Effect of row spacing and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Crambe abyssinica Hochst
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p393Keywords:
Plant plasticity, Plant mortality, Intraspecific competition.Abstract
Understanding the influence of row spacing and plant density on grain yield and yield components of crambe is critical in order to obtain higher grain yields. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of row spacing and plant density on grain yield and its components in crambe in two distinct regions of Brazil (Marechal Candido Rondon-PR, MCR-PR, and Botucatu-SP, BTU-SP). Narrow and wide row spacing (0.20 and 0.40 m) combined with four plant densities (15, 25, 35, and 45 plants m-1) were evaluated in a randomized block layout with four replications in a 2 × 4 factorial design. The experiment at BTU-SP was run under rainfed conditions with supplementary irrigation, whereas the experiment at MCR-PR was run under rainfed conditions without supplementary irrigation. Both experiments were run in soils classified as Oxisols. There was no interaction between row spacing and plant density. Highest grain yield with supplementary irrigation was observed at 0.20 m row spacing. Without irrigation, row spacing did not affect grain yield owing to the plasticity of crop. The highest grain yield was observed with approximately 30 plants m-1 at both experimental locations. A strong negative correlation was observed between final plant population and number of grains per plant. There was high plant mortality, particularly at high plant densities cultivated under irrigation. Higher mortality occurred because of high intraspecific competition and a larger disease incidence due to the higher humidity in the irrigated experiment. A mechanism of self-adjustment by plant density was observed in crambe, with its intensity dependent on plant density and environmental conditions, such as water and nutrient availability and light incidence.Downloads
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References
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WHITE, G. A.; HIGGINS, J. J. Culture of crambe a new industrial oilseed crop. ARS, USDA. Production Research Report, Washington, v. 95, p. 1-20, 1966.
CARRERA, R. A. B.; VELOSO, C. M.; KNUPP, L. S.; SOUZA JUNIOR, A. H.; DETMANN, E.; LANA, R. P. Protein co-products and by-products of the biodiesel industry for ruminants feeding. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, Viçosa, MG, v. 41, n. 5, p. 1202-1211, 2012.
CONCENÇO, G.; SILVA, C. J.; STAUT, L. A.; PONTES, C. S.; LAURINDO, L. C. A. S.; SOUZA, N. C. D. S. Weeds occurrence in areas submitted to distinct winter crops. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, MG, v. 30, n. 4, p. 747-755, 2012.
CONCENÇO, G.; SILVA, C. J.; TOMAZI, M.; CORREIA, I. V. T.; SOUZA, N. C. D. S.; ANDRES, A. Infestation of weed species in pre-planting of soybean in succession to winter crops. Planta Daninha, Viçosa, MG, v. 31, n. 3, p. 551-558, 2013.
COSTA, L. M.; RESENDE, O.; GONÇALVES, D. N.; SOUSA, K. A. Qualidade dos frutos de crambe durante o armazenamento. Revista Brasileira de Sementes, Londrina, v. 34, n. 2, p. 293-301, 2012a.
COSTA, L. M.; RESENDE, O.; GONÇALVES, D. N.; SOUSA, K. A.; SALES, J. F.; DONADON, J. R. The influence of drying on the physiological quality of crambe fruits. Acta Scientiarum Agronomy, Maringá, v. 34, n. 2, p. 213-218, 2012b.
DALCHIAVON, M. P.; SANTOS, R. F.; SOUZA, S. N. M.; BASSEGIO, D.; ROSSETTO, C.; BAUERMANN, H. B. Comportamento de altura de plantas de Crambe abyssynica em função da variação de densidade de plantio. Acta Iguazu, Cascavel, v. 1, n. 3, p. 33-43, 2012.
FALASCA, S. L.; FLORES, N.; LAMAS, M. C.; CARBALLO, S. M.; ANSCHAU, A. Crambe abyssinica: An almost unknown crop with a promissory future to produce biodiesel in Argentina. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, Miami, v. 35, n. 11, p. 5808-5012, 2010.
HEINZ, R.; GARBIATE, M. V.; VIEGAS NETO, A. L.; MOTA, L. H. S.; CORREIA, A. M. P.; VITORINO, A. C. T. Decomposição e liberação de nutrientes de resíduos culturais de crambe e nabo forrageiro. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 41, n. 9, p. 1549-1555, 2011.
JASPER, S. P.; BIAGGIONI, M. A. M.; SILVA, P. R. A. Comparação do custo de produção do crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) com outras culturas oleaginosas em sistema de plantio direto. Energia Agricola, Botucatu, v. 25, n. 4, p. 141-153, 2010.
