Frequência de patógenos na rotina de diagnóstico bacteriológico em peixes e sua resistência a antimicrobianos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3259Palavras-chave:
Resistência a antimicrobianos, Multirresistente, Patógenos, Aquicultura.Resumo
Aquicultura é um dos setores da produção animal com o mais rápido crescimento. Muitos fatores, como resíduos industriais e/ou de agricultura e o uso indevido de antibióticos em animais ou humanos têm contribuído para aumentar a pressão ambiental e o aparecimento de bactérias resistentes a antibióticos contribuindo para os resíduos dessas drogas permanecerem nas carcaças e na água, o que é um risco para a saúde pública / ambiental. A partir disso, foram identificados o gênero / espécie de bactérias e sua resistência bacteriana aos antibióticos de amostras recebidas de surtos de doenças em peixes para diagnóstico bacteriológico no período entre janeiro de 2017 e outubro de 2020. As bactérias isoladas foram submetidas ao teste de sensibilidade de Kirby e Bauer para cinco classes de antibióticos (penicilinas, fluoroquinolonas, aminoglicosídeos, anfenicóis e tetraciclinas). Nos 181 surtos analisados, 232 bactérias foram isoladas, sendo estas Streptococcus spp., Aeromonas spp., Edwardsiella spp., Plesiomonas shigelloides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Chromobacterium violaceum, Flavobacterium spp., Citrobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., Vibrio spp., Enterobacter spp., Chryseobacterium meningosepticum dentre outras. Destas 232 bactérias, 40 cepas foram classificadas como multirresistentes (MDR), com Plesiomonas shigelloides, Aeromonas spp. e Edwardsiella spp. representando mais da metade destas (22 / total). Com várias bactérias demonstrando resistência aos medicamentos legalizados na aquicultura brasileira (tetraciclina e florfenicol), torna-se obrigatória a pesquisa, não apenas de alternativas ao uso de antibióticos, mas também de outros medicamentos eficazes contra os principais patógenos circulantes. Além disso, a vigilância sobre a ocorrência de cepas resistentes é necessária levando-se em consideração o aparecimento de bactérias zoonóticas com essa característica, tornando-se um ponto de interesse à saúde pública.Métricas
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Referências
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Arumugam, U., Stalin, N., & Rebecca, G. P. (2017). Isolation, Molecular Identification and antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus faecalis from diseased tilapia. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(6), 136-146. doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.606.016
Basak, S., Singh, P., & Rajurkar, M. (2016). Multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant bacteria: a study. Journal of Pathogens, 2016(1), 1-5. doi: 10.1155/2016/4065603
Behera, B. K., Bera, A. K., Paria, P., Das, A., Parida, P. K., Kumari, S.,… Das, B. K. (2018). Identification and pathogenicity of Plesiomonas shigelloides in Silver Carp. Aquaculture, 493(5), 314-318. doi: 10.10 16/j.aquaculture.2018.04.063
Bera, K. K., Karmakar, S., Jana, P., Das, S., Purkait, S., Pal, S., & Haque, R. (2018). Biosecurity in aquaculture : an overview. Aqua International, 18(12), 42-46.
Camargos, P., Fischer, G. B., Mocelin, H., Dias, C., & Ruvinsky, R. (2006). Penicillin resistance and serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Latin America. Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, 7(3), 209-214. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2006.04.004
Chideroli, R. T., Amoroso, N., Mainardi, R. M., Suphoronski, S. A., Padua, S. B. de, Alfieri, A. A. F. A. A.,… Pereira, U. P. (2017). Emergence of a new multidrug-resistant and highly virulent serotype of Streptococcus agalactiae in fish farms from Brazil. Aquaculture, 479(5), 45-51. doi: 10.1016/j. aquaculture.2017.05.013
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2019). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. (29th ed.). CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
Doi, Y., Wachino, J.-I., & Arakawa, Y. (2016). Aminoglycoside resistance. Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, 30(2), 523-537. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2020.06.002
Food and Agriculture Organization (2020). The state of fisheries and aquaculture in the world 2020.
