Biomarcadores cardíacos e metabólitos sanguíneos em vacas com cetose clínica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6Supl3p3525Palavras-chave:
Ácidos graxos não esterificados, ?-Hidroxibutirato, Creatina quinase MB, Sensibilidade à insulina, Troponina cardíaca I.Resumo
A intensificação do desequilíbrio energético no início da lactação é responsável pelo surgimento de distúrbios metabólicos em vacas de alta produção leiteira, em especial a cetose clínica. Este trabalho objetivou estudar o comportamento clínico, os parâmetros bioquímicos e os biomarcadores cardíacos, isoenzima MB da creatina quinase (CK-MB) e troponina cardíaca I (cTnI), de 15 vacas diagnosticadas com cetose clínica, atendidas na Clínica de Bovinos de Garanhuns, Campus da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Nove dessas 15 vacas foram diagnosticadas com cetose primária e seis apresentaram doenças concomitantes como, deslocamento de abomaso à esquerda, metrite, pneumonia e insuficiência renal. Os sinais clínicos observados foram inespecíficos, tais como diminuição do apetite, da produção de leite e do peso. Aproximadamente 53% dos animais apresentaram sintomatologia nervosa. Para avaliação bioquímica foi selecionado um grupo de 15 vacas de alta produção, sadias e em estágio inicial de lactação, para compor o grupo controle. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância para comparação simultânea entre duas médias, permitindo testar a hipótese sobre as médias dos distintos grupos, além de correlações de Pearson, ao nível de 5 % de probabilidade. As variáveis, ?-Hidroxibutirato (BHB), ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNEs), glicose, frutosamina, proteína total, albumina, creatinina, aspartato aminotransferase, creatina quinase, CK-MB e cTnI apresentaram-se mais elevadas no grupo de animais cetóticos. Os animais doentes apresentaram variação no estado glicêmico e redução da sensibilidade dos tecidos à insulina, com menor valor do índice RQUICKI-BHB, principalmente aqueles animais hiperglicêmicos. A elevação dos biomarcadores cardíacos sugere a ocorrência de lesão miocárdica associada à cetose bovina.Downloads
Não há dados estatísticos.
Referências
ALLEN, M. S.; PIANTONI, P. Metabolic control of feed intake: implication for metabolic disease of fresh cows. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 1, p. 279-297, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.04.001
ALLISON, R. W. Avaliação laboratorial das proteínas do plasma e do soro sanguíneo. In: THRALL, M. A.; WEISER, G.; ALLISON, R. W.; CAMPBELL, T. W. Hematologia e bioquímica clínica veterinária. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2015a. Cap. 29, p. 398-411.
ALLISON, R. W. Avaliação laboratorial do pâncreas e metabolismo da glicose. In: THRALL, M. A.; WEISER, G.; ALLISON, R. W.; CAMPBELL, T. W. Hematologia e bioquímica clínica veterinária. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2015b. Cap. 27, p. 367-380.
AL-QUDAH, K. M. Oxidant and antioxidant profile of hyperketonemic ewes affected by pregnancy toxemia. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Madison, v. 40, n. 1, p. 60-65, 2011. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165X.2011.00284.x
ASRAT, M.; TADESSE, G. H.; GOUNDER, R. V.; NAGAPPAN, R. Prevalence and treatment of ketosis in dairy cows in and around Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. British Journal of Dairy Sciences, Taiwan, v. 3, n. 3, p. 26-30, 2013.
BALI, G.; HUSSAIN, K.; RAZZAQUE, W. A. A.; SHARMA, U.; BEIGH, S. A. Clinico-biochemical studies of ketosis in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, Bangkok, v. 35, n. 1, p. 27-32, 2016.
BALOGH, O.; SZEPES, O.; KOVACS, K.; KULCSAR, M.; REICZIGEL, J.; ALCAZAR, J. A.; KERESZTES, M.; FEBEL, H.; BARTYIK, J.; FEKETE, S. G. Y.; FSUS, L.; HUSZENICZA, G. Y. Interrelationships of growth hormone AluI polymorphismo, insulin resistance, milk production and reproductive performance in Holstein-Friesian cows. Veterinární Medicína, Prague, v. 53, n. 11, p. 604-616, 2008. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2008.11.002
BASBUGAN, Y.; YÜKSEK, N.; ALTUG, N. Significance of homocysteine and cardiac markers in cattle with hypocalcemia. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ankara, v. 39, p. 699-704, 2015. DOI: 10.3906/vet-1505-101
BISWAL, S.; NAYAK, D. C.; SARDAR, K. K. Prevalence of ketosis in dairy cows in milk shed areas of Odisha state, India. Veterinary World, Rajkot, v. 9, n. 11, p. 1242-1247, 2016. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1242-1247
CÂMARA, A. C. L.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; COSTA, N. A.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; SOUZA, M. I. Primary abomasal impaction in 14 cattle from Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 29, n. 5, p. 387-394, 2009. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2009000500005
CÂMARA, A. C. L.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; COSTA, N. A.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; SOUZA, M. I.; BORGES, J. R. J. Risk factors, clinical and laboratorial findings and therapeutic evaluation in 36 cattle with abomasal displacement. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 30, n. 5, p. 453-464, 2010. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2010000500014.
CEBRA, C. K.; GARRY, F.; GETZY, D. M.; FETTMAN, M. J. Hepatic lipidosis in anorectic, lactating holstein cattle: a retrospective study of serum biochemical abnormalities. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Greenwood Village, v. 11, n. 4, p. 231-237, 1997. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00096.x
CHALMEH, A.; HAJIMOHAMMADI, A. Circulating metabolic hormones in different metabolic states of high producing Holstein dairy cows. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, v. 10, n. 4, p. 277-284, 2016.
