Effect of grazing management strategies on the yield and nutritional value of Marandu grass in the semiarid of Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n4p2503Keywords:
Cattle, Degradability, Morphology, Sward height, Urochloa brizantha.Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two grazing management strategies on structural, productive and nutritional parameters of Marandu grass (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu). A completely randomized block design with two pasture management strategies and eight replications (blocks) was used. The grazing management strategies were: (1) low intensity rotational grazing (LI), with a pre-grazing sward height of 40 cm and a post-grazing sward height of 24 cm, i.e., a defoliation intensity of 50%; (2) High intensity rotational grazing (HI), with a pre-grazing sward height of 40 cm and a post-grazing sward height of 10 cm (±70% defoliation intensity). Pastures were sampled before and after grazing for estimation of forage mass, forage accumulation rate, structural characteristics, nutritional value and dry matter intake. The LI strategy resulted in higher dry matter production than HI before (18.33%) and after grazing (49.06%), increasing pre-grazing forage density by 13.21% (P < 0.05). The production of potentially digestible dry matter was highest (P < 0.05) in LI strategy (21.3% before and 39.6% after grazing, respectively). Higher post-grazing green forage mass (45%) increased the residual crude protein in LI. The LI management strategy increased forage mass production and can be used in Marandu grass pastures.Downloads
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References
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Barbero, R. P., Malheiros, E. B., Araújo, T. L. R., Nave, R. L. G., Mulliniks, J. T., Berchielli, T. T.,… Reis, R. A. (2015). Combining Marandu grass grazing height and supplementation level to optimize growth and productivity of yearling bulls. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 209(1), 110-118. doi: 10. 10 16/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.010
Barbero, R. P., Barbosa, M. A. A. F., Castro, L. M., Ribeiro, E. L. A., Mizubuti, I. Y., Massaro, F. L., Jr., & Silva, L. D. F. da. (2012). Comportamento ingestivo de novilhos de corte sob diferentes alturas de pastejo do capim Tanzânia. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 33(2), 3287-3294. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.20 12v33Supl2p3287
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Cardoso, A. S., Barbero, R. P., Romanzini, E. P., Teobaldo, R. W., Ongaratto, F., Fernandes, M. H. M. R.,… Reis, R. A. (2020). Intensification: a key strategy to achieve great animal and environmental beef cattle production sustainability in brachiaria grasslands. Sustainability, 12(16), 6656. doi: 10.3390/su1216665 6
Carvalho, P. C. F. (2013). Harry stobbs memorial lecture: can grazing behavior support innovations in grassland management? Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales, 1(2), 137-155. doi: 10.17138/tgft(1) 137-155
Davies, D. A., Futhergill, M., & Morgam, C. T. (1993). Assessment of contrasting perennial ryegrasses with and white clover, under continuous stocking in the uplands. 5. Herbage production, quality and intake in years 4-6. Grass and Forage Science, 48(1), 213-222. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.1993.tb01854.x
Detmann, E., Valente, E. E. L., Batista, E. D., & Huhtanen, P. (2014). An evaluation of the performance and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle fed tropical grass pastures with supplementation. Livestock Science, 162(1), 141-153. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.01.029
Detmann, E., Souza, M. A., Valadares, S. C., Fo., Queiroz, A. C., Berchielli, T. T., Saliba, E. O. S.,... Azevedo, J. A. G. (2012). Methods for food analysis. Visconde do Rio Branco. Suprema.
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McMeniman, N. P. (1997). Methods of estimating intake of grazing animals. Anais do Simpósio Sobretópicos Especiais em Zootecnia, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.
