Growth and performance curve of dairy goats fed with detoxified castor bean cake by different alkaline solutions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6Supl2p3377Keywords:
Anglo Nubian, Soybean mea, Non-linear model, Saanen.Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the substitution of soybean meal (SM) by detoxified castor cake (DCC) by two alkaline products on intake, performance and on the growth curve of goat’s kids. 24 were used, Saanen goats (n=12) and Anglo Nubian (n=12), with initial body weight of 16.2±0.67 kg, initial age of 3 months and confined during the growth phase. The treatments consisted of three diets: a standard diet formulated with a traditional protein source, the soybean meal (SM); and test diets, which consisted of a protein source alternative, differing detoxification processes, on the basis of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design, in factorial 3 x 2 (diet SM, Ca(OH)2 DCC and NaOH DCC x Saanen and Anglo Nubian) totaling six sessions with four replicates each. The experimental period lasted 270 days. The non-linear models used were the Gompertz and Logistic. There was no effect (P < 0.05) of diets on the intake of nutrients, but there was no effect (P > 0.05) of breeds and interaction between both factors. The intake of DM during the phase of growth was greater for the goats fed with SM. There was no effect (P>0.05) of diets nor of the breeds in the ADG. Feed conversion was influenced (P < 0.05) by the diets, in which the goats fed diets with DCC presented better feed conversion. It has been observed that both models had good adjustments, with values numerically superior to 90%, however, the logistic model showed higher R2 and, at the same time, asymptotic index (AI). Despite the ADG be equal, the breeds presented absolute growth rate (AGR) vary over time, where the Saanen goats reached the peak first (181 days), with AGR of 0.14 kg day-1. However, even the goats Anglo Nubian reaching the highest peak late, the AGR was higher, around 0.16 kg day-1 higher than the Saanen. Both castor cake has the potential to replace the SM on a diet of goat’s kids during the growth phase. The mathematical model of Logistics estimates more accurately the growth of Saanen goats and Anglo Nubian, being that the rate of absolute growth is greatest in goats Anglo Nubian.Metrics
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References
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Lôbo, A. M. B. O., Lôbo, R. N. B., Facó, O., Souza, V., Alves, A. A. C., Costa, A. C., & Albuquerque, M. A. M. (2017). Characterization of milk production and composition of four exotic goat breeds in Brazil. Small Ruminant Research, 153(1), 9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.05.005
Magalhães, A. F. B., Lobo, R. N. B., & Facó, O. (2013). Genetic parameters estimates for growth traits in Somalis Brasileira hair sheep breed. Ciência Rural, 43(5), 884-889. doi: 10.1590/S0103-847820130050 00043
Malhado, C. H. M., Carneiro, P. L. S., Affonso, P. R. M., Sousa, A. A. O., Jr., & Sarmento, J. L. R. (2009) Growth curves in Dorper sheep crossed with the local Brazilian breeds, Morada Nova, Rabo Largo, and Santa Inês. Small Ruminant Research, 84(1), 16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.04.006
Missio, R. L. (2016). Treatment of sugarcane bagasse for ruminant feed. Archivos de Zootecnia, 65(250), 267-278. doi: 10.21071/az.v65i250
Nascimento, T. V. C., Carvalho, G. G. P., Freitas, J. E., Jr., & Souza, W. F. (2016). Volumosos tratados com aditivos químicos: valor nutritivo e desempenho de ruminantes. Archivos de Zootecnia, 65(252), 593-604. doi: 10.21071/az.v65i252.1932
National Research Council (2001). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. Washington DC: National Research Council. The National Academies Press.
National Research Council (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids. Washington DC: The National Academies Press.