Food and Drug Administration (2020). Approved aquaculture drugs. Retrieved from https://www.fda.gov/ animal-veterinary/aquaculture/approved-aquaculture-drugs
Figueiredo, H. C. P., Nobrega, L., Netto, Leal, C. A. G., Pereira, U. P., & Mian, G. F. (2012). Streptococcus iniae outbreaks in Brazilian Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L:) farms. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 43(2), 576-580. doi: 10.1590/S1517-83822012000200019
Freitas, M. R., Freire, N. B., Peixoto, L. J. E. S., Oliveira, S. T. L. de, Souza, R. C. de, Gouveia, J. J. de S.,… Gouveia, G. V. (2018). The presence of plasmids in Aeromonas hydrophila and its relationship with antimicrobial and heavy metal-resistance profiles. Ciencia Rural, 48(9), 1-6. doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr 20170813
Gabriel, U. U., & Akinrotimi, O. A. (2011). Management of stress in fish for sustainable aquaculture development. Researcher, 3(4), 28-38. Retrieved from http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher/research 0304/05_4816research0304_28_38.pdf
Gao, D. X., & Gaunt, P. S. (2016). Development of new G media for culture of Flavobacterium columnare and comparison with other media. Aquaculture, 463, 113-122. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2016.05.006
Gaynes, R. (2017). The Discovery of Penicillin new insights after more than 75 years of clinical use. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 23(5), 849-853. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161556
Griffin, M. J., Greenway, T. E., Byars, T. S., Ware, C., Aarattuthodiyil, S., Kumar, G., & Wise, D. J. (2020). Cross-protective potential of a live-attenuated Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine against Edwardsiella piscicida in channel (Ictalurus punctatus) and channel × blue (Ictalurus furcatus) hybrid catfish. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 51(3), 740-749. doi: 10.1111/jwas.12696
Ip, M., Ang, I., Fung, K., Liyanapathirana, V., Luo, M. J., & Lai, R. (2016). Hypervirulent clone of group B Streptococcus serotype III sequence type 283, Hong Kong, 1993-2012. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 22(10), 1800-1803. doi: 10.3201/eid2210.151436
Kavitha, M., Raja, M., & Perumal, P. (2018). Evaluation of probiotic potential of Bacillus spp. isolated from the digestive tract of freshwater fish Labeo calbasu (Hamilton, 1822). Aquaculture Reports, 11(7), 59-69. doi: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2018.07.001
Krause, K. M., Serio, A. W., Kane, T. R., & Connolly, L. E. (2016). Aminoglycosides: an overview. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine, 6(6), 1-18. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a027029
Leung, K. Y., Wang, Q., Yang, Z., & Siame, B. A. (2019). Edwardsiella piscicida: a versatile emerging pathogen of fish. Virulence, 10(1), 555-567. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1621648
Loch, T. P., & Faisal, M. (2015). Emerging flavobacterial infections in fish: a review. Journal of Advanced Research, 6(3), 283-300. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2014.10.009
Lulijwa, R., Rupia, E. J., & Alfaro, A. C. (2020). Antibiotic use in aquaculture, policies and regulation, health and environmental risks: a review of the top 15 major producers. Reviews in Aquaculture, 12(2), 640-663. doi: 10.1111/raq.12344
Magiorakos, A. P., Srinivasan, A., Carey, R. B., Carmeli, Y., Falagas, M. E., Giske, C. G.,… Monnet, D. L. (2012). Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: An international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 18(3), 268-281. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x
Marcusso, P. F., Aguinaga, J. Y., Claudiano, G. D. S., Eto, S. F., Fernandes, D. C., Mello, H.,… Moraes, F. R. de. (2015). Influence of temperature on Streptococcus agalactiae infection in Nile tilapia. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 52(1), 57. doi: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.v52i1p57-62
Martins, A. F. M., Pinheiro, T. L., Imperatori, A., Freire, S. M., Sá-Freire, L., Moreira, B. M., & Bonelli, R. R. (2019). Plesiomonas shigelloides: A notable carrier of acquired antimicrobial resistance in small aquaculture farms. Aquaculture, 500(2), 514-520. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.10.040
Mian, G. F., Roncancio, C. O., Souza Silva, M. C. de, Rosado Ferreira, A. C., Costa Custódio, D. A. da, Silva Souza, V. H., & Costa, G. M. da. (2020). Evaluation of resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae in four farmed strains of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Semina:Ciencias Agrarias, 41(1), 351-355. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p351
