Supplementation levels for pre-weaning grazing beef heifers during the rainy-dry transition season
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6Supl3p3719Keywords:
Lactating heifers, Urochloa decumbens, Creep-feeding, Energy supplementation.Abstract
This study was undertaken to examine production performance, pasture and milk intakes and nutrient digestibility in heifers supplemented with different levels of energy in a creep-feeding system on Urochloa decumbens Stapf pastures during the rainy-dry transition season. Fifty-one heifers with predominant Nellore genetic composition (average initial age and weight: 120 days and 133.4 ± 3.12 kg) and their respective dams were used in an evaluation of production performance, intake, and diet digestibility. Four treatments were evaluated, namely, MM - mineral mixture; T250 - 0.250 kg of supplement per head per day; T500 - 0.500 kg of supplement per head per day; and T750 - 0.750 kg of supplement per head per day, totaling three groups with 13 animals each and one group with 12 animals. All supplements were balanced to provide 100 g of CP animal-1 day-1. LIPE® and chromium oxide were used as external markers to estimate fecal excretion and individual DM and supplement intakes, respectively, whereas iNDF was used as an internal marker for pasture DM intake. Production performance did not differ between the supplemented and unsupplemented animals. Total DM intake and pasture DM intake were higher in the group supplemented with concentrate, and the same was observed for the digestibility of DM and NDFap consumed by the animals. The average cow milk yield was 5.33 kg/day, with average protein and fat contents of 3.51% and 4.85%, respectively. In conclusion, compared to the use of mineral mixture only, multiple supplementation at different levels containing 100 g of CP does not significantly improve performance in lactating beef heifers grazing on Urochloa decumbens Stapf and supplemented during the rainy-dry transition season.Downloads
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References
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NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL - NRC. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 6th ed. Washington: National Academy Press, 1996. 242 p.
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL - NRC. Nutrient Requirements of dairy cattle. 7th ed. Washington: National Academy Press, 2001. 381 p.
NEPOMUCENO, D. D.; PIRES, A. V.; FERRAZ, M. V. C.; BIEHL, M. V.; GONÇALVES, J. R. S.; MOREIRA, E. M.; DAY, M. L. Effect of pre-partum dam supplementation, creep-feeding and post-weaning feedlot on age at puberty in Nellore heifers. Livestock Science, Almsford, v. 195, p. 58-62, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.11.008
PAULINO, M. F.; DETMANN, E.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C. Bovinocultura funcional nos trópicos. In: SIMPÓSIO DE PRODUÇÃO DE GADO DE CORTE, 2., 2008, Viçosa, MG. Anais... Viçosa: SIMCORTE, 2008. p. 275-309.
SARI, M.; FERRET, A.; CALSAMIGLIA, S. Effect of pH on in vitro microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in diets containing barley straw or non-forage fiber sources. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdam, v. 200, n. 1, p. 17-24, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.11.011
VALADARES, R. F. D.; BRODERICK, G. A.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; CLAYTON, M. K. Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 82, n. 12, p. 2686-2696, 1999. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75525-6
VERBIC, J.; CHEN, X. B.; MACLEOD, N. A.; ORSKOV, E. R. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: effect of microbial nucleic acid infusion on purine derivative excretion by steers. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, v. 114, n. 3, p. 243-248, 1990. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600072610
AL-MARASHDEH, O.; GREGORINI, P.; EDWARDS, G. R. Effect of time of maize silage supplementation on herbage intake, milk production, and nitrogen excretion of grazing dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 99, n. 9, p. 7123-7132, 2016. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10681
CHEN, X. B.; GOMES, M. J. Estimation of microbial protein supply to sheep and cattle based on urinary excretion of purine derivatives: an overview of the technical details. Occasional publication of the International Feed Resources Unit. Aberdeen: Rowett Research Institute, 1992. 22 p.
CHIZZOTTI, M.L. Avaliação da casca de algodão para novilhos de origem leiteira e determinação da excreção de creatinina e produção de proteína microbiana em novilhas e vacas leiteiras. 2004. Dissertação (Mestrado em Zootecnia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 2004.
DETMANN, E.; SOUZA, M. A.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; QUEIROZ, A. C.; BERCHIELLI, T. T.; SALIBA, E. O. S.; AZEVEDO, J. A. G. (Ed.). Métodos para análise de alimentos-Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Ciência Animal. Visconde do Rio Branco, MG: Suprema, 2012. 214 p.
