Economic-financial analysis of the use of the detoxified castor by alkaline solutions I: production of arrays of dairy goats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2703Keywords:
Anglo Nubian, Coproducts of biodiesel, Saanen.Abstract
We evaluated the influence of totally substituting soybean meal (SM) with detoxified castor cake (DCC) and two alkaline products on the economic and financial viability of producing Saanen and Anglo-Nubian goat dairy breeds with initial body weights of 16.22 ± 0.67 kg that had been confined until they were capable of reproduction (70% of total body weight). The goats were subjected to six simulated production systems (PS). These were PS1, rearing Saanen goats that were fed with a standard diet based on SM; PS2, rearing Anglo-Nubian goats that were fed with a standard diet based on SM; PS3, rearing Saanen goats that where fed with a standard diet based on DCC Ca(OH)2; PS4, rearing Anglo-Nubian goats that were fed with a standard diet based on DCC Ca(OH)2; PS5, rearing Saanen goats fed with a standard diet based on DCC NaOH; and PS6, rearing Anglo-Nubian goats that were fed with a standard diet based on DCC NaOH. A descriptive economic and financial evaluation of the data was carried out using AVETEC® software. The SM based diets cost approximately 58.70% and 66.22% more for the Saanen and the Anglo-Nubian goats than the other diets, respectively. The results showed that all the scenarios had a point of leveling (PL) values of less than 144 goats, which is the number of animals that can be produced annually by each system simulated in this research. The net revenue for all the systems was greater than zero, which indicated that their activities were stable and that the internal rates of return were high. The profitability indices were also very good, especially the systems that used Saanen goats, because the NPV were higher than 1 million reais. Sensitivity analyzes showed that the indicators of performance were only economically unviable under the least favorable situations, such as 30% reductions in both production and market price. The use of the DCC does not compromise the economic viability of the systems and produces higher returns than the systems that used the standard (SM) diet.References
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Araújo, R. A., Neiva, J. N. M., Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Cândido, M. J. D., Rogério, M. C. P.,.... Neiva, J. N. M. (2020). Detoxified castor in the diets of dairy goats: I. Effects on intake, digestibility, and renal and hepatic parameters. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 49 (1), 1-9. doi: 10.37496/rbz4920190141
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Barros, M. C. C., Marques, J. A., Silva, R. R., Silva, F. F., Costa, L. T., Guimarâes, S.,... Gusmão, J. J. N. (2015). Economic viability of crude glycerin in diets for lambs finished in feedlot. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 36(1), 443-452. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n1p443
Dal Monte, H. L., Costa, R. G., Holanda, E. V., Jr., Pimenta, E. C., Fº., Cruz, G. R. R., & Menezes, M. P. C. (2010). Calculation of the costs and evaluation of incomes in different systems of production of goat milk in Cariris Paraibanos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(11), 2535-2544. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982010001100029
Dang, L., & Van Damme, E. J. S. (2015). Toxic proteins in plants. Phytochemistry, 117(1), 51-64. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.020
Guiducci, R. C. N., Alves, E. R. A., Lima, J. R., Fº., & Mota, M. M. (2012). Aspectos metodológicos da análise de viabilidade econômica de sistemas de produção. In R. C. N. Guiducci, J. R. Lima Fº., & M. M. Mota, (Ed.), Viabilidade econômica de sistemas de produção agropecuários: metodologia e estudos de caso. Brasília, DF: EMBRAPA.
