day 1 to day 42. The birds were randomly assigned to four treatments, with each treatment having five replications consisting of 22 birds, thus forming 20 experimental plots. The treatment groups were as follows: Basal diet (BD) without the addition of antibiotics or synbiotics, BD with 150ppm zinc bacitracin (BCZ), BD with 0.5kg/t of synbiotic, and BD with 1kg/t of synbiotic. The synbiotic supplement (+Poultry) used in this experiment, provided by Nutri+, contained amino acids, minerals, probiotic culture, prebiotic additives, and flavoring additives. Throughout the experiment, all birds were subjected to a weekly sanitary challenge, which involved using reused litter and water contaminated with litter. Treatment effects were observed on feed conversion (P = 0.0100) of broilers aged 1 to 21 days, indicating improved feed conversion in broilers consuming BD + 1kg/t synbiotic compared to BD alone. Consequently, we recommend the incorporation of a synbiotic supplement at a rate of 1kg/t as a viable antibiotic replacement for chickens aged 1 to 21 days. The tested synbiotic supplement shows promise as an antibiotic alternative in broiler diets at all life stages, maintaining both performance and bird health.
Downloads
References
Abdel-Hafeez, H. M., Saleh, E., Tawfeek, S. S., Youssef, I., & Abdel-Daim, A. (2017). Effects of probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic with and without feed restriction on performance, hematological indices and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(5), 672-682. doi: 10.5713/ajas.16.0535 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0535
Alavi, S. A. N., Zakeri, A., Kamrani, B., & Pourakbari, Y. (2012). Effect of prebiotics, probiotics, acidfire, growth promoter antibiotics and synbiotic on humural immunity of broiler chickens. Global Veterinaria, 8(6), 612-617.
Al-Baadani, H. H., Abudabos, A. M., Al-Mufarrej, S. I., Al-Baadani, A. A., & Alhidary, I. A. (2018). Dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and their symbiotic effect on serum biochemical parameters in broilers challenged with Clostridium perfringens. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 46(1), 1064-1072. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1454325 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2018.1454325
Al-Khalaifah, H. S. (2018). Benefits of probiotics and/or prebiotics for antibiotic-reduced poultry. Poultry Science, 97(11), 3807-3815. doi: 10.3382/ps/pey160 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pey160
Álvarez-Martínez, F. J., Barrajón-Catalán, E., & Micol, V. (2020). Tackling antibiotic resistance with compounds of natural origin: a comprehensive review. Biomedicines, 8(10), 405. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines8100405 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100405
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (2000). Official methods of analysis (17nd ed.). AOAC.
Barbosa, N. A. A., Sakomura, N. K., Oviedo-Rondón, E. O., Bonato, M. A., Kawauchi, I. M., Dari, R. L., & Fernandes, J. B. K. (2011). Mananoligossacarídeos em dietas para frangos de corte. Ciência Rural, 41(12), 2171-2176. doi: 10.1590/S0103-84782011001200021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782011001200021
Blajman, J. E., Zbrun, M. V., Astesana, D. M., Berisvil, A. P., Scharpen, A. R., Fusari, M. L., Soto, L. P., Signorini, M. L., Rosmini, M. R., & Frizzo, L. S. (2015). Probióticos en pollos parrilleros: una estrategia para los modelos productivos intensivos. Revista Argentina de Microbiologia, 47(4), 360-367. doi: 10.1016/j.ram.2015.08.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2015.08.002
Bozkurt, M., Aysul, N., Küçükyilmaz, K., Aypak, S., Ege, G., Catli, A. U., Aksit, H., Cöven, F., Seyrek, K., & Cinar, M. (2014). Efficacy of in-feed preparations of an anticoccidial, multienzyme, prebiotic, probiotic, and herbal essential oil mixture in healthy and Eimeria spp.-infected broilers. Poultry Science, 93(2), 389-399. doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03368 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps.2013-03368
Chen, Y. C., & Yu, Y. H. (2020). Bacillus licheniformis-fermented products improve growth performance and the fecal microbiota community in broilers. Poultry Science, 99(3), 1432-1443. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.061
Cheng, Y., Chen, Y., Li, X., Yang, W., Wen, C., Kang, Y., Wang, A., & Zhou, Y. (2017). Effects of synbiotic supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and muscular antioxidant capacity and mineral contents in broilers. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 97(11), 3699-3705. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8230
Clavijo, V., & Flórez, M. (2018). The gastrointestinal microbiome and its association with the control of pathogens in broiler chicken production: a review. Poultry Science, 97(3), 1006-1021. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex359 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex359