CHAPINAL, N.; CARSON, M.; DUFFIELD, T. F.; CAPEL, M.; GODDEN, S.; OVERTON, M.; SANTOS, J. E. P.; LEBLANC, S. J. The association of serum metabolites with clinical disease during the transition period. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 94, n. 10, p. 4897-4903, 2011. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-4075
CONSTABLE, P. D.; HINCHCLIFF, K. W.; DONE, S. H.; GRÜNBERG, W. Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats. 11th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2017. 2358 p.
DAR, A. M.; MALIK, H. U.; SHAH, O. S.; BEIGH, S. A.; HUSSAIN, S. A.; HUSSAIN, T.; JAN, A.; AMIN, U.; NABI, S. U. Retrospective and prospective studies on prevalence of Bovine ketosis in Kashmir Valley. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, Rohini, v. 5, n. 6, p. 1832-1835, 2017.
DIRKSEN, G.; GRÜNDER, H. D.; STÖBER, M. Rosenberger: exame clínico dos bovinos. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 1993. 419 p.
DJOKOVIĆ, R.; CINCOVIĆ, M.; KURĆUBIĆ, V.; PETROVIĆ, M.; LALOVIĆ, M.; JAŠOVIĆ, B.; STANIMIROVIC, Z. Endocrine and metabolic status of dairy cows during transition period. Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Taipei, v. 44, n. 1, p. 59-66, 2014.
DJOKOVIĆ, R.; DOSKOVIĆ, V.; CINCOVIĆ, M.; BELIĆ, B.; FRATRIĆ, N.; JAŠOVIĆ, B.; LALOVIĆ, M. Estimation of insulin resistance in healthy and ketotic cows during an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Faisalabad, v. 37, n. 4, p. 387-392, 2017.
DJOKOVIĆ, R.; ŠAMANC, H.; ILIĆ, Z.; KURĆUBIĆ, V. Blood glucose, insulin and inorganic phosphorus in healthy and ketotic dairy cows after intravenous infusion of glucose solution. Acta Veterinaria Brno, Brno, v. 78, n. 3, p. 449-453, 2009. DOI: 10.2754/avb200978030449
DRACKLEY, J. K.; DANN, H. M.; DOUGLAS, N.; GURETZKY, N. A. J.; LITHERLAND, N. B.; UNDERWOOD, J. P.; LOOR, J. J. Physiological and pathological adaptations in dairy cows that may increase susceptibility to periparturient diseases and disorders. Italian Journal of Animal Science, v. 4, n. 4, p. 323-344, 2005. DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2005.323
DUFFIELD, T. F.; LISSEMORE, K. D.; MCBRIDE, B. W.; LESLIE, E. K. E. Impact of hyperketonemia in early lactation dairy cows on health and production. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 92, n. 2, p. 571-580, 2009. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1507
EL-DEEB, W. M. Ketosis and associated oxidative stress in ruminants. Veterinary Science & Technology, v. 6, n. 1, p. 114, 2015. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000e114
ELITOK, B.; SOLAK, M.; KABU, M.; ELITOK, O. M.; SOYLEMEZ, Z.; FISTIK, T. Clinical, haematological, serum biochemical and cytogenetic study in cows with primary ketosis. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Faisalabad, v. 30, n. 3, p. 50-54, 2010.
FORSLUND, K. B.; LJUNGVALL, O. A.; JONES, E. B. Low cortisol levels in blood from dairy cows with ketosis: a field study. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, London, v. 52, n. 31, p. 1-6, 2010. DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-52-31.
FOSTER, L. A. Clinical ketosis. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 4, n. 2, p. 253-265, 1988.
GEREDE, D. M.; KOZLUCA, V.; ESENBOĞA, K.; AYDOĞAN, B. İ.; TUTAR, E. Markedly elevated troponin in diabetic ketoacidosis without acute coronary syndrome. Turkish Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey, v. 20, p. 58-60, 2016. DOI: 10.4274/tjem.2997
GOFF, J. P. Calcium and magnesium disorders. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 30, n. 2, p. 359-381, 2014. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.04.003
GONZÁLEZ, F. D.; MUIÑO, R.; PEREIRA, V.; CAMPOS, R.; BENEDITO, J. L. Relationship among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function during early lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Science, Seoul, v. 12, n. 3, p. 251-255, 2011. DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2011.12.3.251
GORDON, J. L.; LEBLANC, S. J.; DUFFIELD, T. F. Ketosis treatment in lactating dairy cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 2, p. 433-445, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.001
HAYIRLI, A. The role of exogenous insulin in the complex of hepatic lipidosis and ketosis associated with insulin resistance phenomenon in postpartum dairy cattle. Veterinary Research Communications, v. 30, n. 7, p. 749-774, 2006. DOI: 10.1007/s11259-006-3320-6
HENZE, P.; BICKHARDT, K.; FUHRMANN, H.; SALLMANN, H. P. Spontaneous pregnancy toxaemia (Ketosis) in sheep and the role of insulin. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, Berlin, v. 45, p. 255-266, 1998.
HOFFMANN, W. E.; SOLTER, P. F. Diagnostic enzymology of domestic animals. In: KANEKO, J. J.; HARVEY, J. W.; BRUSS, M. L. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 2008. Cap. 12, p. 351-378.