Hall, M. B. (2003). Challenges with non-fiber carbohydrate methods. Journal of Animal Science, 81(12), 3226-3232. doi: 10.2527/2003.81123226x
Hartman, J. C., & Schafrick, I. C. (2004). The relevant internal rate of return. The Enginering Economist, 49(2), 39-158. doi: 10.1080/00137910490453419
Ladeira, M. M., Carvalho, J. R. R., Chizzotti, M. L., Teixeira, P. D., Dias, J. C. O., Gionbelli, T. R. S.,... Oliveira, D. M. (2016). Effect of increasing levels of glycerin on growth rate, carcass traits and liver gluconeogenesis in young bulls. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 219,241, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j. anifeedsci.2016.06.010
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Lôbo, A. M. B. O., Lôbo, R. N. B., Facó, O., Souza, V., Alves, A. A. C., Costa, A. C., & Albuquerque, M. A. M. (2017). Characterization of milk production and composition of four exotic goat breeds in Brazil. Small Ruminant Research, 153(1), 9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.05.005
Mertens, D. R. (2002). Gravimetric determination of amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber in feeds with refluxing in beakers or crucibles: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International, 85(5), 1217-12 40.
National Research Council (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Pinto, C. W. C., Costa, J. M. O., & Nobrega, J. E., Jr. (2014). Alternativa para produção de cordeiros Santa Inês em confinamento, alimentados com subprodutos da agroindústria. Revista Agropecuária Técnica, 35(1), 185-190.
Rogério, M. C. P., Castro, E. M., Martins, E. C., Monteiro, J. P., Silva, K. M., Cândido, M. J. D.,... Costa, H. H. A. (2013). Economical and financial analysis of lamb finishing fed with diets formulated according to the NRC (1985) and the NRC (2007). Tropical Animal Health and Production, 45(1), 259-266. doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0210-5
Rogério, M. C. P., Martins, E. C., Shiotsuki, L., Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Muir, J. P., Araújo, A. R.,... Alves, A. A. (2019). Economic viability of finishing lambs in the feedlot using bovine cheese whey as a dietary ingredient. Small Ruminant Research, 170, 131-136. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.018
Severino, L. S., Auld, D. L., Baldanzi, M., Candido, M. J. D., Chen, G., Crosby, W.,… Zieler, H. (2012). A Review on the challenges for increased production of castor. Agronomy Journal, 104(1), 853-880. doi: 10.2134/agronj2011.0210
Sniffen, C. J., O’Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G., & Russell, J. B. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal Animal Science, 70(11), 3562-3577. doi: 10.2527/1992.70113562x
Stivari, T. S. S., Chen, R. F. F., Gameiro, A. H., Monteiro, A. L. G., Raineri, C., & Silva, J. B. A. (2014). Feasibility of grazing sheep production systems using long-term economic indicators and the methodology of the soil expectation value. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 51(12), 149-157. doi: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.v51i2p149-157
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583-3597. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Weiss, W. P. (1999). Energy prediction equations for ruminant feeds. Proceeding of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers. Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.
Araújo, R. A., Neiva, J. N. M., Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Cândido, M. J. D., Rogério, M. C. P.,.... Neiva, J. N. M. (2020). Detoxified castor in the diets of dairy goats: I. Effects on intake, digestibility, and renal and hepatic parameters. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 49 (1), 1-9. doi: 10.37496/rbz4920190141
Association of Analytical Chemists (2003). Official methods of analysis (17nd, 2nd rev. ed.). Gaithersburg, M. D.: Association of Analytical Chemists - AOAC.
Barros, M. C. C., Marques, J. A., Silva, R. R., Silva, F. F., Costa, L. T., Guimarâes, S.,... Gusmão, J. J. N. (2015). Economic viability of crude glycerin in diets for lambs finished in feedlot. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 36(1), 443-452. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2015v36n1p443
Dal Monte, H. L., Costa, R. G., Holanda, E. V., Jr., Pimenta, E. C., Fº., Cruz, G. R. R., & Menezes, M. P. C. (2010). Calculation of the costs and evaluation of incomes in different systems of production of goat milk in Cariris Paraibanos. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(11), 2535-2544. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982010001100029
Dang, L., & Van Damme, E. J. S. (2015). Toxic proteins in plants. Phytochemistry, 117(1), 51-64. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.020
Guiducci, R. C. N., Alves, E. R. A., Lima, J. R., Fº., & Mota, M. M. (2012). Aspectos metodológicos da análise de viabilidade econômica de sistemas de produção. In R. C. N. Guiducci, J. R. Lima Fº., & M. M. Mota, (Ed.), Viabilidade econômica de sistemas de produção agropecuários: metodologia e estudos de caso. Brasília, DF: EMBRAPA.