Flickinger, E. A., Van Loo, J., & Fahey, G. C. (2003). Nutritional responses to the presence of inulin and oligofructose in the diets of domesticated animals: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 43(1), 19-60. doi: 10.1080/10408690390826446 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408690390826446
Forte, C., Manuali, E., Abbate, Y., Papa, P., Vieceli, L., Tentellini, M., Trabalza-Marinucci, M., & Moscati, L. (2018). Dietary Lactobacillus acidophilus positively influences growth performance, gut morphology, and gut microbiology in rurally reared chickens. Poultry Science, 97(3), 930-936. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex396 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pex396
Fukayama, E. H., Bertechini, A. G., Geraldo, A., Kato, R. K., & Murgas, L. D. S. (2005). Extrato de orégano como aditivo em rações para frangos de corte. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 34(6 supl.), 2316-2326. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982005000700018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982005000700018
Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Sanders, M. E., Prescott, S. L., Reimer, R. A., Salminen, S. J., Scott, K., Stanton, C., Swanson, K. S., Cani, P. D., Verbeke, K., & Reid, G. (2017). Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics. Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 14(8), 491-502. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75
Grigoletti, C., Franco, S. G., Flemming, J. S., Fedalto, L. M., & Bacila, M. (2002). Saccharomyces cerevisae na alimentação de frangos de corte. Archives of Veterinary Science, 7(2), 151-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5380/avs.v7i2.3995
Kridtayopas, C., Rakangtong, C., Bunchasak, C., & Loongyai, W. (2019). Effect of prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation in diet on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, stress, and bacterial population under high stocking density condition of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 98(10), 4595-4605. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez152 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez152
Kuritza, L. N., Westphal, P., & Santin, E. (2014). Probiotics on poultry production. Ciência Rural, 44(8), 1457-1465. doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20120220 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20120220
Leite, P. R. S. C.; Oliveira, H. B.; Souza, V. B. L.; Rocha, F. O. & Oliveira, T. H. (2020). Probiotic and synbiotic in broiler diet: performance and Enterobacteriaceae. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 72(6), 2365-2372. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-12035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12035
Lopes, E. L., Junqueira, O. M., Araújo, L. F., Nunes, R. C., & Duarte, K. F. (2005). Fontes de lactose, níveis de lisina dietéticos e peso dos leitões ao desmame. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 34(6 supl.), 2340-2347. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982005000700021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982005000700021
Machado, P. F. (1997). Uso da levedura desidratada na alimentação de ruminantes. Anais do Simpósio sobre Tecnologia da Produção e Utilização da Levedura Desidratada na Alimentação Animal, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
Maiorka, A. (2002). Efeitos da idade da matriz, do jejum, da energia da ração e da glutamina sobre o desenvolvimento da mucosa intestinal e atividade do pâncreas de pintainhos de corte. Tese de doutorado em Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil.
Mangisah, I., Yunianto, V. D., Sumarsih, S., & Sugiharto, S. (2021). Nutrient digestibility and meat production of broiler chicken fed with symbiotic (a mixture of Lactobacillus casei and garlic powder). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 667(1), 012021. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/667/1/012021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/667/1/012021
Markowiak, P., & Śliżewska, K. (2018). The role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in animal nutrition. Gut Pathogens, 10(21), 2-20. doi: 10.1186/s13099-018-0250-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-018-0250-0
Menegali, I., Tinoco, I. F. F., Carvalho, C. C. S., Souza, C. F., & Martins, J. H. (2013). Comportamento de variáveis climáticas em sistemas de ventilação mínima para produção de pintos de corte. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 17(1), 106-113. doi: 10.1590/S1415-43662013000100015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-43662013000100015
Naghi Shokri, A., Ghasemi, H. A., & Taherpour, K. (2017). Evaluation of Aloe vera and synbiotic as antibiotic growth promoter substitutions on performance, gut morphology, immune responses and blood constitutes of broiler chickens. Animal science Journal, 88(2), 306-313. doi: 10.1111/asj.12629 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12629
Otutumi, L. K., Góis, M. B., Garcia, E. R. M., & Loddi, M. M. (2012). Probiotic in Animals. In E. Rigobelo (Ed.). Variations on the efficacy of probiotics in poultry. (Cap. 9, pp. 203).