Nicory, I. M. C., Carvalho, G. G. P., Ribeiro, O. L., Santos, S. A., Silva, F. F., Silva, R. R.,... Freitas, J. E., Jr. (2015). Productive and metabolic parameters in lambs fed diets with castor seed meal. Livestok Science, 18(1), 171-178. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.09.015
Owens, F. N., Dubeski, P., & Hanson, C. F. (1993). Factors that alter the growth and development of ruminants. Journal Animal Science, 71(11), 3138-3150. doi: 10.2527/1993.71113138x
Palmieri, A. D., Carvalho, G. G. P., Tosto, M. S. L., Leite, V. M., Santos, S. A., Borja, M. S.,... Rufino, L. M. A. (2016). Nutritional and productive performance of goats kids fed diets with detoxified castor meal. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 216(2), 81-92. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.03.015
Pires, A. J. V., Carvalho, G. G. P., & Ribeiro, L. S. O. (2010). Chemical treatment of roughage. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(Suplemento), 192-203. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982010001300022
Sarmento, J. L. R., Torres, R. A., Sousa, W. H., Lôbo, R. N. B., Albuquerque, L. G., Lopes, P. S.,... Bignardi, A. B. (2016). Random regression models for the estimation of genetic and environmental covariance functions for growth traits in Santa Ines sheep. Genetics and Molecular Research, 15(2), 1-13. doi: 10.4238/gmr.15025749
Statistical Analysis System Institute (2016). SAS® Studio. User′s guide (version 3. 5). Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
Araújo, R. A., Neiva, J. N. M., Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Cândido, M. J. D., Rogério, M. C. P., Lucas, R. C.,... Egito, A. S. (2018). Feeding behavior and physiological parameters of rearing goats fed diets containing detoxified castor cake. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 39(5), 2247-2260. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359. 2018 v39n5p2247
Araújo, R. A., Neiva, J. N. M., Rogério, M. C. P., Pimentel, P. G., Furtado, R. N., Mariz, L. D. S.,... Pompeu, R. C. F. F. (2019). Ingestive behavior and physiological parameters of lactating goats fed diets containing detoxified castor cake. Biological Rhythm Research, 50(1) 1-11. doi: 10.1080/ 09291016. 2019.1594120
Association of Analytical Chemists (2003). Official methods of analysis (17th, 2nd, rev.) Gaithersburg, M. D.: AOAC.
Borja, M. S., Oliveira, R. L., Silva, T. M., Bezerra, L. R., Nascimento, N. G., Jr., & Borja, A. D. P. (2017). Effectiveness of calcium oxide and autoclaving for the detoxification of castor seed meal in finishing diets for lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 231(9), 76-78. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017. 07.001
Carrera, R. A. B., Veloso, C. M., Knupp, L. S., Souza, A. H. S., Jr., Detmann, E., & Lana, R. P. (2012). Protein co-products and by-products of the biodiesel industry for ruminants feeding. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41(5), 1202-1211. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982012000500018
Cobianchi, J. V., Oliveira, A. S., Campos, J. M. S., Guimarães, A. V., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Cobianchi, F. P., & Oliveira, T. E. S. (2012). Productive performance and efficiency of utilization of the diet components in dairy cows fed castor meal treated with calcium oxide. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41(10), 2238-2248. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982012001000015
Dang, L., & Van Damme, E. J. M. (2015). Toxic proteins in plants. Phytochemistry, 117(1), 51-64. doi: 10. 1016/j.phytochem.2015.05.020
Detmann, E., Souza, M. A., Valadares, S. C., Fº., Queiroz, A. C., Berchielli, T. T., Saliba, E. O. S.,... Azevedo, J. A. G. (2012). Métodos para análise de alimentos - INCT - Ciência animal. Visconde do Rio Branco: Suprema.
Giger-Reverdin, S., Rigalma, K., Desnoyers, M., Sauvant, D., & Duvaux-Ponter, C. (2014). Effect of concentrate level on feeding behavior and rumen and blood parameters in dairy goats: Relationships between behavioral and physiological parameters and effect of between-animal variability. Journal of Dairy Science. 97(7), 4367-4378. doi: 10.3168/jds.2013-7383
Gionbelli, T. R. S., Veloso, C. M., Gionbelli, M. P., Novais, M. A. S., Silva, A. L., Espechit, C. J. B.,... Duarte, M. S. (2014). Utilization of castor bean meal treated with calcium hydroxide fed wet or dry by lambs. Livestok Science, 168(1), 76-783. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.08.012
Guevara, C. E., Rodrigues, M. T., Vieira, R. A. M., Silva, M. C., Lima, M. C., & Hernandez Herrera, D. (2018). Modelos não lineares para descrever o consumo, deposição de nutrientes no corpo e crescimento de cabritos Saanen x Alpina. Archivos de Zootecnia, 67(257), 41-53. doi: 10.21071/az.v67i257.3490
Kozloski, G. V. (2011). Bioquímica dos ruminantes (3a ed.). Santa Maria: UFSM.