HOLTENIUS, P.; HOLTENIUS, K. A model to estimate insulin sensitivity in dairy cows. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, London, v. 49, n. 1, p. 29-31, 2007. DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-49-29
İSSİ, M.; GÜL, Y.; BAŞBUĞ, O. Evaluation of renal and hepatic functions in cattle with subclinical and clinical ketosis. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ankara, v. 40, n. 1, p. 47-52, 2016. DOI: 10.3906/vet-1505-16
JACOB, T.; PAKKIRI, M. Oxidative stress and the level of antioxidants in the condition of sub-clinical ketosis associated with the increased milk somatic cell count. International Journal of Livestock Research, v. 7, n. 5, p. 228-233, 2017. DOI:10.5455/ijlr.20170409094749
JAIN, S. K.; MCVIE, R.; BOCCHINI JUNIOR, J. A. Hyperketonemia (ketosis), oxidative stress and type 1 diabetes. Pathophysiology, v. 13, p. 163-170, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2006.05.005
KANEKO, J. J. Carbohydrate metabolism and its diseases. In: KANEKO, J. T.; HARVEY, S. W.; BRUSS, M. L. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 2008. Cap. 3, p. 45-80.
KARIMI, N.; MOHRI, M.; ALDIN, H.; AZIZZADEH, M.; HEIDARPOUR, M. Relationships between trace elements, oxidative stress and subclinical ketosis during transition period in dairy cows. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, Mashhad, v. 7, n. 2, p. 46-56, 2015. DOI: 10.22067/veterinary.v7i2.45798
KERESTES, M.; FAIGL, V.; KULCSÁR, M.; BALOGH, O.; FÖLDI, J.; FÉBEL, H.; CHILLIARD, Y.; HUSZENICZA, G. Periparturient insulin secretion and whole-body insulin responsiveness in dairy cows showing various forms of ketone pattern with or without puerperal metritis. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, v. 37, n. 4, p. 250-261, 2009. DOI:10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.07.003
KOSTER, J. D.; OPSOMER, G. Insulin resistance in dairy cows. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 1, p. 299-322, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.04.002
KUMAR, A.; SINDHU, N.; KUMAR, P.; KUMAR, T.; CHARAYA, G.; SURBHI; JAIN, V. K.; SRIDHAR. Incidence and clinical vital parameters in primary ketosis of Murrah buffaloes. Veterinary World, Rajkot, v. 8, n. 9, p. 1083-1087, 2015. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.1083-108
LEAN, I. J. Non-infectious diseases: ketosis. Bovine Research Australasia, Australia, v. 2, p. 815-823, 2002.
LIMA, E. S.; ABDALLA, D. S. P. Peroxidação lipídica: mecanismos e avaliação em amostras biológicas. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo, v. 37, n. 3, p. 293-303, 2001.
LITTLE, T. M.; HILLS, F. J. Agricultural experimentation: design and analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1978. 350 p.
MARUTSOVA, V.; MARUTSOV, P. Body condition scoring and changes in some blood biochemical parameters in cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis. International Journal of Advanced Research, v. 4, n. 11, p. 405-412, 2016. DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/2098
MCART, J. A. A.; NYDAM, D. V.; OETZEL, G. R.; OVERTON, T. R.; OSPINA, P. A. Elevated non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate and their association with transition dairy cow performance. The Veterinary Journal, Londres, v. 198, n. 3, p. 560-570, 2013. DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/2098
NASCIMENTO, P. M. Impacto da administração das vitaminas D e E na sensibilidades insulínica, metabolismo oxidativo e aspectos da imunidade de ovelhas no período periparto. 2018. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência) – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.
OETZEL, G. R. Herd-level ketosis – diagnosis and risk factors. In: PRECONFERENCE SEMINAR 7C: DAIRY HERD PROBLEM INVESTIGATION STRATEGIES: TRANSITION COW TROUBLESHOOTING, ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 40., 2007, Vancouver. Proceeding… Vancouver: University of Wisconsin, 2007. p. 67-91. Available at: https://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/dms/fapm/fapmtools/ 2nutr/ketosis.pdf. Accessed at: 20 jan. 2019.
ORMAZABAL, V.; NAIR, S.; ELFEKY, O.; AGUAYO, C.; SALOMON, C.; ZUNIGA, F. A. Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Diabetology, v. 17, n. 122, p. 4-14, 2018. DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0762-4
RASMUSSENT, L. K.; NIELSEN, B. L.; PRYCE, J. E.; MOTTRAM, T. T.; VEERKAMP, R. F. Risk factors associated with the incidence of ketosis in dairy cows. Animal Science, Liverpool, v. 68, p. 379-386, 1999. DOI: 10.1017/S1357729800050372
REDDY, B. S.; REDDY, B. S. S.; REDDY, Y. V. P.; VENNKATASIVAKUMAR, R. Nervous form of ketosis in cows and its treatment. International Journal of Biological Research, Ras Al Khaimah, v. 2, n. 2, p. 43-144, 2014. DOI: 10.14419/ijbr.v2i2.3591
REIS, J. F.; MADUREIRA, K. M.; SILVA, C. P. C.; BALDACIM, V. P. A.; FAGLIARI, J. J.; GOMES, V. Serum protein profile of Holstein cows during the transition period. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v. 68, n. 3, p. 587-595, 2016. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8772
SAHINDURAN, S.; SEZER, K.; BUYUKOGLU, T.; ALBAY, M. K.; KARAKURUMM, M. C. Evaluation of some haematological and biochemical parameters before and after treatment in cows with ketosis and comparison of different treatment methods. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, Dubai, v. 9, n. 2, p. 266-271, 2010. DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.266.271
SANTOS, F. C. O.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; SILVA FILHO, A. P.; CARVALHO, C. C. D.; SOARES, P. C.; AFONSO, J. A. B. Biochemical and hormonal indicators of natural cases of pregnancy toxaemia of in sheep. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 31, n. 11, p. 974-980, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2011001100006
SATO, H. Increased blood concentration of isopropanol in ketotic dairy cows and isopropanol production from acetone in the rumen. Animal Science Journal, v. 80, n. 4, p. 381-386, 2009. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00649.x
SAUT, J. P. E.; MIYASHIRO, S. I.; RAIMONDO, R. F. S.; BIRGEL JUNIOR, E. H. Influência do período pós-parto no proteinograma de vacas holandesas, obtido através da técnica de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Ciência Animal Brasileira, Goiânia, p. 244-249, 2009. Suplemento1.