Paiva, J. G. A., Carvalho, S. M. F., Magalhaes, M. P., & Graciano-Ribeiro, D. (2006). Verniz vitral incolor 500: uma alternativa de meio de montagem economicamente viável. Acta Botânica Brasileira, 20(2), 257-264. doi: 10.1590/S0102-33062006000200002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-33062006000200002
Prophet, E. B., Millis, B., Arrington, J. B., & Sobin, L. H. (1992). Laboratory methods in histotechnology (Armed Forces Institute of Phatology). American Registry of Pathology.
Rehman, A., Arif, M., Sajjad, N., Al-Ghadi, M. Q., Alagawany, M., Abd El-Hack, M. E., Alhimaidi, A. R., Elnesr, S. S., Almutairi, B. O., Amran, R. A., Hussein, E. O. S., & Swelum, A. A. (2020). Dietary effect of probiotics and prebiotics on broiler performance, carcass, and immunity. Poultry Science, 99(12), 6946-6953. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.043 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.043
Reis, T. L., & Vieites, F. M. (2019). Antibiótico, prebiótico, probiótico e simbiótico em rações de frangos de corte e galinhas poedeiras. Ciência Animal, 29(3), 133-147.
Rostagno, H. S., Albino, L. F. T., Hannas, M. I., Donzele, J. L., Sakomura, N. K., Perazzo, F. G., Saraiva, A., Teixeira, M. L., Rodrigues, P. B., Oliveira, R. F., Barreto, S. L. T., & Brito, C. O. (2017). Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais (4a ed.). UFV.
Sakomura, N. K., & Rostagno, H. S. (2016). Métodos de pesquisa em nutrição de monogástricos (2a ed.). FUNEP.
Sampath, V., Koo, D. H., Lim, C. B., & Kim, I. H. (2021). Supplemental effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on the Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, gas emission, excreta microbiota, and meat quality in broilers. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 23(4), 1-7. doi: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1514 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1514
Santos, I. I., Kessler, A. M., Mendes, J. F., Gianfelici, M. F., & Krás, R. V. (2012). Efeitos de probiótico e enzimas em dietas para frangos de corte na fase de crescimento. Biotemas, 25(2), 187-191. doi: 10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n2p187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-7925.2012v25n2p187
Sarangi, N. R., Babu, L. K., Kumar, A., Pradhan, C. R., Pati, P. K., & Mishra, J. P. (2016). Efeito da suplementação dietética de prebiótico, probiótico e simbiótico no desempenho de crescimento e características de carcaça de frangos de corte. Mundo Veterinário, 9(3), 313-319. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.313-319 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2016.313-319
Shanmugasundaram, R., Mortada, M., Murugesan, G. R., & Selvaraj, R. K. (2019). In vitro characterization and analysis of probiotic species in the chicken intestine by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Poultry Science, 98(11), 5840-5846. doi: 10.3382/ps/pez188 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pez188
Statistical Analysis Systems (2002). SAS version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc.
Sun, X. (2004). Broiler performance and intestinal alterations when fed drug-free diets. Master's dissertation of science in animal and poultry sciences, Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blachsburg, Virginia, USA.
Swanson, K. S., Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Reimer, R. A., Reid, G., Verbeke, K., Scott, K. P., Holscher, H. D., Azad, M. B., Delzenne, N. M., & Sanders, M. E. (2020). The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of synbiotics. Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 17(11), 687-701. doi: 10.1038/s41575-021-00440-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-020-0344-2
Valentim, J. K., Rodrigues, R. F. M., Bittencourt, T. M., Lima, H. J. A., & Resende, G. A. (2018). Implicações sobre o uso de promotores de crescimento na dieta de frangos de corte. Nutritime, 15(4), 8191- 8199.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Semina: Ciências Agrárias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias adopts the CC-BY-NC license for its publications, the copyright being held by the author, in cases of republication we recommend that authors indicate first publication in this journal.
This license allows you to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform and develop the material, as long as it is not for commercial purposes. And due credit must be given to the creator.
The opinions expressed by the authors of the articles are their sole responsibility.
The magazine reserves the right to make normative, orthographic and grammatical changes to the originals in order to maintain the cultured standard of the language and the credibility of the vehicle. However, it will respect the writing style of the authors. Changes, corrections or suggestions of a conceptual nature will be sent to the authors when necessary.
