Crooked mouths: sertanejo naturalism and drought literature in Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1678-2054.2023vol43n2p90Keywords:
Sertão, Os Retirantes, Ataliba o Vaqueiro, Northern LiteratureAbstract
The end of the 19th century saw a shift in the discourse surrounding the sertão in Brazilian literature. Changes both political and aesthetic influenced this process, but the tragic episode of the drought of 1877-1880 ultimately transformed the way in which the rest of Brazil saw the sertão and, consequently, the Northeastern region. Above all, it was from this event on that literary works set in the Northeastern sertão began to represent this space under a strictly negative lens, a tendency that would prove hegemonic in the production of discourse regarding the sertão even beyond the literary form. The works Os Retirantes (1879) and Ataliba o Vaqueiro (1878) were two of the most representatives of what would be called the Drought Literature”, being associated by Franklin Távora to hat he would propose as a “sertanejo naturalism”, a kind of transition literature between Romanticism and “pure” naturalism associated with regional elements. The understanding of said labeling and the comparison between both texts offers a fertile path through which to understand the historical process of the discursive construction of the sertão by literature.
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