SEIFI, H. A.; LEBLANC, S. J.; LESLIE, K. E.; DUFFIELD, T. F. Metabolic predictors of post-partum disease and culling risk in dairy cattle. The Veterinary Journal, Londres, v. 188, n. 2, p. 216-220, 2011. DOI: doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.04.007
ŞENTÜRK, S.; CİHAN, H.; MECİTOĞLU, Z.; ÇATIK, S.; DEMİR AKGÜL, G.; KASAP, S.; TOPAL, O. Prevalence of ketosis in dairy herds in Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. Ankara Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, Ankara, v. 63, n. 3, p. 283-288, 2016. DOI: 10.1501/Vetfak_0000002741
SHIN, E. K.; JEONG, J. K.; CHOI, I. S.; KANG, H. G. Theriogenology relationships among ketosis, serum metabolites, body condition, and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows. Theriogenology, v. 84, n. 2, p. 252-260, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.014
SILVA FILHO, A. P.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; SOUZA, J. C. A.; DANTAS, A. C.; COSTA, N. A.; MENDONÇA, C. L. Achados clínicos de bovinos com úlcera de abomaso. Veterinária e Zootecnia, Botucatu, v. 19, n. 2, p. 196-206, 2012.
SIMONOV, M. R.; VLIZLO, V. V. Some indicators of protein metabolism in blood of cows under ketosis. The Animal Biology, Lviv, v. 15, n. 3, p. 120-124, 2013. DOI: 10.15407/animbiol15.03.120
SORDILLO, L. M.; WILLIAM, R. Significance of metabolic stress, lipid mobilization, and inflammation on transition cow disorders. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 1, p. 267-278, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.002
SORONDO, M. L.; CIRIO, A. Evaluation of the serum fructosamine test to monitor plasma glucose concentration in the transition dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Research, v. 76, n. 2, p. 173-178, 2009. DOI: 10.1017/S0022029908003750
SOUTO, R. J. C.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; CARVALHO, C. C. D.; SILVA FILHO, A. P.; CAJUEIRO, J. F. P.; LIMA, E. H. F.; SOARES, P. C. Biochemical, electrolytic and hormonal findings in goats affected with pregnancy toxemia. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 33, n. 10, p. 1174-1182, 2013. DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013001000002
SOUZA, L. M.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; ASSIS, R. N.; NUNES, D.; OLIVEIRA FILHO, E. F.; SOUTO, R. J. C.; SOARES, P. C.; AFONSO, J. A. B. Use of troponin I and CK-MB as heart biomarkers in sheep affected by pregnancy toxemia. Medicina Veterinária (UFRPE), Recife, v. 12, p. 143-143, 2018. Supplement 1.
STENGÄRDE, L.; HOLTENIUS, K.; EMANUELSON, U.; HULTGREN, J.; NISKANEN, R.; TRÅVÉN, M. Blood parameters in Swedish dairy herds with high or low incidence of displaced abomasum or ketosis. The Veterinary Journal, Londres, v. 190, n. 1, p. 124-130, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.09.011
SUTHAR, V. S.; CANELAS-RAPOSO, J.; DENIZ, A.; HEUWIESER, W. Prevalence of subclinical ketosis and relationships with postpartum diseases in European dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 96, n. 5, p. 1-14, 2013. DOI: 1 0.3168/jds.2012-6035
THARWAT, M.; AL-SOBAYIL, F.; AL-SOBAYIL, K. The cardiac biomarkers troponin I and CK-MB in nonpregnant and pregnant goats, goats with normal birth, goats with prolonged birth, and goats with pregnancy toxemia. Theriogenology, v. 78, p. 1500-1507, 2012. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.06.013
TONTIS, A.; ZWAHLEN, R. Pregnancy toxemia of small ruminants with special reference to pathomorphology. Tierarztl Praxis, v. 15, n. 1, p. 25-29, 1987.
UPADHYAY, S. R.; SHARMA, N.; PANDEY, V. Nervous ketosis in buffalo - a case report. Intas Polivet, Ahmedabad, v. 8, n. 2, p. 404-406, 2007.
VAJA, V. B.; MANVAR, N. B.; DODIYA, P. G.; PATEL, J. S.; JOSEPH, J. P.; PATEL, B. R. Clinico-therapeutic management of ketosis in gir cattle. International Journal of Science, Environment, v. 5, n. 5, p. 3429-3434, 2016.
VANHOLDER, T.; PAPEN, J.; BEMERS, R.; VERTENTEN, G.; BERGE, A. C. B. Risk factors or subclinical and clinical ketosis and association with production parameters in dairy cows in the Netherlands. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 98, n. 2, p. 880-888, 2015. DOI: 1 0.3168/jds.2014-8362
VARGA, A.; ANGELOS, J. A.; GRAHAM, T. W.; CHIGERWE, M. Preliminary investigation of cardiac troponin I concentration in cows with common production diseases. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Greenwood Village, v. 27, p. 1613-1621, 2013. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12213
WOOTTON, P. Nervous ketosis. Canadian Veterinary Journal, Guelph, v. 33, p. 194-194, 1992.
XU, C.; SHU, S.; XIA, C.; WANG, B.; ZHANG, H. Y.; JUN, B. Investigation on the relationship of insulin resistance and ketosis in dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Science & Technology, v. 5, n. 2, p. 2-5, 2014. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000162
YAMEOGO, N.; OUEDRAOGO, G. A.; KANYANDEKWE, C.; SAWADOGO, G. J. Relationship between ketosis and dairy cows’ blood metabolites in intensive production farms of the periurban area of Dakar. Tropical Animal Health and Production, Edinburgh, v. 40, p. 483-490, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-007-9124-z
ALLISON, R. W. Avaliação laboratorial das proteínas do plasma e do soro sanguíneo. In: THRALL, M. A.; WEISER, G.; ALLISON, R. W.; CAMPBELL, T. W. Hematologia e bioquímica clínica veterinária. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2015a. Cap. 29, p. 398-411.
