Productivity and profitability of maize as affected by nitrogen sources and rates
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n4p1457Keywords:
Zea mays, Economic analysis, Nitrogen fertilizers, Grain yield.Abstract
The use of nitrogen sources that reduce N losses can be an adequate management strategy to increase the economic and environmental sustainability of maize. This study was carried out aiming to evaluate the effects of nitrogen sources and rates on grain productivity and profitability of the maize crop. The study was carried out in the field, on a Nitossolo Vermelho clayed soil, during the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 growing seasons. The experimental design was a randomized block, with treatments arranged in split plots. Four nitrogen sources were tested in the main plots: conventional urea, protected urea, urea with nitrification inhibitor and urea with urease inhibitor. Four nitrogen rates were tested in the split plots: 0, 140, 280 and 420 kg of N ha-1. The four nitrogen sources did not present differences in grain productivity. Grain yield ranged from 3,2 a 15,9 Mg ha-1. It presented a quadratic response to nitrogen rates at both growing seasons. Maximum yields were obtained at the theoretical rates of 405 and 411 kg N ha-1, in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively. Maximum profitability indexes were gathered by the combination of 378 kg N ha-1 with conventional urea and 278 kg N ha-1 of urea with urease inhibitor, in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, respectively.Downloads
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References
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Teixeira, M. C. M., Fº., Tarsitano, M. A. A., Buzetti, S., Bertolin, D. C., Colombo, A. D. S., & Nascimento, V. D. (2010). Análise econômica da adubação nitrogenada em trigo irrigado sob plantio direto no cerrado. Revista Ceres, 57(4), 446-453. doi: 10.1590/S0034-737X2010000400002
Trenkel, M. E. (2010). Slow and controlled release and stabilized fertilizers: an option for enhancing nutrient use efficiency in agriculture. IFA, International Fertilizer Industry Association. Retrieved from https://b-ok.cc/book/2978339/d8fbf3
Zhang, W., Liang, Z., He, X., Wang, X., Shi, X., Zou, C., & Chen, X. (2019). The effects of controlled release urea on maize productivity and reactive nitrogen losses: a meta analysis. Environmental Pollution, 246, 559-565. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.059
Cantarella, H., Otto, R., Soares, J. R., & Silva, A. G. B. (2018). Agronomic efficiency of NBPT as a urease inhibitor: A review. Journal of Advanced Research, 13, 19-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.05.008
Coelho, A. E., Sangoi, L., Balbinot, A. A. Jr., Kuneski, H. F., & Martins, M. C., Jr. (2022). Nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of maize hybrids as affected by nitrogen rates and sowing dates in subtropical environment. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 46, 2022. doi: 10.36783/18069657rbcs20210087
Coelho, A. E., Sangoi, L., Balbinot, A. A. B. Jr., Fioreze, S. L., Berghetti, J., Kuneski, H. F., Leolato, L. S. & Martins Júnior, M. C. (2020). Growth patterns and yield of maize (Zea mays) hybrids as affected by nitrogen rate and sowing date in southern Brazil. Crop and Pasture Science, 71(12), 976-986. doi: 10.10 71/CP20077
Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (2020). Custos de produção. http://www.conab.gov.br
Comissão de Química e Fertilidade do Solo, RS/SC (2016). Manual de calagem e adubação para os estados do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina. Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo/Núcleo Regional Sul.
Frazão, J. J., Silva, Á. R. D., Silva, V. L. D., Oliveira, V. A., & Corrêa, R. S. (2014). Fertilizantes nitrogenados de eficiência aumentada e ureia na cultura do milho. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, 18(12), 1262-1267. doi: 10.1590/1807-1929
Gourevitch, J. D., Keeler, B. L., & Ricketts, T. H. (2018). Determining socially optimal rates of nitrogen fertilizer application. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 254, 292-299. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2017. 12.002
Heffer, P., & Prud’homme, M. (2016). Short term fertilizer outlook 2016-2017. International Fertilizer Industry Association.