Mertens, D. R. & Loften, J. R. 1980. The effects of starch on forage fiber digestion kinetics in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 63(9), 1437-46. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)83101-8
Monção, F. P., Costa, M. A. M. S., Rigueira, J. P. S., Moura, M. M. A., Rocha, V. R. Jr., Mesquita, V. G.,… Chamone, J. M. A. (2019). Yield and nutritional value of BRS capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages. Semina Ciências Agrárias, 41(5), 745-755. doi: 10. 5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p2045
Monção, F. P., Costa, M. A. M. S., Rigueira, J. P. S., Sales, E. C. J., Leal, D. B., Silva, M. F. P.,… Rocha. V. R. Jr. (2020). Productivity and nutritional value of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum) managed at four regrowth ages in a semiarid region. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52(1), 235-241. doi: 10. 1007/s11250-019-02012-y
Nantes, N. N., Euclides, V. P. B., Montagner, D. B., Lempp, B., Barbosa, R. A., & Gois, P. O. (2013). Desempenho animal e características de pastos de capim piatã submetidos a diferentes intensidades de pastejo. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 48(1), 114-121. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2013000100015
Oliveira, A. P., Casagrande, D. R., Bertipaglia, L. M. A., Barbero, R. P., Berchielli, T. T., Ruggieri, A. C., & Reis, R. A. (2015). Supplementation for beef cattle on Marandu grass pastures with different herbage allowances. Animal Production Science, 56(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1071/AN14636
Orskov, E. R., & McDonald, J. (1979). The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate passage. Journal of Agriculture Science, 92(2), 499-503. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600063048
Paulino, M. F., Detmann, E., & Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2006). Suplementação animal em pasto: energética ou protéica? Anais do Simpósio Sobre Manejo Estratégico da Pastagem, Viçosa, MG, Brasil, 3.
Queiroz, F. E., Rocha, V. R. Jr., Monção, F. P., Rigueira, J. P. S., Parrella, R. A. C., Rufino, L. D. A.,... Cordeiro, M. W. S. (2021). Effect of row spacing and maturity at harvest on the fermentative profile, aerobic stability, and nutritional characteristics of biomass sorghum (BRS 716) silage in the semiarid region of Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 50(1), e20200254. doi: 10.37496/rbz502020 0254
Rabelo, W. O., Rocha, V. R., Jr., Monção, F. P., Costa, N. M., Rigueira, J. P. S., Souza, B. P.,... Pires, D. A. A. (2020). Effect of different roughage sources associated banana pseudostem hay on the nutritional and behavioral parameters and performance of F1 Holstein/Zebu lactation cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52(6), 3769-3780. doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02414-3
Ramos, J. C. P., Rocha, V. R., Jr., Monção, F. P., Parrela, R. A. C., Caxito, A. M., Cordeiro, M. W. S.,... Pires, D. A. A. (2021). Effect of replacing forage sorghum silage with biomass sorghumsilage in diets for F1 Holstein × Zebu lactating cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 53(1), 99-111. doi: 10. 1007/s11250-020-02503-3
Reis, R. A., Ruggieri, A. C., Oliveira, A. A., Azenha, M. V., & Casagrande, D. R. (2012). Suplementação como estratégia de produção de carne de qualidade em pastagens tropicais. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 13(3), 642-655. doi: 10.1590/S1519-99402012000300005
Rodrigues, R. C., Lana, R. D. P., Cutrim, J. A. A., Jr., Sanchês, S. S. C., Galvão, C. M. L., Sousa, T. V. R. D., & Jesus, A. P. R. D. (2014). Acúmulo de forragem e estrutura do dossel do capim-xaraés submetido a intensidades de cortes. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 15(4), 815-826. doi: 10.1590/ S1519-99402014000400002
Santos, P. M., Primavesi, O. M., & Bernardi, A. C. C. (2010). Adubação de pastagens. In A. V. Pires (Ed.)., Bovinocultura de corte (pp. 459-472). Piracicaba: Fealq.
