Effects of neutral detergent fiber concentration of sugarcane-based diets on the performance of Holstein heifers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n2p947Keywords:
Behavior, Growth, Digestibility, Nutrition.Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing the neutral detergent fibers (NDF) concentration of sugarcane-based diets on the growth and development of Holstein heifers. Twenty-seven Holstein heifers with a mean body weight of 265.5 ± 36.4 kg were housed in a sand bedded tie stall and fed individually. The experimental diet consisted of fresh sugarcane and concentrate. Three concentrations of sugarcane NDF were compared: 33% (SC33), 38% (SC38), and 42% (SC42). Crude protein content of experimental diets was 16%. The following parameters were evaluated: dry matter intake, weight gain and morphometric measures, digestibility, feeding behavior, and ruminal pH. The experimental design was a randomized block and all analyses were performed using the MIXED procedure in SAS. Intake of DM decreased as NDF concentration increased (p=0.07), but weight gain and growth were not significantly affected (p=0.74). As dietary NDF increased, chewing activity per unit DM intake increased (p=0.001), but rumen pH was not significantly affected (p=0.91). Diets formulated with 330?420 g of sugarcane NDF/kg of dry matter were sufficient to support the growth of Holstein heifers.Downloads
References
ANDRADE, M. A. F.; PEREIRA, M. N. Performance of Holstein heifers on fresh sugarcane as the only dietary forage. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 82, n. 91, 1999. Supplement 1.
ARMENTANO, L. E.; PEREIRA, M. N. Measuring the effectiveness of fiber by animal response trials. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 80, n. 7, p. 1416-1425, 1997.
ASSOCIATION OF OFFICIAL AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTS - AOAC. Official methods of analysis. 15th ed. Arlinton: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Inc., 1990. v. 1, 771 p.
CAETANO, G. A. de O.; CAETANO JÚNIOR, M. B.; OLIVEIRA, M. D.; SOCREPPA, L. M. Cana de açúcar na alimentação de novilhas leiteiras. PUBVET, Maringá, v. 10, n. 10, p. 766-778, 2016.
CORREA, C. E. S.; PEREIRA, M. N.; RAMOS, M. H.; OLIVEIRA, S. G.; OTA, M.; Performance of dairy cows fed corn silage differing in kernel texture or sugarcane as the dietary forage. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 83, p. 119, 2001a. Supplement 1.
CORREA, C. E. S.; SHAVER, R. D.; PEREIRA, M. N.; LAUER, J. G.; KOHN, K.; Correlation between texture and in situ degradation of corn grain. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 84, p. 418, 2001b. Supplement 1.
CURTIS, G.; MCGREGOR ARGO, C.; JONES, D.; GROVE-WHITE, D. The impact of early life nutrition and housing on growth and reproduction in dairy cattle. Plos One, San Francisco, v. 13, n. 2, p. 1-20, feb. 2018.
DRACKLEY, J. K. Calf nutrition from birth to breeding. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, Philadelphia, v. 24, n. 1, p. 55-86, 2008.
ETTEMA, J. F.; SANTOS, J. E. Impact of age at first calving on lactation, reproduction, health and income in first-parity Holsteins on commercial farms. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 87, n. 8, p. 2730-2742, 2004.
GARRET, E. F.; PEREIRA, M. N.; NORDLUND, K. V.; ARMENTANO, L. E.; GOODGER, W. J.; OETZEL, G. R. Diagnostic methods for the detection of subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 82, n. 6, p. 1170-1178, 1999.
KEOWN, J.F.; EVERETT, R.W. Effect of days carried calf, days dry, and weight of first calf heifers on yield. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 69, n. 7, p. 1891-1896, 2004.
KHAN, M. A.; BACH, A.; WEARY, D. M.; VON KEYSERLINGK, M. A. G. Invited review: transitioning from milk to solid feed in dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 99, n. 2, p. 885-902, 2016.
LAMMERS, B. P.; BUCKMASTER, D. R.; HEINRICHS, A. J. A simple method for the analysis of particle sizes of forage and total mixed rations. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 79, n. 5, p. 922-928, 1996.
LASCANO, G. J.; VELEZ, M.; TRICARICO, J. M.; HEINRICHS, A. J. Nutrient utilization of fresh sugarcane-based diets with slow-release nonprotein nitrogen addition for control-fed dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v 95, n. 1, p. 370-376, 2012.
