Metric and melodic variability in the versus of Paris BNF. Lat. 1139
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/boitata.2019v14.e38888Keywords:
Variability, Metric, Versus, Latin Poetry, Saint Martial de LimogesAbstract
The versus we find in the Paris, BnF, lat. 1139 (SM1) manuscript provide a fantastic means for studying the metrical forms developed in Aquitania at the end of the eleventh century. The concept of the ‘new song’, studied in great detail by Wulf Arlt and more recently by Margaret Switten, James Grier and Andreas Haug, designates a new kind of structure in the versus which can be identified through its metrical and melodic structures. This paper offers a systematic and exhaustive analysis of these internal structures in order to reveal how these compositions engage in formal experimentation. This in turn gives us an insight into the poetic ingenuity of eleventh-century composers. The notion of variability (and not irregularity) enables us to see how composition involved a range of conscious processes that can uncover the fixed patterns which marked the first steps towards the new poetic formulae that would define future medieval lyric. The formal features of the nova cantica use new methods for versification and these emerge from a moment when individual expression was becoming more and more sought after. The versus become a kind of metrical and melodic laboratory, a thermometer that shows us how the nova cantica came to beReferences
ARLT, Wulf. Sequencce and "Nues Lied". La sequenza medievale, Atti del Convegno Internazionale, Milano, 7-8 aprile, p. 3-18, 1984.
ARLT, Wulf. Nova Cantica -Grundsätzliches und Spezielles zur Interpretation musikalischer Texte des Mittelalters. Basler Jahrbuch für historiche Musikpraxis 10, p. 13-62, 1986.
ARLT, Wulf. Das Eine und die vielen Lieder: Zur historischen Stellung der neuen Liedkunst des frühen 12. Jahrhunderts. En: Festschrift Rudolf Bockholdt zum 60. Geburtstag, editado por Norbert Dubowy y Sören Meyer-Eller, p. 113-127. Pfaffenhofen: Ludwig, 1990.
ARLT, Wulf. Hymnus und "Neues Lied": Aspekte des Strophischen. Monumenta Monodica medii Aevi. Der lateinische Hymnus im Mittelalter, p. 133-136, 2004.
BJÖRKVALL, Gunilla; HAUG, Andreas. Altes Lied-Neues Lied. Thesen zur Transformation des Lateinischen Liedes um 1100. Actas del IV Congreso del «Internationales Mittellateinerkomitee», p. 539-550, 2002.
(2012): 211-308.
CAMPRUBÍ, Adriana. Consideraciones métrico-melódicas sobre el versus tripertitus caudatus. Critica del Testo XXII / 1, 2019.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. L’École musicale de Saint Martial de Limoges: jusqu’à la fin du XIe siècle. París: Les Livres Essentiels, 1960.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. Les premiers troubadours et les versus de l’école d’Aquitaine». Romania 76 (1955): 212-239.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. Les anciens tropaires et séquentiaires de l'école de Saint-Martial de Limoges (Xe-XIe S.)». Études Grégorienns, 2 (1957): 163-188.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. L’École musicale de Saint Martial de Limoges: jusqu’à la fin du XIe siècle. París: Les Livres Essentiels, 1960.
COUSSEMAKER, Edmond. Histoire de l'harmonie au moyen age. Paris: V. Didron, 1852.
DE ALESSI, Giorgio. Repertorio metrico del ms. della B. N. Lat. 1139. Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica 13, p. 83-128, 1972.
DE POERCK, Guy. «Le Ms. Paris, BNF, lat. 1139 [Étude codicologique d'un recueil factice de pièces paraliturgiques (XIe-XIIIe siècle)]». Scriptorium 23, n.°2, p. 298-312, 1969.
FULLER, Sarah. Aquitanian polyphony of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. 2 vol. Tesis doctoral. University of California, 1969.
GRIER, James. The Stemma of the Aquitanian Versaria. Journal of the American Musicological Society 41, n.º 2, p. 250-288, 1988.
GRIER, James. Some Codicological Observations on the Aquitanian Versaria. Musica Disciplina 44, p. 5-56, 1990).
GRIER, James. Scribal Practices in the Aquitanian Versaria of the Twelfth Century: Towards a Typology of Error and Variant. Journal of the American Musicological Society 45, n.º 3, p. 373-427, 1992.
GRIER, James. A New Voice in the Monastery: Tropes and Versus from Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Aquitaine. Speculum 69, n. 1023-1069, 1994.
