Evaluation of marandu palisadegrass regrowth intervals in silvopastoral and monoculture systems

Regina Pereira Lages; Antônio Clementino dos Santos; Raphael Pavesi Araújo; Juliana Silva de Oliveira; Mirelle Magalhães Souza; Nayara Martins Alencar

doi:10.5433/1679-0359.2024v44n2p495

Autores/as

Regina Pereira Lages Universidade Federal do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2834-3182
Antônio Clementino dos Santos Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7943-7923
Raphael Pavesi Araújo Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia do Tocantins
Juliana Silva de Oliveira Universidade Federal do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-6338
Mirelle Magalhães Souza Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0844-9125
Nayara Martins Alencar Instituto Educacional Santa Catarina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4981-5836

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v44n2p495

Palabras clave:

Diversified system, Forage accumulation, Leaf dry matter, Morphologic composition, Tillers.

Resumen

Silvopastoral systems (SPS) offer a sustainable alternative for animal production in tropical ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of deferment days on herbage accumulation, plant-part composition, and canopy structural characteristics of Marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha Hochst. ex A. Rich.) in SPS with Eucalyptus urophylla and monoculture (MC). The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design, with each system individually allocated at the center of each plot in a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement, consisting of three systems: monoculture, and silvopastoral systems with tree row spacings of 12 m and 18 m, and tree intra-row spacing of 2 m, across four regrowth periods (60, 90, 120, and 150 days), each with three replications. Increasing deferment days reduced the proportion of green components in the forage, affecting tiller population density (TPD), leaf dry mass (LDM), and leaf/stem ratio. Maximum LDM production occurred at approximately 88 days with 0.63 Mg ha^-1, while peak green dry mass (GDM) was at 94 days, reaching 1.11 Mg ha^-1. Both dead material dry mass (DMDM) and total dry mass (TDM) increased linearly with regrowth periods, although TDM comprised about 47% dead forage. A regrowth period of 94 days from March is feasible for Marandu palisadegrass in SPS with 12 m and 18 m between tree rows, demonstrating that this spacing does not hinder forage production.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Biografía del autor/a

Regina Pereira Lages, Universidade Federal do Tocantins

Doctoral Student in the Postgraduate Program in Plant Production, Universidade Federal do Tocantins, UFT, Gurupi, TO, Brazil.

Antônio Clementino dos Santos, Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins

Prof. Dr., Soil Science, Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins, UFNT, Araguaína, TO, Brazil.

Raphael Pavesi Araújo, Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia do Tocantins

Prof. Dr., Animal Science, Instituto Federal do Tocantins, IFTO, Colinas, TO, Brazil.

Juliana Silva de Oliveira, Universidade Federal do Tocantins

M.e in Animal Science, UFT, Araguaína, TO, Brazil.

Mirelle Magalhães Souza, Universidade Federal do Norte do Tocantins

Doctoral Student in the Integrated Postgraduate Program in Animal Husbandry in the Tropics, UFNT, Araguaína, TO, Brazil.

Nayara Martins Alencar, Instituto Educacional Santa Catarina

Profa. Dra., Animal Science, Instituto Educacional Santa Catarina, IESC-FAG, Guaraí, TO, Brazil.

Citas

Alvares, C. A., Stape, J. L., Sentelhas, P. C., Goncalves, J. L. M., & Sparovek, G. (2013). Koppen’s climate classification map for Brazil. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 22(6), 711-728. doi: 10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2013/0507

Alves, L. C., Santos, M. R., Pereira, L. E., Carvalho, A., Rocha, G., Carvalho, B. H. R., Vasconcelos, K. A., & Ávila, A. B. (2019). Morphogenesis of age groups of Marandu palisade grass tillers deferred and fertilised with nitrogen. Semina: Ciencias Agrarias, 40(6), 2683-2692. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2683 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2683

Cabral, C. E. A., Barros, L. V., Abreu, J. G., Silva, F. G. da, Cabra, C. H. A., Behling, A., Neto, Andrade, F. C. F., Sales, K. C., Herrera, D. M., & Dellarmelinda, T. M. M. (2017). Marandu palisade grass intercropped with densely spaced teak in silvopastoral system. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 38(4), 2075-2082. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p2075 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4p2075