ALLISON, R. W. Avaliação laboratorial do pâncreas e metabolismo da glicose. In: THRALL, M. A.; WEISER, G.; ALLISON, R. W.; CAMPBELL, T. W. Hematologia e bioquímica clínica veterinária. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2015b. Cap. 27, p. 367-380.
AL-QUDAH, K. M. Oxidant and antioxidant profile of hyperketonemic ewes affected by pregnancy toxemia. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Madison, v. 40, n. 1, p. 60-65, 2011. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-165X.2011.00284.x
ASRAT, M.; TADESSE, G. H.; GOUNDER, R. V.; NAGAPPAN, R. Prevalence and treatment of ketosis in dairy cows in and around Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. British Journal of Dairy Sciences, Taiwan, v. 3, n. 3, p. 26-30, 2013.
BALI, G.; HUSSAIN, K.; RAZZAQUE, W. A. A.; SHARMA, U.; BEIGH, S. A. Clinico-biochemical studies of ketosis in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Buffalo Bulletin, Bangkok, v. 35, n. 1, p. 27-32, 2016.
BALOGH, O.; SZEPES, O.; KOVACS, K.; KULCSAR, M.; REICZIGEL, J.; ALCAZAR, J. A.; KERESZTES, M.; FEBEL, H.; BARTYIK, J.; FEKETE, S. G. Y.; FSUS, L.; HUSZENICZA, G. Y. Interrelationships of growth hormone AluI polymorphismo, insulin resistance, milk production and reproductive performance in Holstein-Friesian cows. Veterinární Medicína, Prague, v. 53, n. 11, p. 604-616, 2008. DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2008.11.002
BASBUGAN, Y.; YÜKSEK, N.; ALTUG, N. Significance of homocysteine and cardiac markers in cattle with hypocalcemia. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ankara, v. 39, p. 699-704, 2015. DOI: 10.3906/vet-1505-101
BISWAL, S.; NAYAK, D. C.; SARDAR, K. K. Prevalence of ketosis in dairy cows in milk shed areas of Odisha state, India. Veterinary World, Rajkot, v. 9, n. 11, p. 1242-1247, 2016. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1242-1247
CÂMARA, A. C. L.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; COSTA, N. A.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; SOUZA, M. I. Primary abomasal impaction in 14 cattle from Pernambuco State, northeastern Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 29, n. 5, p. 387-394, 2009. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2009000500005
CÂMARA, A. C. L.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; COSTA, N. A.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; SOUZA, M. I.; BORGES, J. R. J. Risk factors, clinical and laboratorial findings and therapeutic evaluation in 36 cattle with abomasal displacement. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 30, n. 5, p. 453-464, 2010. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2010000500014.
CEBRA, C. K.; GARRY, F.; GETZY, D. M.; FETTMAN, M. J. Hepatic lipidosis in anorectic, lactating holstein cattle: a retrospective study of serum biochemical abnormalities. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Greenwood Village, v. 11, n. 4, p. 231-237, 1997. DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1997.tb00096.x
CHALMEH, A.; HAJIMOHAMMADI, A. Circulating metabolic hormones in different metabolic states of high producing Holstein dairy cows. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Tehran, v. 10, n. 4, p. 277-284, 2016.
CHAPINAL, N.; CARSON, M.; DUFFIELD, T. F.; CAPEL, M.; GODDEN, S.; OVERTON, M.; SANTOS, J. E. P.; LEBLANC, S. J. The association of serum metabolites with clinical disease during the transition period. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 94, n. 10, p. 4897-4903, 2011. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-4075
CONSTABLE, P. D.; HINCHCLIFF, K. W.; DONE, S. H.; GRÜNBERG, W. Veterinary medicine: a textbook of the diseases of cattle, horses, sheep, pigs, and goats. 11th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier, 2017. 2358 p.
DAR, A. M.; MALIK, H. U.; SHAH, O. S.; BEIGH, S. A.; HUSSAIN, S. A.; HUSSAIN, T.; JAN, A.; AMIN, U.; NABI, S. U. Retrospective and prospective studies on prevalence of Bovine ketosis in Kashmir Valley. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, Rohini, v. 5, n. 6, p. 1832-1835, 2017.
DIRKSEN, G.; GRÜNDER, H. D.; STÖBER, M. Rosenberger: exame clínico dos bovinos. 3. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 1993. 419 p.
DJOKOVIĆ, R.; CINCOVIĆ, M.; KURĆUBIĆ, V.; PETROVIĆ, M.; LALOVIĆ, M.; JAŠOVIĆ, B.; STANIMIROVIC, Z. Endocrine and metabolic status of dairy cows during transition period. Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Taipei, v. 44, n. 1, p. 59-66, 2014.
DJOKOVIĆ, R.; DOSKOVIĆ, V.; CINCOVIĆ, M.; BELIĆ, B.; FRATRIĆ, N.; JAŠOVIĆ, B.; LALOVIĆ, M. Estimation of insulin resistance in healthy and ketotic cows during an intravenous glucose tolerance test. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Faisalabad, v. 37, n. 4, p. 387-392, 2017.
