Evaluation and characterization of triticale silage (x. Triticosecale wittmack) to replace Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (S. vulgare Pers.) silage as feed for beef cattle
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p335Palabras clave:
Food assessment, Gas production, Rate of degradation, Ruminant.Resumen
The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of silages containing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% triticale replacing sorghum silage feed for beef cattle. It was carried out fractionation of carbohydrates and proteins, and the parameters of ruminal degradation kinetics estimated by semiautomatic in vitro method of cumulative gas production of the silages. The experimental design completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates. Sorghum silage has less non-fibrous carbohydrates, and its substitution may explain the linear increase in the composition of fractions A and B1. In general, the proportions of fractions "A" and "B1 + B2" demonstrated that as sorghum replaced by triticale, the abundance of high availability proteins increased, as did the abundance of rapidly degradable proteins in the rumen. The final volume of gases produced by the fermentation of non-fibrous carbohydrates presented a negative linear relationship with increased triticale silage (P = 0.0001), while the degradation rates presented a positive linear relationship (P = 0.0001). Thus, there was rapid release of energy and nitrogen, which may meet the needs of microorganisms. Therefore, triticale silage can be substituted for sorghum silage in cattle feed as an excellent source of protein and energy without altering nutritional parameters.Métricas
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Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Velho, J. P., Mühlbach, P. R. F., Genro, T. C. M., Barcellos, J. O. J., Braccini, J., Neto, & Silva, R. S. M. da. (2014). Modelos matemáticos para ajuste da produção de gases in vitro em diferentes tempos de incubação e cinética ruminal de silagens de milho. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 35(4), 2531-2540. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2014v35n4Supl1p2531
Weiss, W., Conrad, H., & Pierre, N. (1992). A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 39(1-2), 95-110. doi: 10.1016/0377-8401(92)90034-4
Bumbieris, V. H., Jr., Dias, F. J., Kazama, R., Arruda, D. S. R. de, Jobim. C. C., & Morais, M. da G. (2007). Ruminal degradability and carbohydrate fractioning of stargrass silages (Cynodon nlemfuensis vanderyst.) with different additives. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 28(4),761-772. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2007v28n4p761
Bumbieris, V. H., Jr., Jobim, C. C., Emile, J. C., Rossi, R., Calixto, M., Branco, A. F. (2011). Ruminal degradability and carbohydrates and proteins fractioning of triticale silages in singular culture or in mixtures with oat and/or legumes. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 32(2), 759-70. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2011v32n2p759
Czerkawski, J. (1986, Sep). Degradation of solid feeds in the rumen: spatial distribution of microbial activity and its consequences. In Control of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants. Proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, Banff, Canada, pp. 158-172.
Detmann, E., Valadares, S. de C., F., Queiroz, A. C., Berchielli, T. T., Saliba, E. O. S., Cabral, L. S., Azevedo, J. A. (2012). Métodos para análise de alimentos. Visconde do Rio Branco: Suprema Gráfica e Editora; Viçosa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
Henz, É. L., Almeida, P. S. G. de, Velho, J. P., Nörnberg, J. L., Silva, L. D. D. F. da, Backes, T. R., & Guerra, G. L. (2016). Dual purpose wheat production with different levels of nitrogen topdressing. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 37(2), 1091-1100. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n2p1091
McDougall, E. (1948). Studies on ruminant saliva. The composition and output of sheep's saliva. Biochemical Journal, 43(1), 99-109. doi: 10.1042/bj0430099
Nocek, J. E., & Russell, J. B. (1988). Protein and energy as an integrated system. relationship of ruminal protein and carbohydrate availability to microbial synthesis and milk production. Journal of Dairy Science, 71(8), 2070-2107. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79782-9
Ørskov, E. (1998). Feed evaluation with emphasis on fibrous roughages and fluctuating supply of nutrients: a review. Small Ruminant Research, 28(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1016/S0921-4488(97)00042-4
Orskov, E., Hovell, F. D. B., & Mould, F. (1980). The use of the nylon bag technique for the evaluation of feedstuffs. Tropical Animal Production, 5(3), 195-213.
Pell, A., & Schofield, P. (1993). Computerized monitoring of gas production to measure forage digestion in vitro. Journal of dairy Science, 76(4), 1063-1073. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77435-4
Pereira, E. S., Mizubuti, I. Y., Ribeiro, L. E. de A., Neiva, J. N. M., Pimentel, P. G., Duarte, L. S., Rocha, J. N., Jr. (2013). Estimativa do valor nutricional de subprodutos agroindustriais pelo uso da técnica de produção de gás. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 34(1), 391-398. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2013v34n1p391
Russell, J. B., O'Connor, J. D., Fox, D. G., Van Soest, P. J., & Sniffen, C. J. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: I. Ruminal fermentation. Journal of Animal Science, 70(11), 3551-3561. doi: 10.2527/1992.70113551x
Ruuska, S. A., Lewis, D. C., Kennedy, G., Furbank, R. T., Jenkins, C. L. & Tabe, L. M. (2008). Large scale transcriptome analysis of the effects of nitrogen nutrition on accumulation of stem carbohydrate reserves in reproductive stage wheat. Plant Molecular Biology, 66(1-2), 15-32. doi: 10.1007/s11103-007-9249-5
Statistical Analysis System Institute. (2000). SAS/STAT User’s Guide: Statistics, Version 6, 27th Ed. Cary: SAS Institute Inc, N.C.
Schofield, P., Pitt, R., & Pell, A. (1994). Kinetics of fiber digestion from in vitro gas production. Journal of Animal Science, 72(11), 2980-2991. doi: 10.2527/1994.72112980x
Sniffen, C. J., O'Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G., & Russell, J. B. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science, 70(11), 3562-3577. doi:10.2527/1992.70113562x
Tylutki, T., Fox, D., Durbal, V., Tedeschi, L., Russell, J., Van Amburgh, M., Pell, A. (2008). Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System: A model for precision feeding of dairy cattle. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 143(1-4), 174-202. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.05.010
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Velho, J. P., Mühlbach, P. R. F., Genro, T. C. M., Barcellos, J. O. J., Braccini, J., Neto, & Silva, R. S. M. da. (2014). Modelos matemáticos para ajuste da produção de gases in vitro em diferentes tempos de incubação e cinética ruminal de silagens de milho. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 35(4), 2531-2540. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2014v35n4Supl1p2531
Weiss, W., Conrad, H., & Pierre, N. (1992). A theoretically-based model for predicting total digestible nutrient values of forages and concentrates. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 39(1-2), 95-110. doi: 10.1016/0377-8401(92)90034-4
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2020-01-10
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Henz, Éderson L., Silva, L. das D. F. da, Bumbieris Junior, V. H., Massaro Junior, F. L., Zanin, E., & Arruda, M. C. G. de. (2020). Evaluation and characterization of triticale silage (x. Triticosecale wittmack) to replace Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (S. vulgare Pers.) silage as feed for beef cattle. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(1), 335–344. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p335
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