Miller, R. A., & Harbottle, H. (2018). Antimicrobial drug resistance in fish pathogens. Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria from Livestock and Companion Animals, 6(1), 501-520. doi: 10.1128/ microbiolspec.arba-0017-2017
Mobarki, N., Almerabi, B., & Hattan, A. (2019). Antibiotic resistance crisis. International Journal of Medicine in Developing Countries, 40(4), 561-564. doi: 10.24911/ijmdc.51-1549060699
Mohanty, B. R., & Sahoo, P. K. (2007). Edwardsiellosis in fish: a brief review. Journal of Biosciences, 32(3), 1331-1344. doi: 10.1007/s12038-007-0143-8
Molinari, L. M., Oliveira Scoaris, D. de, Pedroso, R. B., Lucas Rodrigues Bittencourt, N. de, Nakamura, C. V., Ueda-Nakamura, T.,… Dias, B. P., Fº. (2003). Bacterial microflora in the gastrointestinal tract of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, cultured in a semi-intensive system. Acta Scientiarum - Biological Sciences, 25(2), 267-271. doi: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v25i2.2007
Monir, M. S., Yusoff, S. M., Mohamad, A., & Ina-Salwany, M. Y. (2020). Vaccination of Tilapia against motile aeromonas septicemia: a review. Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 32(2), 65-76. doi: 10.1002/ aah.10099
Monteiro, S. H., Garcia, F., & Pilarski, F. (2018). Antibiotic residues and resistant bacteria in aquaculture. The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal, 5(4), 127-147.
Palma, E., Tilocca, B., & Roncada, P. (2020). Antimicrobial resistance in veterinary medicine: an overview. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(6), 1-21. doi: 10.3390/ijms21061914.
Pereira-Maia, E. C., Silva, P. P., Almeida, W. B. de, Santos, H. F. dos, Marcial, B. L., Ruggiero, R., & Guerra, W. (2010). Tetraciclinas e glicilciclinas: uma visão geral. Quimica Nova, 33(3), 700-706. doi: 10.1590/s0100-40422010000300038
Ryu, S., Cowling, B. J., Wu, P., Olesen, S., Fraser, C., Sun, D. S.,… Grad, Y. H. (2019). Case-based surveillance of antimicrobial resistance with full susceptibility profiles. JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, 1(3), 1-5. doi: 10.1093/jacamr/dlz070
Safari, R., Adel, M., Lazado, C. C., Marlowe, C., & Caipang, A. (2016). Host-derived probiotics Enterococcus casseli flavus improves resistance against Streptococcus iniae infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) via immunomodulation. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 52(5), 198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.020.
Seo, J. S., Kwon, M. G., Youn Hwang, J., Don Hwang, S., Kim, D. H., Bae, J. S.,… Lee, J. H. (2020). Estimation of pharmacological properties of ceftiofur, an injectable cephalosporin antibiotic, for treatment of streptococcosis in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture Research, 52(2), 831-841. doi: 10.1111/are.14938
Sindicato Nacional da Indústria de Produtos para Saúde Animal (2020). Compêndio de produtos veterinários. Recuperado de https://sistemas.sindan.org.br/cpvs/pesquisar.aspx
Sumithra, T. G., Reshma, K. J., Anusree, V. N., Sayooj, P., Sharma, S. R. K., Suja, G.,… Sanil, N. K. (2019). Pathological investigations of Vibrio vulnificus infection in genetically improved farmed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) cultured at a floating cage farm of India. Aquaculture, 511(1603), 734217. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.734217
Suphoronski, S. A., Chideroli, R. T., Facimoto, C. T., Mainardi, R. M., Souza, F. P., Lopera-Barrero, N. M.,… Pereira, U. P. (2019). Effects of a phytogenic, alone and associated with potassium diformate, on tilapia growth, immunity, gut microbiome and resistance against francisellosis. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1-14. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-42480-8
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2021-08-12
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Costa, A. R. da, Chideroli, R. T., Chicoski, L. M., Abreu, D. C. de, Favero, L. M., Ferrari, N. A., Mainardi, R. M., Silva, V. G. da, & Pereira, U. P. (2021). Frequência de patógenos na rotina de diagnóstico bacteriológico em peixes e sua resistência a antimicrobianos. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(6), 3259–3272. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3259
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