DJOKOVIĆ, R.; ŠAMANC, H.; ILIĆ, Z.; KURĆUBIĆ, V. Blood glucose, insulin and inorganic phosphorus in healthy and ketotic dairy cows after intravenous infusion of glucose solution. Acta Veterinaria Brno, Brno, v. 78, n. 3, p. 449-453, 2009. DOI: 10.2754/avb200978030449
DRACKLEY, J. K.; DANN, H. M.; DOUGLAS, N.; GURETZKY, N. A. J.; LITHERLAND, N. B.; UNDERWOOD, J. P.; LOOR, J. J. Physiological and pathological adaptations in dairy cows that may increase susceptibility to periparturient diseases and disorders. Italian Journal of Animal Science, v. 4, n. 4, p. 323-344, 2005. DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2005.323
DUFFIELD, T. F.; LISSEMORE, K. D.; MCBRIDE, B. W.; LESLIE, E. K. E. Impact of hyperketonemia in early lactation dairy cows on health and production. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 92, n. 2, p. 571-580, 2009. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1507
EL-DEEB, W. M. Ketosis and associated oxidative stress in ruminants. Veterinary Science & Technology, v. 6, n. 1, p. 114, 2015. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000e114
ELITOK, B.; SOLAK, M.; KABU, M.; ELITOK, O. M.; SOYLEMEZ, Z.; FISTIK, T. Clinical, haematological, serum biochemical and cytogenetic study in cows with primary ketosis. Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Faisalabad, v. 30, n. 3, p. 50-54, 2010.
FORSLUND, K. B.; LJUNGVALL, O. A.; JONES, E. B. Low cortisol levels in blood from dairy cows with ketosis: a field study. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, London, v. 52, n. 31, p. 1-6, 2010. DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-52-31.
FOSTER, L. A. Clinical ketosis. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 4, n. 2, p. 253-265, 1988.
GEREDE, D. M.; KOZLUCA, V.; ESENBOĞA, K.; AYDOĞAN, B. İ.; TUTAR, E. Markedly elevated troponin in diabetic ketoacidosis without acute coronary syndrome. Turkish Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Turkey, v. 20, p. 58-60, 2016. DOI: 10.4274/tjem.2997
GOFF, J. P. Calcium and magnesium disorders. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 30, n. 2, p. 359-381, 2014. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2014.04.003
GONZÁLEZ, F. D.; MUIÑO, R.; PEREIRA, V.; CAMPOS, R.; BENEDITO, J. L. Relationship among blood indicators of lipomobilization and hepatic function during early lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Science, Seoul, v. 12, n. 3, p. 251-255, 2011. DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2011.12.3.251
GORDON, J. L.; LEBLANC, S. J.; DUFFIELD, T. F. Ketosis treatment in lactating dairy cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 2, p. 433-445, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.001
HAYIRLI, A. The role of exogenous insulin in the complex of hepatic lipidosis and ketosis associated with insulin resistance phenomenon in postpartum dairy cattle. Veterinary Research Communications, v. 30, n. 7, p. 749-774, 2006. DOI: 10.1007/s11259-006-3320-6
HENZE, P.; BICKHARDT, K.; FUHRMANN, H.; SALLMANN, H. P. Spontaneous pregnancy toxaemia (Ketosis) in sheep and the role of insulin. Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A, Berlin, v. 45, p. 255-266, 1998.
HOFFMANN, W. E.; SOLTER, P. F. Diagnostic enzymology of domestic animals. In: KANEKO, J. J.; HARVEY, J. W.; BRUSS, M. L. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 2008. Cap. 12, p. 351-378.
HOLTENIUS, P.; HOLTENIUS, K. A model to estimate insulin sensitivity in dairy cows. Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, London, v. 49, n. 1, p. 29-31, 2007. DOI: 10.1186/1751-0147-49-29
İSSİ, M.; GÜL, Y.; BAŞBUĞ, O. Evaluation of renal and hepatic functions in cattle with subclinical and clinical ketosis. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Ankara, v. 40, n. 1, p. 47-52, 2016. DOI: 10.3906/vet-1505-16
JACOB, T.; PAKKIRI, M. Oxidative stress and the level of antioxidants in the condition of sub-clinical ketosis associated with the increased milk somatic cell count. International Journal of Livestock Research, v. 7, n. 5, p. 228-233, 2017. DOI:10.5455/ijlr.20170409094749
JAIN, S. K.; MCVIE, R.; BOCCHINI JUNIOR, J. A. Hyperketonemia (ketosis), oxidative stress and type 1 diabetes. Pathophysiology, v. 13, p. 163-170, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2006.05.005
KANEKO, J. J. Carbohydrate metabolism and its diseases. In: KANEKO, J. T.; HARVEY, S. W.; BRUSS, M. L. Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. 6th ed. San Diego: Academic Press, 2008. Cap. 3, p. 45-80.
KARIMI, N.; MOHRI, M.; ALDIN, H.; AZIZZADEH, M.; HEIDARPOUR, M. Relationships between trace elements, oxidative stress and subclinical ketosis during transition period in dairy cows. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology, Mashhad, v. 7, n. 2, p. 46-56, 2015. DOI: 10.22067/veterinary.v7i2.45798
KERESTES, M.; FAIGL, V.; KULCSÁR, M.; BALOGH, O.; FÖLDI, J.; FÉBEL, H.; CHILLIARD, Y.; HUSZENICZA, G. Periparturient insulin secretion and whole-body insulin responsiveness in dairy cows showing various forms of ketone pattern with or without puerperal metritis. Domestic Animal Endocrinology, v. 37, n. 4, p. 250-261, 2009. DOI:10.1016/j.domaniend.2009.07.003
KOSTER, J. D.; OPSOMER, G. Insulin resistance in dairy cows. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 1, p. 299-322, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.04.002
KUMAR, A.; SINDHU, N.; KUMAR, P.; KUMAR, T.; CHARAYA, G.; SURBHI; JAIN, V. K.; SRIDHAR. Incidence and clinical vital parameters in primary ketosis of Murrah buffaloes. Veterinary World, Rajkot, v. 8, n. 9, p. 1083-1087, 2015. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.1083-108
LEAN, I. J. Non-infectious diseases: ketosis. Bovine Research Australasia, Australia, v. 2, p. 815-823, 2002.