Savian, J. V., Schons, R. M. T., Marchi, D. E., Freitas, T. S., Silva, G. F., Neto, Mezzalira, J. C.,... Carvalho, P. C. F. (2018). Rotatinuous stocking: a grazing management innovation that has high potential to mitigate methane emissions by sheep. Journal of Cleaner Production, 186(1), 602-608. doi: 10.1016/j. jclepro.2018.03.162
Schons, R. M. T., Laca, E. A., Savian, E. A., Mezzalira, J. C., Schneider, E. A. N., Caetano, L. A. M.,... Carvalho, P. C. F. (2021). ‘Rotatinuous’ stocking: An innovation in grazing management to foster both herbage and animal production. Livestock Science, 245(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104406
Silva, S. C. da, Gimenes, F. M. A., Sarmento, D. O. L., Sbrissia, A. F., Oliveira, D. E., Hernadez-Garay, A., & Pires, A. V. (2013). Grazing behaviour, herbage intake and animal performance of beef cattle heifers on Marandu palisade grass subjected to intensities of continuous stocking management. Journal of Agricultural Science, 151(5), 727-739. doi: 10.1017/S0021859612000858
Valente, T. N. P., Detmann, E., Queiroz, A. C., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Gomes, D. I., & Filgueiras, J. F. (2011). Evaluation of rumen degradation profiles of forages using bags made from different textiles. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(11), 2565-2573. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011001100039
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Ecologia nutricional do ruminante (2a ed.). Nova Iorque, EUA: Imprensa da Universidade de Cornell.
Waldo, D. R.; Smith, L. W. & Cox, L. E. 1972. Model of cellulose disappearance from the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science, 55(1), 125-9. doi.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(72)85442-0
Weiss, W. P. (1998). Estimating the available energy content of feeds for dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 81(3), 830-839. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75641-3
Antunes, F. Z. (1986). Caracterização climática do Estado de Minas Gerais. Informe Agropecuário, 12(139), 9-13. Recupeado de http://189.80.133.54:8080/consulta/busca?b=ad&id=6697&biblioteca=vazio& busca= assunto: Clima&qFacets=assunto:Clima&sort=&paginacao=t&paginaAtual=1
Barbero, R. P., Malheiros, E. B., Aguilar, N. M., Romanzini, E. P., Ferrari, A. C., Nave, R. G.,... Reis, R. A. (2020). Supplementation level increasing dry matter intake of beef cattle grazing low herbage height. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 48(1), 28-33. doi: 10.1080/09712119.2020.1715985
Barbero, R. P., Malheiros, E. B., Araújo, T. L. R., Nave, R. L. G., Mulliniks, J. T., Berchielli, T. T.,… Reis, R. A. (2015). Combining Marandu grass grazing height and supplementation level to optimize growth and productivity of yearling bulls. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 209(1), 110-118. doi: 10. 10 16/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.010
Barbero, R. P., Barbosa, M. A. A. F., Castro, L. M., Ribeiro, E. L. A., Mizubuti, I. Y., Massaro, F. L., Jr., & Silva, L. D. F. da. (2012). Comportamento ingestivo de novilhos de corte sob diferentes alturas de pastejo do capim Tanzânia. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 33(2), 3287-3294. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.20 12v33Supl2p3287
Borges, L. D. A., Rocha, V. R., Jr., Monção, F. P., Soares, C., Ruas, J. R. M., Silva, F. V.,... Rabelo, W. O. (2019). Nutritional and productive parameters of Holstein/Zebu cows fed diets containing cactus pear. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 32(9), 1373-1380. doi: 10.5713/ajas.18.0584
Cardoso, A. S., Barbero, R. P., Romanzini, E. P., Teobaldo, R. W., Ongaratto, F., Fernandes, M. H. M. R.,… Reis, R. A. (2020). Intensification: a key strategy to achieve great animal and environmental beef cattle production sustainability in brachiaria grasslands. Sustainability, 12(16), 6656. doi: 10.3390/su1216665 6
Carvalho, P. C. F. (2013). Harry stobbs memorial lecture: can grazing behavior support innovations in grassland management? Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales, 1(2), 137-155. doi: 10.17138/tgft(1) 137-155
Davies, D. A., Futhergill, M., & Morgam, C. T. (1993). Assessment of contrasting perennial ryegrasses with and white clover, under continuous stocking in the uplands. 5. Herbage production, quality and intake in years 4-6. Grass and Forage Science, 48(1), 213-222. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2494.1993.tb01854.x
Detmann, E., Valente, E. E. L., Batista, E. D., & Huhtanen, P. (2014). An evaluation of the performance and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle fed tropical grass pastures with supplementation. Livestock Science, 162(1), 141-153. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.01.029
Detmann, E., Souza, M. A., Valadares, S. C., Fo., Queiroz, A. C., Berchielli, T. T., Saliba, E. O. S.,... Azevedo, J. A. G. (2012). Methods for food analysis. Visconde do Rio Branco. Suprema.