MARIZ, L. D. S.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; DETMANN, E.; PEREIRA, O. G.; PEREIRA, L. G. R.; MARCONDES, M. I.; SANTOS, S. A.; VILLADIEGO, F. A. C.; ZANETTI, D.; PRADOS, L. F.; NUNES, A. N. Intake and ruminal digestion determined using omasal and reticular digesta samples in cattle fed diets containing sugar cane in natura or ensiled sugar cane compared with maize silage. Livestock Science, Amsterdam, v. 155, n. 1, p. 71-76, 2013.
PEREIRA, M. N.; ARMENTANO, L. E. Partial replacement of forage with non-forage fiber sources in lactating cow diets. II. Digestion and rumen function. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 83, n. 12, p. 2876-2887, 2000
PRESTON, T. R.; LENG, R. A. Utilization of tropical feeds by ruminants. In: RUCKEBUSCH, Y.; THIVEND, P. Digestive phisiology and metabolism in ruminants. Connecticut: Ed. AVI Publishng Company, Inc., 1981. cap. 30, p. 621-640.
RANGEL, A. H. N.; CAMPOS, J. M. S.; OLIVEIRA, A. S. de; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; ASSIS, A. J. de; SOUZA, S. M. de. Performance and nutritional parameters of growing heifers fed corn silage or sugar cane with concentrate. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, MG, v. 39, n. 11, p. 2518-2526, 2010.
REYES, J.; MONTANEZ-VALDEZ, O.; GUERRA, C.; PALMA, J. Effect of sugarcane silage on productive parameters of replacement Holstein-Friesian heifers. Revista MVZ Cordoba, Córdoba, v. 19, n. 1, p. 3962-3969, 2014.
RIBEIRO, R. C. O.; VILLELA, S. D. J.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; SANTOS, S. A.; RIBEIRO, K. G.; DETMANN, E.; ZANETTI, D.; MARTINS, P. G. M. A. Effects of roughage sources produced in a tropical environment on forage intake, and ruminal and microbial parameters. Journal of Animal Science, Champaign, v. 93, n. 5, p. 2363-2374, 2015.
SÁ NETO, A.; BISPO, A. W.; JUNGES, D.; BERCHT, K.; ZOPOLLATTO, M.; DANIEL, J. L. P.; NUSSIO, L. G. Exchanging physically effective neutral detergent fiber does not affect chewing activity and performance of late-lactation dairy cows fed corn and sugarcane silages. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 97, n. 11, p. 7012-7020, 2014.
SALAH, N.; SAUVANT, D.; ARCHIMÈDE, H. Response of growing ruminants to diet in warm climates: a meta-analysis. Animal, Cambridge, v. 9, n. 5, p. 822-830, 2015.
SANTOS, S. A.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; DETMANN, E.; VALADARES, R. F. D.; RUAS, J. R. M.; AMARAL, P. M. Different forage sources for F1 Holstein×Gir dairy cows. Livestock Science, Amsterdam, v. 142, n. 1-3, p. 48-58, 2011.
SIÉCOLA JÚNIOR, S.; BITENCOURT, L. L.; MELO, L. Q.; SILVEIRA, V. A.; LOPES, N. M.; SILVA, J. R. M.; PEREIRA, R. A. N.; PEREIRA, M.N. Despalha da cana-de-açúcar e desempenho de novilhas e vacas leiteiras. Arquivo Brasieliro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v.66, n.1, p.219-228, 2014.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS SYSTEM INSTITUTE - SAS Institute. SAS® User´s guide: Statistics. 5th ed. Cary: NC SAS Institute Inc., 1995. 1290 p.
VAN SOEST, P. J.; ROBERTSON, J. B.; LEWIS, B. A. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, Madison, v. 74, n. 10, p. 3583-3597, 1991.
WILLIAMS, C. H.; DAVID, D. J.; IISMAA, O. The determination of chromic oxide in feces samples by atomic absortion spectrophotometry. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, v. 59, n. 3, p. 381-385, 1962.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Semina: Ciências Agrárias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias adopts the CC-BY-NC license for its publications, the copyright being held by the author, in cases of republication we recommend that authors indicate first publication in this journal.
This license allows you to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform and develop the material, as long as it is not for commercial purposes. And due credit must be given to the creator.
The opinions expressed by the authors of the articles are their sole responsibility.
The magazine reserves the right to make normative, orthographic and grammatical changes to the originals in order to maintain the cultured standard of the language and the credibility of the vehicle. However, it will respect the writing style of the authors. Changes, corrections or suggestions of a conceptual nature will be sent to the authors when necessary.