Deniz, M., Schmitt, A. L., Fº., Farley, J., Quadros, S. F. D., & Hötzel, M. J. (2019). High biodiversity silvopastoral system as an alternative to improve the thermal environment in the dairy farms. International Journal of Biometeorology, 63(1), 83-92. doi: 10.1007/s00484-018-1638-8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-018-1638-8

Di Loreto, R., Abreu, J. G. de, Cabral, L. S., Behling Neto, A., Ferreira, L. M. M., Cabral, C. E. A., Barros, L. V., Favare, H. G. de, Herrera, D. M., & Herrera, L. D. S. (2019). Nitrogen fertilization of marandu palisadegrass under different periods of deferment. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 34(230172), 1-8. doi: 10.9734/JEAI/2019/v34i230172

Ferreira, D. F. (2011). Sisvar: a computer statistical analysis system. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 35(6), 1039-1042. doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542011000600001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542011000600001

Gomes, F. J., Pedreira, C. G., Bosi, C., Cavalli, J., Holschuch, S. G., Mourão, G. B., Pereira, D. H., & Pedreira, B. C. (2019). Shading effects on Marandu palisadegrass in a silvopastoral system: plant morphological and physiological responses. Agronomy Journal, 111(5), 2332-2340. doi: 10.2134/agronj2019.01.0052 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2019.01.0052

Gouveia, F. D. S., Fonseca, D. M. D., Santos, M. E. R., Gomes, V. M., & Carvalho, A. N. D. (2017). Altura inicial e período de diferimento em pastos de capim-braquiária. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 18(e-43744). doi: 10.1590/1089-6891v18e-43744 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1089-6891v18e-43744

Jank, L. A. B., Barrios, S. C., Valle, C. B., Simeão, R. M., & Alves, G. F. (2014). The value of improved pastures to Brazilian beef production. Crop & Pasture Science, 65(12), 1132-1137. doi: 10.1071/CP13319 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/CP13319

Lopes, C. M., Paciullo, D. S. C., Araújo, S. A. C., Gomide, C. D. M., & Morenz, M. J. F. (2017). Massa de forragem, composição morfológica e valor nutritivo de capim-braquiária submetido a níveis de sombreamento e fertilização. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 69(2), 225-233. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-9201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9201

Loreto, R. D., Abreu, J. G. de, Silva Cabral, L., Behling, A., Neto, Mendes Ferreira, L. M., Avelino Cabral, C. E., Barros, L. V. de, Favare, H. G. de, Herrera, D., & Santos Herrera, L. D. (2019). Nitrogen fertilization of Marandu palisadegrass under different periods of deferment. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 34(2), 1-8. doi: 10.9734/JEAI/2019/v34i230172 DOI: https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2019/v34i230172

Oliveira, D. D. de, Fernandes, F. H. O., Nogueira, H. C. R., Carvalho, A. N. de, Santos, M. E. R., Borges, G. S., & Borges, B. G. (2020). Tillering and characterisation of tillers on marandu palisadegrass deferred and fertilised with nitrogen. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(2), 621-632. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n2p621 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n2p621

Paciullo, D. S. C., Fernandes, P. B., Gomide, C. A. D. M., Castro, C. R. T. D., Sobrinho, F. D. S., & Carvalho, C. A. B. D. (2011). The growth dynamics in Brachiaria species according to nitrogen dose and shade. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 40(2), 270-276. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982011000200006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982011000200006

Paciullo, D. S. C., Lopes, F. C. F., Malaquias, J. D., Jr., Viana, A., Fo, Rodriguez, N. M., Morenz, M. J. F., & Aroeira, L. J. M. (2009). Características do pasto e desempenho de novilhas em sistema silvipastoril e pastagem de braquiária em monocultivo. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 44(11), 1528-1535. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2009001100022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2009001100022