Koscheck, J. F. W., Romanzini, E. P., Barbero, R. P., Delevatti, L. M., Ferrari, A. C., Mulliniks, J. T.,... Reis, R. A. (2020). How do animal performance and methane emissions vary with forage management intensification and supplementation? Animal Production Science, 60(9), 1201-1209. doi: 10.1071/AN1 8712
McMeniman, N. P. (1997). Methods of estimating intake of grazing animals. Anais do Simpósio Sobretópicos Especiais em Zootecnia, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil.
Mertens, D. R. & Loften, J. R. 1980. The effects of starch on forage fiber digestion kinetics in vitro. Journal of Dairy Science, 63(9), 1437-46. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(80)83101-8
Monção, F. P., Costa, M. A. M. S., Rigueira, J. P. S., Moura, M. M. A., Rocha, V. R. Jr., Mesquita, V. G.,… Chamone, J. M. A. (2019). Yield and nutritional value of BRS capiaçu grass at different regrowth ages. Semina Ciências Agrárias, 41(5), 745-755. doi: 10. 5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p2045
Monção, F. P., Costa, M. A. M. S., Rigueira, J. P. S., Sales, E. C. J., Leal, D. B., Silva, M. F. P.,… Rocha. V. R. Jr. (2020). Productivity and nutritional value of BRS capiaçu grass (Pennisetum purpureum) managed at four regrowth ages in a semiarid region. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52(1), 235-241. doi: 10. 1007/s11250-019-02012-y
Nantes, N. N., Euclides, V. P. B., Montagner, D. B., Lempp, B., Barbosa, R. A., & Gois, P. O. (2013). Desempenho animal e características de pastos de capim piatã submetidos a diferentes intensidades de pastejo. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 48(1), 114-121. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2013000100015
Oliveira, A. P., Casagrande, D. R., Bertipaglia, L. M. A., Barbero, R. P., Berchielli, T. T., Ruggieri, A. C., & Reis, R. A. (2015). Supplementation for beef cattle on Marandu grass pastures with different herbage allowances. Animal Production Science, 56(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1071/AN14636
Orskov, E. R., & McDonald, J. (1979). The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate passage. Journal of Agriculture Science, 92(2), 499-503. doi: 10.1017/S0021859600063048
Paulino, M. F., Detmann, E., & Valadares, S. C., Fº. (2006). Suplementação animal em pasto: energética ou protéica? Anais do Simpósio Sobre Manejo Estratégico da Pastagem, Viçosa, MG, Brasil, 3.
