Distribuição de moscas brancas e interação com endosimbiontes no Estado do Paraná
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2023v44n5p1661Palavras-chave:
Arsenophonus, Bemisia tabaci, Hamiltonella, Portiera, Rickettsia, Trialeurodes vaporariorum.Resumo
As moscas brancas formam um complexo de espécies crípticas que são geneticamente distintas, mas morfologicamente indistinguíveis umas das outras. Bemisia tabaci e Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Tvap) são as espécies que mais se destacam pelos prejuízos à agricultura. No Brasil, foram descritas três espécies de B. tabaci, New Word (NW), Middle East-Asia Minor (MEAM1) e Mediterranean (MED). Além disso, as moscas brancas apresentam associações simbióticas com bactérias endossimbiontes que podem promover vantagens adaptativas ao inseto. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar espécies/biótipos de mosca-branca em municípios do Paraná e suas respectivas interações com bactérias endossimbiontes. Os insetos foram coletados em 14 municípios de regiões edafoclimáticas do Paraná, em cultivos agrícolas ou plantas daninhas. Os insetos e respectivos endossimbiontes foram identificados por meio de análises moleculares baseadas em PCR previamente publicadas. Observou-se que B. tabaci MEAM1, MED, NW e Tvap representaram 39,8%; 27,0%; 6,3% e 23,7% dos espécimes coletados. Os insetos apresentaram interação com Portiera, Arsenophonus, Rickettsia, Hamiltonella e Wolbachia, de forma isolada ou em coinfecção, constatando-se para alguns casos a interação com cinco endossimbiontes em algumas localidades. A incidência de Tvap em campo aberto e de MED, principalmente no Sudeste do estado, onde as temperaturas são mais amenas, além das interações com endossimbiontes que conferem aos insetos vantagens adaptativas configura um alerta fitossanitário para a defesa do Paraná.
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