Evaluating the browsing levels of Saanen, Honamli and Turkish Hair goats on saplings in a forest plantation area
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n4p1469Keywords:
Browsing, Forest, Goat, Planting, Sapling.Abstract
The study was conducted to investigate the comparatively the browsing levels of Honamli, Hair, and Saanen goats on saplings in a new forest plantation site for six months. Several treatments (fishing net, shading, food coloring, and raffia) were applied to saplings. Two years old 30 goats including 10 animals for each breed were used. There was a statistically significant difference among the breeds in terms of their browsing on untreated saplings (p < 0.05). While the effect of measurement month was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for both all treated saplings and untreated saplings, the observation time did not have a statistically significant effect (p < 0.05) except for saplings treated with shading. The maximum browsing was observed in saplings treated with raffia (89.28%), which was followed by those treated with food coloring (75.79%) and fishing net (75.39%), respectively. Additionally, damage rate of the saplings with shading (17.85%) in particular was significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to the other treated saplings. It was thought that results of this study would make contribution for issues of goat, sapling and forest from a different viewpoint. Considering that forest and goat are not alternative to each other and evaluating goats as a part of ecosystem will be useful to solving this problem.Downloads
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References
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Spinka, M. (2006). How important is natural behaviour in animal farming systems? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 100(1), 117-128. doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2006.04.006
Tolu, C., Yurtman, I. Y., Baytekin, H., Atasoglu, C., & Savas, T. (2012). Foraging strategies of goats in a pasture of wheat and shrubland. Animal Production Science, 52, 1069-1076. doi: 10.1071/AN11251
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Beker, A., Gipson, T. A., Puchala, R., Askar, A. R., Tesfai, K., Detweiler, G. D., Asmare, A., & Goetsch, A. L. (2009). Effects of stocking rate, breed, and stage of production on energy expenditure and activity of meat goat does on pasture. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 36(2), 159-174. doi: 10.1080/09712119. 2009.9707053
Carlucci, M. B., Streit, H., Duarte, L. D. S., & Pillar, V. D. (2012). Individual based trait analyses reveal assembly patterns in tree sapling communities. Journal of Vegetation Science, 23(1), 176-186. doi: 10.11 11/j.1654-1103.2011.01339.x
Catorci, A., Cesaretti, S., Malatesta, L., & Tardella, F. M. (2014). Effects of grazing vs mowing on the functional diversity of sub Mediterranean productive grasslands. Applied Vegetation Science, 17(4), 658-669. doi: 10.1111/avsc.12103
Chebli, Y., El Otmani, S., Chentouf, M., Hornick, J. L., Bindelle, J., & Cabaraux, J. F. (2020). Foraging behavior of goats browsing in Southern Mediterranean forest rangeland. Animals, 10(2), 196. doi: 10. 3390/ani10020196
Dellal, I., & Erkus, A. (2000). The economic analysis and planning of Hair goats rearing farms in Antalya province (nº 43). Agricultural Economic Resarch Institute.
Dziba, L. E., Scogings, P. F., Gordon, I. J., & Raats, J. G. (2003). The feeding height preferences of two goat breeds fed grewia occidentalis L. (Tiliaceae) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Small Ruminant Research, 47(1), 31-38. doi: 10.1016/S0921-4488(02)00234-1
El Aich, A., El Assouli, N., Fathi, A., Morand-fehr, P., & Bourbouze, A. (2007). Ingestive behavior of goats grazing in the Southwestern Argan (Argania spinosa) forest of Morocco. Small Ruminant Research, 70(2-3), 248-256. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2006.03.011
Evlagon, D., Kommisarchik, S., Gurevich, B., Leinweber, M., Nissan, Y., & Seligman, N. G. (2012). Estimating normative grazing capacity of planted Mediterranean forests in a fire prone environment. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 155, 133-141. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2012.04.010
Ford, H., Healey, J. R., Markesteijn, L., & Smith, A. R. (2018). How does grazing management influence the functional diversity of oak woodland ecosystems? A plant trait approach. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 258, 154-161. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2018.02.025
General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (2011). Domestic animal genetic resources in Turkey. GDARP.