DETMANN, E.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; PAULINO, M. F.; HUHTANEN, P. Nutritional aspects applied to grazing cattle in tropics: a review based on Brazilian results. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, Londrina, v. 35, n. 4, p. 2829-2854, 2014a. DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2014v35n4Suplp2829
DETMANN, E.; VALENTE, É. E. L.; BATISTA, E. D.; HUHTANEN, P. An evaluation of the performance and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in cattle fed tropical grass pastures with supplementation. Livestock Science, Almsford, v. 162, n. 1, p. 141-153, 2014b. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.01.029
FIGUEIRAS, J. F.; DETMANN, E.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; PAULINO, M. F.; BATISTA, E. D.; RUFINO, L. M. A.; VALENTE, T. N. P.; REIS, W. L. S.; FRANCO, M. O. Desempenho nutricional de bovinos em pastejo durante o período de transição seca águas recebendo suplementação proteica. Archivos de Zootecnia, Córdoba, v. 64, n. 247, p. 269-276, 2015. DOI: 10.21071/az.v64i247.401
FUJIHARA, T.; ORSKOV, E. R.; REEDS, P. J.; KYLE, D. J. The effect of protein infusion on urinary excretion of purine derivatives in ruminants nourished by intragastric nutrition. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, v. 109, n. 1, p. 7-12, 1987. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600080916
HALL, M. B. Calculation of non-structural carbohydrate content of feeds that contain non-protein nitrogen. Gainesville: University of Florida, 2000. 76 p. (Bulletin, 339).
MCMENIMAN, N. P. Methods of estimating intake of grazing animals. In: SIMPÓSIO SOBRE TÓPICOS ESPECIAIS EM ZOOTECNIA; REUNIÃO ANUAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA, 34., Juiz de Fora. Anais... Juiz de Fora: Sociedade Brasileira de Zootecnia, 1997. p. 131-168.
MORIEL, P.; ARTHINGTON, J. D. Effects of molasses-based creep-feeding supplementation on growth performance of pre- and post-weaned beef calves. Livestock Science, Almsford, v. 151, n. 2-3, p. 171-178, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.11.008
MORIEL, P.; VENDRAMINI, J. M. B.; ARTHINGTON, J. D.; AGUIAR, A. D.; CAPUTTI, G. Effects of crude protein level and degradability of limited creep-feeding supplements on performance of beef cow-calf pairs grazing limpograss pastures. Livestock Science, Almsford, v. 200, p. 1-5, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2017.03.020
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL - NRC. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 6th ed. Washington: National Academy Press, 1996. 242 p.
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL - NRC. Nutrient Requirements of dairy cattle. 7th ed. Washington: National Academy Press, 2001. 381 p.
NEPOMUCENO, D. D.; PIRES, A. V.; FERRAZ, M. V. C.; BIEHL, M. V.; GONÇALVES, J. R. S.; MOREIRA, E. M.; DAY, M. L. Effect of pre-partum dam supplementation, creep-feeding and post-weaning feedlot on age at puberty in Nellore heifers. Livestock Science, Almsford, v. 195, p. 58-62, 2017. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.11.008
PAULINO, M. F.; DETMANN, E.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C. Bovinocultura funcional nos trópicos. In: SIMPÓSIO DE PRODUÇÃO DE GADO DE CORTE, 2., 2008, Viçosa, MG. Anais... Viçosa: SIMCORTE, 2008. p. 275-309.
SARI, M.; FERRET, A.; CALSAMIGLIA, S. Effect of pH on in vitro microbial fermentation and nutrient flow in diets containing barley straw or non-forage fiber sources. Animal Feed Science and Technology, Amsterdam, v. 200, n. 1, p. 17-24, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.11.011
VALADARES, R. F. D.; BRODERICK, G. A.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; CLAYTON, M. K. Effect of replacing alfalfa silage with high moisture corn on ruminal protein synthesis estimated from excretion of total purine derivatives. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 82, n. 12, p. 2686-2696, 1999. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75525-6
VERBIC, J.; CHEN, X. B.; MACLEOD, N. A.; ORSKOV, E. R. Excretion of purine derivatives by ruminants: effect of microbial nucleic acid infusion on purine derivative excretion by steers. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, v. 114, n. 3, p. 243-248, 1990. DOI: 10.1017/S0021859600072610
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Published
2019-10-16
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Couto, V. R. M., Paulino, M. F., Valadares Filho, S. de C., Detmann, E., Porto, M. O., Valente, E. E. L., & Figueiredo, C. B. (2019). Supplementation levels for pre-weaning grazing beef heifers during the rainy-dry transition season. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(6Supl3), 3719–3728. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6Supl3p3719
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