LIMA, E. S.; ABDALLA, D. S. P. Peroxidação lipídica: mecanismos e avaliação em amostras biológicas. Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo, v. 37, n. 3, p. 293-303, 2001.
LITTLE, T. M.; HILLS, F. J. Agricultural experimentation: design and analysis. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1978. 350 p.
MARUTSOVA, V.; MARUTSOV, P. Body condition scoring and changes in some blood biochemical parameters in cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis. International Journal of Advanced Research, v. 4, n. 11, p. 405-412, 2016. DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/2098
MCART, J. A. A.; NYDAM, D. V.; OETZEL, G. R.; OVERTON, T. R.; OSPINA, P. A. Elevated non-esterified fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate and their association with transition dairy cow performance. The Veterinary Journal, Londres, v. 198, n. 3, p. 560-570, 2013. DOI: 10.21474/IJAR01/2098
NASCIMENTO, P. M. Impacto da administração das vitaminas D e E na sensibilidades insulínica, metabolismo oxidativo e aspectos da imunidade de ovelhas no período periparto. 2018. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência) – Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.
OETZEL, G. R. Herd-level ketosis – diagnosis and risk factors. In: PRECONFERENCE SEMINAR 7C: DAIRY HERD PROBLEM INVESTIGATION STRATEGIES: TRANSITION COW TROUBLESHOOTING, ANNUAL CONFERENCE, 40., 2007, Vancouver. Proceeding… Vancouver: University of Wisconsin, 2007. p. 67-91. Available at: https://www.vetmed.wisc.edu/dms/fapm/fapmtools/ 2nutr/ketosis.pdf. Accessed at: 20 jan. 2019.
ORMAZABAL, V.; NAIR, S.; ELFEKY, O.; AGUAYO, C.; SALOMON, C.; ZUNIGA, F. A. Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc Diabetology, v. 17, n. 122, p. 4-14, 2018. DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0762-4
RASMUSSENT, L. K.; NIELSEN, B. L.; PRYCE, J. E.; MOTTRAM, T. T.; VEERKAMP, R. F. Risk factors associated with the incidence of ketosis in dairy cows. Animal Science, Liverpool, v. 68, p. 379-386, 1999. DOI: 10.1017/S1357729800050372
REDDY, B. S.; REDDY, B. S. S.; REDDY, Y. V. P.; VENNKATASIVAKUMAR, R. Nervous form of ketosis in cows and its treatment. International Journal of Biological Research, Ras Al Khaimah, v. 2, n. 2, p. 43-144, 2014. DOI: 10.14419/ijbr.v2i2.3591
REIS, J. F.; MADUREIRA, K. M.; SILVA, C. P. C.; BALDACIM, V. P. A.; FAGLIARI, J. J.; GOMES, V. Serum protein profile of Holstein cows during the transition period. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v. 68, n. 3, p. 587-595, 2016. DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8772
SAHINDURAN, S.; SEZER, K.; BUYUKOGLU, T.; ALBAY, M. K.; KARAKURUMM, M. C. Evaluation of some haematological and biochemical parameters before and after treatment in cows with ketosis and comparison of different treatment methods. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, Dubai, v. 9, n. 2, p. 266-271, 2010. DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.266.271
SANTOS, F. C. O.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; SILVA FILHO, A. P.; CARVALHO, C. C. D.; SOARES, P. C.; AFONSO, J. A. B. Biochemical and hormonal indicators of natural cases of pregnancy toxaemia of in sheep. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 31, n. 11, p. 974-980, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S0100-736X2011001100006
SATO, H. Increased blood concentration of isopropanol in ketotic dairy cows and isopropanol production from acetone in the rumen. Animal Science Journal, v. 80, n. 4, p. 381-386, 2009. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2009.00649.x
SAUT, J. P. E.; MIYASHIRO, S. I.; RAIMONDO, R. F. S.; BIRGEL JUNIOR, E. H. Influência do período pós-parto no proteinograma de vacas holandesas, obtido através da técnica de eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida. Ciência Animal Brasileira, Goiânia, p. 244-249, 2009. Suplemento1.
SEIFI, H. A.; LEBLANC, S. J.; LESLIE, K. E.; DUFFIELD, T. F. Metabolic predictors of post-partum disease and culling risk in dairy cattle. The Veterinary Journal, Londres, v. 188, n. 2, p. 216-220, 2011. DOI: doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.04.007
ŞENTÜRK, S.; CİHAN, H.; MECİTOĞLU, Z.; ÇATIK, S.; DEMİR AKGÜL, G.; KASAP, S.; TOPAL, O. Prevalence of ketosis in dairy herds in Marmara, Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. Ankara Universitesi Veteriner Fakultesi Dergisi, Ankara, v. 63, n. 3, p. 283-288, 2016. DOI: 10.1501/Vetfak_0000002741
SHIN, E. K.; JEONG, J. K.; CHOI, I. S.; KANG, H. G. Theriogenology relationships among ketosis, serum metabolites, body condition, and reproductive outcomes in dairy cows. Theriogenology, v. 84, n. 2, p. 252-260, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.03.014
SILVA FILHO, A. P.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; SOUZA, J. C. A.; DANTAS, A. C.; COSTA, N. A.; MENDONÇA, C. L. Achados clínicos de bovinos com úlcera de abomaso. Veterinária e Zootecnia, Botucatu, v. 19, n. 2, p. 196-206, 2012.