Queiroz, F. E., Rocha, V. R. Jr., Monção, F. P., Rigueira, J. P. S., Parrella, R. A. C., Rufino, L. D. A.,... Cordeiro, M. W. S. (2021). Effect of row spacing and maturity at harvest on the fermentative profile, aerobic stability, and nutritional characteristics of biomass sorghum (BRS 716) silage in the semiarid region of Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 50(1), e20200254. doi: 10.37496/rbz502020 0254
Rabelo, W. O., Rocha, V. R., Jr., Monção, F. P., Costa, N. M., Rigueira, J. P. S., Souza, B. P.,... Pires, D. A. A. (2020). Effect of different roughage sources associated banana pseudostem hay on the nutritional and behavioral parameters and performance of F1 Holstein/Zebu lactation cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52(6), 3769-3780. doi: 10.1007/s11250-020-02414-3
Ramos, J. C. P., Rocha, V. R., Jr., Monção, F. P., Parrela, R. A. C., Caxito, A. M., Cordeiro, M. W. S.,... Pires, D. A. A. (2021). Effect of replacing forage sorghum silage with biomass sorghumsilage in diets for F1 Holstein × Zebu lactating cows. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 53(1), 99-111. doi: 10. 1007/s11250-020-02503-3
Reis, R. A., Ruggieri, A. C., Oliveira, A. A., Azenha, M. V., & Casagrande, D. R. (2012). Suplementação como estratégia de produção de carne de qualidade em pastagens tropicais. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 13(3), 642-655. doi: 10.1590/S1519-99402012000300005
Rodrigues, R. C., Lana, R. D. P., Cutrim, J. A. A., Jr., Sanchês, S. S. C., Galvão, C. M. L., Sousa, T. V. R. D., & Jesus, A. P. R. D. (2014). Acúmulo de forragem e estrutura do dossel do capim-xaraés submetido a intensidades de cortes. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 15(4), 815-826. doi: 10.1590/ S1519-99402014000400002
Santos, P. M., Primavesi, O. M., & Bernardi, A. C. C. (2010). Adubação de pastagens. In A. V. Pires (Ed.)., Bovinocultura de corte (pp. 459-472). Piracicaba: Fealq.
Savian, J. V., Schons, R. M. T., Marchi, D. E., Freitas, T. S., Silva, G. F., Neto, Mezzalira, J. C.,... Carvalho, P. C. F. (2018). Rotatinuous stocking: a grazing management innovation that has high potential to mitigate methane emissions by sheep. Journal of Cleaner Production, 186(1), 602-608. doi: 10.1016/j. jclepro.2018.03.162
Schons, R. M. T., Laca, E. A., Savian, E. A., Mezzalira, J. C., Schneider, E. A. N., Caetano, L. A. M.,... Carvalho, P. C. F. (2021). ‘Rotatinuous’ stocking: An innovation in grazing management to foster both herbage and animal production. Livestock Science, 245(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2021.104406
Silva, S. C. da, Gimenes, F. M. A., Sarmento, D. O. L., Sbrissia, A. F., Oliveira, D. E., Hernadez-Garay, A., & Pires, A. V. (2013). Grazing behaviour, herbage intake and animal performance of beef cattle heifers on Marandu palisade grass subjected to intensities of continuous stocking management. Journal of Agricultural Science, 151(5), 727-739. doi: 10.1017/S0021859612000858
Valente, T. N. P., Detmann, E., Queiroz, A. C., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Gomes, D. I., & Filgueiras, J. F. (2011). Evaluation of rumen degradation profiles of forages using bags made from different textiles. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(11), 2565-2573. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011001100039
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Ecologia nutricional do ruminante (2a ed.). Nova Iorque, EUA: Imprensa da Universidade de Cornell.
Waldo, D. R.; Smith, L. W. & Cox, L. E. 1972. Model of cellulose disappearance from the rumen. Journal of Dairy Science, 55(1), 125-9. doi.10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(72)85442-0
Weiss, W. P. (1998). Estimating the available energy content of feeds for dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 81(3), 830-839. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(98)75641-3
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2021-05-20
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Veloso, M. C. A. S., Sales, E. C. J. de, Monção, F. P., Rocha Júnior, V. R., Gomes, V. M., Alves, D. D., … Aspiazú, I. (2021). Effect of grazing management strategies on the yield and nutritional value of Marandu grass in the semiarid of Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(4), 2503–2522. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n4p2503
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