LLEWELLYN, Jeremy. Nova Cantica. En: The Cambridge History of Medieval Music, editado por Mark Everist y Thomas Kelly, 147-175. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
NORBERG, Dag. Introduction a l'étude de la versification latine médiévale. Stockholm: Almquist & Wiksell, 1958.
PARIS, Gaston. «Lettre à Mr Léon Gautier sur la versification latine rhythmique». Bibliothèque de l'École de Chartres 27 (1866): 578-610.
RAILLARD, Félix. Recueil de 32 chants religieux extraits dun Manuscrit du XIe Siècle. Paris: E. Repos, s.d.
ROSSELL, Antoni. Anisosilabismo: Regularidad, Irregularidad o Punto de Vista?. En: Actas do IV Congreso de la Associaçao Hispânica de Literatura Medieval, P. 131-137. Lisboa: Cosmos, 1991.
ROSSELL, Antoni. Transmisión oral en la edición textual: El Cantar de mio Cid, de la experiencia práctica a la edición. Reflexiones de un juglar. Atalaya 15, p. 1-9, 2015.
SPANKE, Hans. St. Martial-Studien. Ein Beitrag zur frühromanischen Metrik. Zeitschrift für französische Sprach und Literatur 54, p. 282-317, 385-422, 1931.
SPANKE, Hans. Rhytmen- und Sequenzenstudien. Studi Medievali 4 (1931): 286-320.
SPANKE, Hans. Zur Formenkunst des ältesten Troubadours. Studi medievali 7 (1934): 72-84.
SPANKE, Hans. Sequenz und Lai. Studi medievali 11 (1938): 12-68.
SWITTEN, Margaret. Modèle et variations: Saint-Martial de Limoges et les troubadours. Contacts de langues, de civilisations et intertextualité. IIIème Congrès international de l'Association internationale d'études occitanes, Montpellier II, p. 679-96, 1992.
SWITTEN, Margaret. Versus and troubadours around 1100: A comparative study of refrain technique in the 'New Song'. Plainsong & Medieval Music 16, n.º 2, p. 91-143, 2007.
TREITLER, Leo. The Aquitanian repertories of sacred monody in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Tesis doctoral. Princeton University, 1967.
TREITLER, Leo. Medieval Lyric. En: Models of Musical Analysis: Music Before 1600, editado por Mark Everis, 1-19. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1992.
WOLF, Ferdinand. Über die Lais, Sequenzen und Leiche: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Rhythmischen formen und Singweisen der Volkslieder und der Volksmässigen kirchen und Kunstlieder im Mittelalter. Heidelberg: Akademische Verlagsbuchhandlung von C.F. Winter, 1841.
ARLT, Wulf. Nova Cantica -Grundsätzliches und Spezielles zur Interpretation musikalischer Texte des Mittelalters. Basler Jahrbuch für historiche Musikpraxis 10, p. 13-62, 1986.
ARLT, Wulf. Das Eine und die vielen Lieder: Zur historischen Stellung der neuen Liedkunst des frühen 12. Jahrhunderts. En: Festschrift Rudolf Bockholdt zum 60. Geburtstag, editado por Norbert Dubowy y Sören Meyer-Eller, p. 113-127. Pfaffenhofen: Ludwig, 1990.
ARLT, Wulf. Hymnus und "Neues Lied": Aspekte des Strophischen. Monumenta Monodica medii Aevi. Der lateinische Hymnus im Mittelalter, p. 133-136, 2004.
BJÖRKVALL, Gunilla; HAUG, Andreas. Altes Lied-Neues Lied. Thesen zur Transformation des Lateinischen Liedes um 1100. Actas del IV Congreso del «Internationales Mittellateinerkomitee», p. 539-550, 2002.
(2012): 211-308.
CAMPRUBÍ, Adriana. Consideraciones métrico-melódicas sobre el versus tripertitus caudatus. Critica del Testo XXII / 1, 2019.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. L’École musicale de Saint Martial de Limoges: jusqu’à la fin du XIe siècle. París: Les Livres Essentiels, 1960.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. Les premiers troubadours et les versus de l’école d’Aquitaine». Romania 76 (1955): 212-239.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. Les anciens tropaires et séquentiaires de l'école de Saint-Martial de Limoges (Xe-XIe S.)». Études Grégorienns, 2 (1957): 163-188.