SIMONOV, M. R.; VLIZLO, V. V. Some indicators of protein metabolism in blood of cows under ketosis. The Animal Biology, Lviv, v. 15, n. 3, p. 120-124, 2013. DOI: 10.15407/animbiol15.03.120
SORDILLO, L. M.; WILLIAM, R. Significance of metabolic stress, lipid mobilization, and inflammation on transition cow disorders. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, London, v. 29, n. 1, p. 267-278, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.cvfa.2013.03.002
SORONDO, M. L.; CIRIO, A. Evaluation of the serum fructosamine test to monitor plasma glucose concentration in the transition dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Research, v. 76, n. 2, p. 173-178, 2009. DOI: 10.1017/S0022029908003750
SOUTO, R. J. C.; AFONSO, J. A. B.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; CARVALHO, C. C. D.; SILVA FILHO, A. P.; CAJUEIRO, J. F. P.; LIMA, E. H. F.; SOARES, P. C. Biochemical, electrolytic and hormonal findings in goats affected with pregnancy toxemia. Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Seropédica, v. 33, n. 10, p. 1174-1182, 2013. DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2013001000002
SOUZA, L. M.; MENDONÇA, C. L.; ASSIS, R. N.; NUNES, D.; OLIVEIRA FILHO, E. F.; SOUTO, R. J. C.; SOARES, P. C.; AFONSO, J. A. B. Use of troponin I and CK-MB as heart biomarkers in sheep affected by pregnancy toxemia. Medicina Veterinária (UFRPE), Recife, v. 12, p. 143-143, 2018. Supplement 1.
STENGÄRDE, L.; HOLTENIUS, K.; EMANUELSON, U.; HULTGREN, J.; NISKANEN, R.; TRÅVÉN, M. Blood parameters in Swedish dairy herds with high or low incidence of displaced abomasum or ketosis. The Veterinary Journal, Londres, v. 190, n. 1, p. 124-130, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.09.011
SUTHAR, V. S.; CANELAS-RAPOSO, J.; DENIZ, A.; HEUWIESER, W. Prevalence of subclinical ketosis and relationships with postpartum diseases in European dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 96, n. 5, p. 1-14, 2013. DOI: 1 0.3168/jds.2012-6035
THARWAT, M.; AL-SOBAYIL, F.; AL-SOBAYIL, K. The cardiac biomarkers troponin I and CK-MB in nonpregnant and pregnant goats, goats with normal birth, goats with prolonged birth, and goats with pregnancy toxemia. Theriogenology, v. 78, p. 1500-1507, 2012. DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.06.013
TONTIS, A.; ZWAHLEN, R. Pregnancy toxemia of small ruminants with special reference to pathomorphology. Tierarztl Praxis, v. 15, n. 1, p. 25-29, 1987.
UPADHYAY, S. R.; SHARMA, N.; PANDEY, V. Nervous ketosis in buffalo - a case report. Intas Polivet, Ahmedabad, v. 8, n. 2, p. 404-406, 2007.
VAJA, V. B.; MANVAR, N. B.; DODIYA, P. G.; PATEL, J. S.; JOSEPH, J. P.; PATEL, B. R. Clinico-therapeutic management of ketosis in gir cattle. International Journal of Science, Environment, v. 5, n. 5, p. 3429-3434, 2016.
VANHOLDER, T.; PAPEN, J.; BEMERS, R.; VERTENTEN, G.; BERGE, A. C. B. Risk factors or subclinical and clinical ketosis and association with production parameters in dairy cows in the Netherlands. Journal of Dairy Science, Champaign, v. 98, n. 2, p. 880-888, 2015. DOI: 1 0.3168/jds.2014-8362
VARGA, A.; ANGELOS, J. A.; GRAHAM, T. W.; CHIGERWE, M. Preliminary investigation of cardiac troponin I concentration in cows with common production diseases. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Greenwood Village, v. 27, p. 1613-1621, 2013. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12213
WOOTTON, P. Nervous ketosis. Canadian Veterinary Journal, Guelph, v. 33, p. 194-194, 1992.
XU, C.; SHU, S.; XIA, C.; WANG, B.; ZHANG, H. Y.; JUN, B. Investigation on the relationship of insulin resistance and ketosis in dairy cows. Journal of Veterinary Science & Technology, v. 5, n. 2, p. 2-5, 2014. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7579.1000162
YAMEOGO, N.; OUEDRAOGO, G. A.; KANYANDEKWE, C.; SAWADOGO, G. J. Relationship between ketosis and dairy cows’ blood metabolites in intensive production farms of the periurban area of Dakar. Tropical Animal Health and Production, Edinburgh, v. 40, p. 483-490, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s11250-007-9124-z
Downloads
Publicado
2019-10-16
Como Citar
Soares, G. S. L., Ribeiro, A. C. S., Cajueiro, J. F. de P., Souto, R. J. C., Oliveira Filho, E. F. de, Soares, P. C., … Afonso, J. A. B. (2019). Biomarcadores cardíacos e metabólitos sanguíneos em vacas com cetose clínica. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(6Supl3), 3525–3540. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6Supl3p3525
Edição
Seção
Artigos
Licença
Copyright (c) 2019 Semina: Ciências Agrárias
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias adota para suas publicações a licença CC-BY-NC, sendo os direitos autorais do autor, em casos de republicação recomendamos aos autores a indicação de primeira publicação nesta revista.
Esta licença permite copiar e redistribuir o material em qualquer meio ou formato, remixar, transformar e desenvolver o material, desde que não seja para fins comerciais. E deve-se atribuir o devido crédito ao criador.
As opiniões emitidas pelos autores dos artigos são de sua exclusiva responsabilidade.
A revista se reserva o direito de efetuar, nos originais, alterações de ordem normativa, ortográfica e gramatical, com vistas a manter o padrão culto da língua e a credibilidade do veículo. Respeitará, no entanto, o estilo de escrever dos autores. Alterações, correções ou sugestões de ordem conceitual serão encaminhadas aos autores, quando necessário.