Hall, M. B. (2003). Challenges with non-fiber carbohydrate methods. Journal of Animal Science, 81(12), 3226-3232. doi: 10.2527/2003.81123226x
Hartman, J. C., & Schafrick, I. C. (2004). The relevant internal rate of return. The Enginering Economist, 49(2), 39-158. doi: 10.1080/00137910490453419
Ladeira, M. M., Carvalho, J. R. R., Chizzotti, M. L., Teixeira, P. D., Dias, J. C. O., Gionbelli, T. R. S.,... Oliveira, D. M. (2016). Effect of increasing levels of glycerin on growth rate, carcass traits and liver gluconeogenesis in young bulls. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 219,241, 2016. doi: 10.1016/j. anifeedsci.2016.06.010
Licitra, G., Hernandez, T. M., & Van Soest, P. J. (1996). Standartization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminants feeds. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 57(4), 347-358. doi: 10.1016/ 0377-8401(95)00837-3
Lôbo, A. M. B. O., Lôbo, R. N. B., Facó, O., Souza, V., Alves, A. A. C., Costa, A. C., & Albuquerque, M. A. M. (2017). Characterization of milk production and composition of four exotic goat breeds in Brazil. Small Ruminant Research, 153(1), 9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.05.005
Mertens, D. R. (2002). Gravimetric determination of amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber in feeds with refluxing in beakers or crucibles: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International, 85(5), 1217-12 40.
National Research Council (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Pinto, C. W. C., Costa, J. M. O., & Nobrega, J. E., Jr. (2014). Alternativa para produção de cordeiros Santa Inês em confinamento, alimentados com subprodutos da agroindústria. Revista Agropecuária Técnica, 35(1), 185-190.
Rogério, M. C. P., Castro, E. M., Martins, E. C., Monteiro, J. P., Silva, K. M., Cândido, M. J. D.,... Costa, H. H. A. (2013). Economical and financial analysis of lamb finishing fed with diets formulated according to the NRC (1985) and the NRC (2007). Tropical Animal Health and Production, 45(1), 259-266. doi: 10.1007/s11250-012-0210-5
Rogério, M. C. P., Martins, E. C., Shiotsuki, L., Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Muir, J. P., Araújo, A. R.,... Alves, A. A. (2019). Economic viability of finishing lambs in the feedlot using bovine cheese whey as a dietary ingredient. Small Ruminant Research, 170, 131-136. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.11.018
Severino, L. S., Auld, D. L., Baldanzi, M., Candido, M. J. D., Chen, G., Crosby, W.,… Zieler, H. (2012). A Review on the challenges for increased production of castor. Agronomy Journal, 104(1), 853-880. doi: 10.2134/agronj2011.0210
Sniffen, C. J., O’Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G., & Russell, J. B. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal Animal Science, 70(11), 3562-3577. doi: 10.2527/1992.70113562x
Stivari, T. S. S., Chen, R. F. F., Gameiro, A. H., Monteiro, A. L. G., Raineri, C., & Silva, J. B. A. (2014). Feasibility of grazing sheep production systems using long-term economic indicators and the methodology of the soil expectation value. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 51(12), 149-157. doi: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.v51i2p149-157
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583-3597. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Weiss, W. P. (1999). Energy prediction equations for ruminant feeds. Proceeding of the Cornell Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers. Cornell University, Ithaca, USA.
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2020-09-19
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Araújo, R. A., Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Rogério, M. C. P., Martins, E. C., Cândido, M. J. D., Santos Neto, C. F., … Neiva, J. N. M. (2020). Economic-financial analysis of the use of the detoxified castor by alkaline solutions I: production of arrays of dairy goats. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(6), 2703–2720. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2703
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