CHAILLEY, Jaques. L’École musicale de Saint Martial de Limoges: jusqu’à la fin du XIe siècle. París: Les Livres Essentiels, 1960.
COUSSEMAKER, Edmond. Histoire de l'harmonie au moyen age. Paris: V. Didron, 1852.
DE ALESSI, Giorgio. Repertorio metrico del ms. della B. N. Lat. 1139. Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica 13, p. 83-128, 1972.
DE POERCK, Guy. «Le Ms. Paris, BNF, lat. 1139 [Étude codicologique d'un recueil factice de pièces paraliturgiques (XIe-XIIIe siècle)]». Scriptorium 23, n.°2, p. 298-312, 1969.
FULLER, Sarah. Aquitanian polyphony of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. 2 vol. Tesis doctoral. University of California, 1969.
GRIER, James. The Stemma of the Aquitanian Versaria. Journal of the American Musicological Society 41, n.º 2, p. 250-288, 1988.
GRIER, James. Some Codicological Observations on the Aquitanian Versaria. Musica Disciplina 44, p. 5-56, 1990).
GRIER, James. Scribal Practices in the Aquitanian Versaria of the Twelfth Century: Towards a Typology of Error and Variant. Journal of the American Musicological Society 45, n.º 3, p. 373-427, 1992.
GRIER, James. A New Voice in the Monastery: Tropes and Versus from Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Aquitaine. Speculum 69, n. 1023-1069, 1994.
LLEWELLYN, Jeremy. Nova Cantica. En: The Cambridge History of Medieval Music, editado por Mark Everist y Thomas Kelly, 147-175. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
NORBERG, Dag. Introduction a l'étude de la versification latine médiévale. Stockholm: Almquist & Wiksell, 1958.
PARIS, Gaston. «Lettre à Mr Léon Gautier sur la versification latine rhythmique». Bibliothèque de l'École de Chartres 27 (1866): 578-610.
RAILLARD, Félix. Recueil de 32 chants religieux extraits dun Manuscrit du XIe Siècle. Paris: E. Repos, s.d.
ROSSELL, Antoni. Anisosilabismo: Regularidad, Irregularidad o Punto de Vista?. En: Actas do IV Congreso de la Associaçao Hispânica de Literatura Medieval, P. 131-137. Lisboa: Cosmos, 1991.
ROSSELL, Antoni. Transmisión oral en la edición textual: El Cantar de mio Cid, de la experiencia práctica a la edición. Reflexiones de un juglar. Atalaya 15, p. 1-9, 2015.
SPANKE, Hans. St. Martial-Studien. Ein Beitrag zur frühromanischen Metrik. Zeitschrift für französische Sprach und Literatur 54, p. 282-317, 385-422, 1931.
SPANKE, Hans. Rhytmen- und Sequenzenstudien. Studi Medievali 4 (1931): 286-320.
SPANKE, Hans. Zur Formenkunst des ältesten Troubadours. Studi medievali 7 (1934): 72-84.
SPANKE, Hans. Sequenz und Lai. Studi medievali 11 (1938): 12-68.
SWITTEN, Margaret. Modèle et variations: Saint-Martial de Limoges et les troubadours. Contacts de langues, de civilisations et intertextualité. IIIème Congrès international de l'Association internationale d'études occitanes, Montpellier II, p. 679-96, 1992.
SWITTEN, Margaret. Versus and troubadours around 1100: A comparative study of refrain technique in the 'New Song'. Plainsong & Medieval Music 16, n.º 2, p. 91-143, 2007.
TREITLER, Leo. The Aquitanian repertories of sacred monody in the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Tesis doctoral. Princeton University, 1967.
TREITLER, Leo. Medieval Lyric. En: Models of Musical Analysis: Music Before 1600, editado por Mark Everis, 1-19. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1992.
WOLF, Ferdinand. Über die Lais, Sequenzen und Leiche: ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Rhythmischen formen und Singweisen der Volkslieder und der Volksmässigen kirchen und Kunstlieder im Mittelalter. Heidelberg: Akademische Verlagsbuchhandlung von C.F. Winter, 1841.
Published
2019-11-19
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Vinyals, A. . C. (2019). Metric and melodic variability in the versus of Paris BNF. Lat. 1139. Boitatá, 14(28), 87–116. https://doi.org/10.5433/boitata.2019v14.e38888
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