Lôbo, A. M. B. O., Lôbo, R. N. B., Facó, O., Souza, V., Alves, A. A. C., Costa, A. C., & Albuquerque, M. A. M. (2017). Characterization of milk production and composition of four exotic goat breeds in Brazil. Small Ruminant Research, 153(1), 9-16. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.05.005
Magalhães, A. F. B., Lobo, R. N. B., & Facó, O. (2013). Genetic parameters estimates for growth traits in Somalis Brasileira hair sheep breed. Ciência Rural, 43(5), 884-889. doi: 10.1590/S0103-847820130050 00043
Malhado, C. H. M., Carneiro, P. L. S., Affonso, P. R. M., Sousa, A. A. O., Jr., & Sarmento, J. L. R. (2009) Growth curves in Dorper sheep crossed with the local Brazilian breeds, Morada Nova, Rabo Largo, and Santa Inês. Small Ruminant Research, 84(1), 16-21. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2009.04.006
Missio, R. L. (2016). Treatment of sugarcane bagasse for ruminant feed. Archivos de Zootecnia, 65(250), 267-278. doi: 10.21071/az.v65i250
Nascimento, T. V. C., Carvalho, G. G. P., Freitas, J. E., Jr., & Souza, W. F. (2016). Volumosos tratados com aditivos químicos: valor nutritivo e desempenho de ruminantes. Archivos de Zootecnia, 65(252), 593-604. doi: 10.21071/az.v65i252.1932
National Research Council (2001). Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. Washington DC: National Research Council. The National Academies Press.
National Research Council (2007). Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids. Washington DC: The National Academies Press.
Nicory, I. M. C., Carvalho, G. G. P., Ribeiro, O. L., Santos, S. A., Silva, F. F., Silva, R. R.,... Freitas, J. E., Jr. (2015). Productive and metabolic parameters in lambs fed diets with castor seed meal. Livestok Science, 18(1), 171-178. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.09.015
Owens, F. N., Dubeski, P., & Hanson, C. F. (1993). Factors that alter the growth and development of ruminants. Journal Animal Science, 71(11), 3138-3150. doi: 10.2527/1993.71113138x
Palmieri, A. D., Carvalho, G. G. P., Tosto, M. S. L., Leite, V. M., Santos, S. A., Borja, M. S.,... Rufino, L. M. A. (2016). Nutritional and productive performance of goats kids fed diets with detoxified castor meal. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 216(2), 81-92. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.03.015
Pires, A. J. V., Carvalho, G. G. P., & Ribeiro, L. S. O. (2010). Chemical treatment of roughage. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(Suplemento), 192-203. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982010001300022
Sarmento, J. L. R., Torres, R. A., Sousa, W. H., Lôbo, R. N. B., Albuquerque, L. G., Lopes, P. S.,... Bignardi, A. B. (2016). Random regression models for the estimation of genetic and environmental covariance functions for growth traits in Santa Ines sheep. Genetics and Molecular Research, 15(2), 1-13. doi: 10.4238/gmr.15025749
Statistical Analysis System Institute (2016). SAS® Studio. User′s guide (version 3. 5). Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
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2020-11-06
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Araújo, R. A. de, Pompeu, R. C. F. F., Rogério, M. C. P., Salles, H. O., Costa, C. dos S., Fontinele, R. G., Silva, L. de N. C. da, & Neiva, J. N. M. (2020). Growth and performance curve of dairy goats fed with detoxified castor bean cake by different alkaline solutions. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(6Supl2), 3377–3390. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6Supl2p3377
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