Pandey, C. B., Verma, S. K., Dagar, J. C., & Srivastava, R. C. (2011). Forage production and nitrogen nutrition in three grasses under coconut tree shades in the humid-tropics. Agroforestry Systems, 83(1), 1-12. doi: 10.1007/s10457-011-9407-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9407-2

Pezzopane, J. R. M., Nicodemo, M. L. F., Bosi, C., Garcia, A. R., & Lulu, J. (2019). Animal thermal comfort indexes in silvopastoral systems with different tree arrangements. Journal of Thermal Biology, 79(1), 103-111. doi: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.015 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.015

Prado, D. A., Zanine, A. D. M., Ferreira, D. D. J., Rodrigues, R. C., Santos, E. M., Pinho, R. M. A., & Portela, Y. P. N. (2019). Morphogenetic and structural characteristics, yield and chemical composition of signal grass under deferred grazing. Biological Rhythm Research, 50(1), 1-8. doi: 10.1080/09291016.2019.1621062 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09291016.2019.1621062

Santos, A. D. D., Fonseca, D. M. D., Sousa, B. M. D. L., Santos, M. E. R., & Carvalho, A. N. D. (2020). Pasture structure and production of supplemented cattle in deferred signalgrass pasture. Ciência Animal Brasileira, 21(e-53558). doi: 10.1590/1809-6891v21e-43578 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-6891v21e-43578

Santos, D. C., Guimarães Júnior, R., Vilela, L., Pulrolnik, K., Bufon, V. B., & França, A. F. S. (2016). Forage dry mass accumulation and structural characteristics of Piatã grass in silvopastoral systems in the Brazilian savannah. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 233(2016), 16-24. doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2016.08.026 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.08.026

Santos, H. G., Jacomine, P. K. T., Anjos, L. H. C. dos, Oliveira, V. A. de, Lumbreras, J. F., Coelho, M. R., Almeida, J. A., Araújo, J. C., Fº., Oliveira, J. B., & Cunha, T. J. F. (2018). Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos. EMBRAPA Solos.

Santos, M. E. R., Fonseca, D. M. da, Gomes, V. M., Balbino, E. M., & Magalhães, M. A. (2010c). Estrutura do capim-braquiária durante o diferimento da pastagem. Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences, 32(27922), 139-145. doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i2.27922 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v32i2.7922

Santos, M. E. R., Fonseca, D. M. da, Gomes, V. M., Balbino, E. M., Silva, S. P., & Monnerat, J. P. I. S. (2010b). Valor nutritivo de perfilhos e componentes morfológicos em pastos de capim-braquiária diferidos e adubados com nitrogênio. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 39(9), 1919-1927. doi: 10.1590/S 1516-35982010000900009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982010000900009

Santos, M. E. R., Fonseca, D. M., & Sousa, D. O. (2016). Seletividade aparente de bovinos em pastos de capim-braquiária sob períodos de diferimento. Arquivo Brasileira Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 68(1), 1655-1663. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-8725 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-8725

Santos, P. M., Primavesi, O., & Bernardi, A. D. C. (2010a). Adubação de pastagens. In A. V. Pires (Ed.), Bovinocultura de corte (pp. 459-472). Piracicaba.

Vilela, H. H., Sousa, B. M. D. L., Santos, M. E. R., Santos, A. L., Silva, N. A. M. D., & Nascimento, D. D., Jr. (2013). Characterization of tillers of piata palisade grass deferred in the fall with varying heights and deferment periods. Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences, 35(1), 21-27. doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i1.13201 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v35i1.13201

Vilela, H. H., Sousa, B. M. D. L., Santos, M. E. R., Santos, A. L., Assis, C. Z. D., Rocha, G. D. O., Faria, B. D., & Nascimento, D. D., Jr. (2012). Forage mass and structure of piatã grass deferred at different heights and variable periods. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41(1), 1625-1631. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982012000700010 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012000700010

Yadav, R. P., Sharma, P., Arya, S. L., & Panwar, P. (2014). Acacia nilotica-based silvipastoral systems for resource conservation and improved productivity from degraded lands of the Lower Himalayas. Agroforestry Systems, 88(1), 851-863. doi: 10.1007/s10457-014-9730-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9730-5