Glasser, T. A., Landau, S. Y., Ungar, E. D., Perevolotsky, A., Dvash, L., Muklada, H., Kababya, D., & Walker, J. W. (2012). Foraging selectivity of three goat breeds in a Mediterranean shrubland. Small Ruminant Research, 102(1), 7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.09.009
Grogan, J., Pena-claros, M., & Gunter, S. (2011). Managing natural populations of Big-Leaf Mahogany. In S. Gunter, M. Weber, B. Stimm, & R. Mosandl (Eds.), Silviculture in the tropics (pp. 227-235). Berlin: Springer-Verlag.
Le Brocque, A. F., Goodhew, K. A., & Zammit, C. A. (2009). Overstorey tree density and understorey regrowth effects on plant composition: stand structure and floristic richness in grazed temperate woodlands in eastern Australia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 129, 17-27. doi: 10.1016/j. agee.2008.06.011
Lovreglio, R., Meddour-Sahar, O., & Leone, V. (2014). Goat grazing as a wildfire prevention tool: a basic review. iForest, 7, 260-268. doi: 10.3832/ifor1112-007
Mancilla-Leytón, J. M., Pino Mejjas, R., & Martín Vicente, A. (2013). Shrub vegetation consumption by goats in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula. Livestock Science, 153(1-3), 108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013. 02.010
Manousidis, T., Kyriazopoulos, A. P., Parissi, Z. M., Abraham, E. M., Korakis, G., & Abas, Z. (2016). Grazing behavior, forage selection and diet composition of goats in a Mediterranean woody rangeland. Small Ruminant Research, 145, 142-153. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.11.007
MINITAB (2019). 19.1.1 for Windows: State College, PA, USA: Minitab Inc.
Mohapatra, R. K., & Panda, S. (2013). Behavioural sampling techniques and activity pattern of Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Manidae) in captivity. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 5(17), 5247-5255. doi: 10.11609/JoTT.o3423.5247-55
Ngwa, A. T., Pone, D. K., & Mafeni, J. M. (2000). Feed selection and dietary preferences of forage by small ruminants grazing natural pastures in the Sahelian Zone of Cameroon. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 88(3-4), 253-266. doi: 10.1016/S0377-8401(00)00215-7
Papanastasis, V. P. (1986). Integrating goats into Mediterranean forests.Unasylva, 38, 44-52.
San Francisco Estuary Institute (2020). Livestock grazing and its effects on ecosystem structure, processes, and conservation. SFEI.
Soya, H. (2006). Goat grazing. In M. Kaymakci (Ed.), Goat breeding (pp. 159-173). Izmir, Turkish: Meta Printing Services.
Spinka, M. (2006). How important is natural behaviour in animal farming systems? Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 100(1), 117-128. doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2006.04.006
Tolu, C., Yurtman, I. Y., Baytekin, H., Atasoglu, C., & Savas, T. (2012). Foraging strategies of goats in a pasture of wheat and shrubland. Animal Production Science, 52, 1069-1076. doi: 10.1071/AN11251
Turkoglu, T., Bekiroglu, S., & Tolunay, A. (2016). Sustainable goat production in Turkey: current situation and solution proposals. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 17(2), 99-106. doi: 10.18182/t jf.49645
Wilder, T., Krieter, J., Kemper, N., & Buttner, K. (2021). Observing brief and irregular behaviour of animals The validity of short observation periods. Applied Sciences, 11, 9770. doi: 10.3390/app11209770
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Published
2022-04-25
How to Cite
Akbas, A. A., Elmaz, O., & Saatci, M. (2022). Evaluating the browsing levels of Saanen, Honamli and Turkish Hair goats on saplings in a forest plantation area. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 43(4), 1469–1480. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n4p1469
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