LAGHETTI, G.; PIERGIOVANNI, A. R.; PERRINO, P. Yield and oil quality in selected lines of Crambe abyssinica Hochst. ex R. E. Fries and C. hispanica L. grown in Italy. Industrial Crops and Products, Amsterdam, v. 4, n. 3, p. 203-212, 1995.
LARA-FIOREZE, A. C. C.; TOMAZ, C. A.; FIOREZE, S. L.; PILON, C.; ZANOTTO, M. D. Genetic diversity among progenies of Crambe abyssinica Hochst for seed traits. Industrial Crops and Products, Amsterdam, v. 50, p. 771-775, 2013.
MARTINS, L. D.; COSTA, F. P.; LOPES, J. C.; RODRIGUES, W. N. Influence of pre-germination treatments and temperature on the germination of crambe seeds (Crambe abyssinica Hochst). Idesia, Arica, v. 30, n. 3, p. 23-28, 2012.
MAUAD, M.; GARCIA, R. A.; VITORINO, A. C. T.; SILVA, R. M. M. F.; GARBIATE, M. V.; COELHO, L. C. F. Matéria seca e acúmulo de macronutrientes na parte aérea das plantas de Crambe. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 43, n. 5, p. 771-778, 2013.
OPLINGER, E. S.; OELKE, E. A.; KAMINSKI, A. R.; PUTNAM, D. H.; TEYNOR, T. M.; DOLL, J. D.; KELLING, K. A.; DURGAN, B. R.; NOETZEL, D. M. Crambe: alternative field crops manual. St. Paul: University of Minnesota, 1991. 3 p.
PACHECO, L. P.; MONTEIRO, M. M. S.; PETTER, F. A.; ALCANTARA NETO, F.; ALMEIDA, F. A. Cover crops on the development of beggar’s-tick. Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical, Goiânia, v. 43, n. 2, p. 170-177, 2013.
PILAU, F. G.; BATTISTI, R.; SOMAVILLA, L.; SCHWERZ, L. Temperatura basal, duração do ciclo e constante térmica para a cultura do crambe. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 70, n. 4, p. 958-964, 2011.
PITOL, C.; BROCH, D. L.; ROSCOE, R. Tecnologia e produção: crambe 2010. Maracaju: Fundação MS, 2010.
ROGÉRIO, F.; SILVA, T. R. B.; SANTOS, J. I.; POLETINE, J. P. Phosphorus fertilization influences grain yield and oil content in crambe. Industrial Crops and Products, Amsterdam, v. 41, p. 266-268, 2013.
SANTOS, J. I.; SILVA, T. R. B.; ROGERIO, F.; SANTOS, R. F.; SECCO, D. Yield response in crambe to potassium fertilizer. Industrial Crops and Products, Amsterdam, v. 43, p. 297-300, 2013.
SILVA, F. A.; TEODORO, P. E.; CASOTI, G. S.; CORREA, C. G.; RIBEIRO, L. P.; TORRES, F. E. Correlações e parâmetros genéticos em crambe cultivado em diferentes arranjos espaciais. Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Lisboa, v. 37, n. 4, p. 441-446, 2014.
TOEBE, M.; LOPES, S. J.; STORCK, L.; SILVEIRA, T. R.; MILANI, M.; CASAROTTO, G. Estimativa de plastocromo em crambe. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 40, n. 4, p. 793-799, 2010.
WANG, Y. P.; TANG, J. S.; CHU, C. Q.; TIAN, J. A preliminary study on the introduction and cultivation of Crambe abyssinica in China, an oil plant for industrial uses. Industrial Crops and Products, Amsterdam, v. 12, n. 1, p. 47-52, 2000.
WAZILEWSKI, W. T.; BARICCATTI, R. A; MARTINS, G. I.; SECCO, D.; SOUZA, S. N. M.; ROSA, H. A.; CHAVES, L. I. Study of the methyl crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) and soybean biodiesel oxidative stability. Industrial Crops and Products, Amsterdam, v. 43, p. 207-212, 2013.
WHITE, G. A.; HIGGINS, J. J. Culture of crambe a new industrial oilseed crop. ARS, USDA. Production Research Report, Washington, v. 95, p. 1-20, 1966.
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2018-02-16
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Zoz, T., Steiner, F., Zoz, A., Castagnara, D. D., Witt, T. W., Zanotto, M. D., & Auld, D. L. (2018). Effect of row spacing and plant density on grain yield and yield components of Crambe abyssinica Hochst. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 39(1), 393–402. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n1p393
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