Jamali, H., Quayle, W., Scheer, C., Rowlings, D., & Baldock, J. (2016). Effect of soil texture and wheat plants on N2O fluxes: a lysimeter study. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 223, 17-29. doi: 10.1016/j. agrformet.2016.03.022
Kaneko, F. H., Arf, O., Gitti, D. D. C., Arf, M. V., Chioderoli, C. A., & Kappes, C. (2010). Manejo do solo e do nitrogênio em milho cultivado em espaçamentos reduzido e tradicional. Revista Bragantia, 69(3), 677-686. doi: 10.1590/S1983-40632013000100002
Keeler, B. L., Gourevitch, J. D., Polasky, S., Isbell, F., Tessum, C. W., Hill, J. D., & Marshall, J. D. (2016). The social costs of nitrogen. Science Advances, 2(10), e1600219. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1600219
Martin, N. B., Serra, R., Oliveira, M. D. M., Ângelo, J. A., & Okawa, H. (1997). Sistema “CUSTAGRI”: sistema integrado de custos agropecuários. IEA/SAA. http://www.iea.sp.gov.br/ftpiea/ie/1998/tec1-01 98. pdf
McCarty, G. W. (1999). Modes of action of nitrification inhibitors. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 29(1), 1-9. doi: 10.1007/s003740050518
Mota, M. R., Sangoi, L., Schenatto, D. E., Giordani, W., Boniatti, C. M., & Dall'Igna, L. (2015). Fontes estabilizadas de nitrogênio como alternativa para aumentar o rendimento de grãos e a eficiência de uso do nitrogênio pelo milho. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 39(2), 512-522. doi: 10.1590/01000683 rbcs20140308
Pelster, D. E., Watt, D., Strachan, I. B., Rochette, P., Bertrand, N., & Chantigny, M. H. (2019). Effects of initial soil moisture, clod size, and clay content on ammonia volatilization after subsurface band application of urea. Journal of Environmental Quality, 48(3), 549-558. doi: 10.2134/jeq2018.09.0344
Ribeiro, R. H., Besen, M. R., Simon, P. L., Bayer, C., & Piva, J. T. (2020). Enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers reduce winter losses of nitrous oxide, but not of ammonia, from no till soil in a subtropical agroecosystem. Soil Use and Management, 36(3), 420-428. doi: 10.1111/sum.12575
Ritchie, S. W., Hanway, J. J., & Benson, G. O. (1993). How a corn plant develops? Iowa State University of Science and Technology. http://www.soilcropandmore.info/crops/Corn/How-Corn-Grows/index.htm
Sangoi, L., Schmitt, A., Durli, M. M., Leolato, L. S., Coelho, A. E., Kuneski, H. F., & Oliveira, V. D. L. (2019). Estratégias de manejo do arranjo de plantas visando otimizar a produtividade de grãos do milho. Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo, 18(1), 47-60. doi: 10.18512/1980-6477/rbms.v18n1p47-60
Souza, J. A. D., Buzetti, S., Tarsitano, M. A. A., & Valderrama, M. (2012). Lucratividade do milho em razão das fontes, doses e épocas de aplicação de nitrogênio. Revista Ceres, 59(3), 321-329. doi: 10.1590/S0034-737X2012000300005
Teixeira, M. C. M., Fº., Tarsitano, M. A. A., Buzetti, S., Bertolin, D. C., Colombo, A. D. S., & Nascimento, V. D. (2010). Análise econômica da adubação nitrogenada em trigo irrigado sob plantio direto no cerrado. Revista Ceres, 57(4), 446-453. doi: 10.1590/S0034-737X2010000400002
Trenkel, M. E. (2010). Slow and controlled release and stabilized fertilizers: an option for enhancing nutrient use efficiency in agriculture. IFA, International Fertilizer Industry Association. Retrieved from https://b-ok.cc/book/2978339/d8fbf3
Zhang, W., Liang, Z., He, X., Wang, X., Shi, X., Zou, C., & Chen, X. (2019). The effects of controlled release urea on maize productivity and reactive nitrogen losses: a meta analysis. Environmental Pollution, 246, 559-565. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.059
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Published
2022-04-25
How to Cite
Mergener, R. A., Sangoi, L., & Coelho, A. E. (2022). Productivity and profitability of maize as affected by nitrogen sources and rates. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 43(4), 1457–1468. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n4p1457
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