Performance of Nellore females in tropical pastures during the rainy season when supplemented with molasses blocks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p1991Keywords:
Beef cattle, Grazing supplementation, Mineralised salt.Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure the effect of supplementation with molasses blocks compared with conventional mineral supplementation (with specific formulations for the rainy and dry season) in 92 7-month-old Nellore heifers (Experiment 1) and 40 primiparous 31-month-old Nellore cows (Experiment 2) in Marandu grazing areas. The following measurements were obtained: weight, supplement intake, blood urea and glucose in heifers (Experiment 1), supplement intake, cow weight, body score, calf weight and ruminal temperature and drinking events in primiparous females (Experiment 2). The average molasses block intake was 242 g day-1 per heifer, with an average weight gain of 0.290 kg day-1; the heifers who consumed the molasses blocks were heavier during the rainy season (P < 0.05; Experiment 1). In Experiment 2, molasses block intake varied from 77 to 821 g day-1 per primiparous female, and the average intake in the control group was between 100 and 370 g day-1. The primiparous females given molasses blocks displayed lower weight loss due to calving (P < 0.05) and retained higher body scores at 150 days postpartum (P < 0.05). Ruminal temperature (P < 0.05) and drinking events (P < 0.05) were higher in primiparous Nellore females given molasses blocks. Overall, molasses blocks effectively increased Nellore female performance during the rainy season in Marandu grass pastures.Downloads
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References
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AUBEL, N. A.; JAEGER, J. R.; DROUILLARD, J. S.; SCHLEGEL, M. D.; PACHECO, L. A.; LINDEN, D. R.; BOLTE, J. W.; HIGGINS, J. J.; OLSON K. C. Effects of mineral-supplement delivery system on frequency, duration, and timing of supplement use by beef cows grazing topographically rugged, native rangeland in the Kansas Flint Hills. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 89, n. 3, p. 3699-3706, 2011. DOI: 10.2527/jas.2010-3808
BAILEY, D. W.; JENSEN, D. Method of supplementation may affect cattle grazing patterns. Rangeland Ecology Management, New York, v. 61, n. 1, p. 131-135, 2008. DOI: 10.2111/06-167.1
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE CONTROLE DE EXPERIMENTAÇÃO ANIMAL - CONCEA. Resolução Normativa N° 12 de 20 de Setembro de 2013. Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência em Animais de Laboratório, Brasil. Brasília, DF, 2013. Disponível em: http://www.icmbio.gov.br/ran/images/stories/legislacao/ RESOLU%C3%87%C3%83O_NORMATIVA_No-_12_-_20-09-2013.pdf. Acesso em: 15 ago. 2018.
COSTA, K. A. P.; ROSA, B.; OLIVEIRA, I. P.; CUSTÓDIO, D. P.; SILVA, D. C. Efeito da estacionalidade na produção de matéria seca e composição bromatológica da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu. Ciência Animal Brasileira, Goiânia, v. 6, n. 3, p. 187-193, 2005.
DIXON, R. M. Controlling voluntary intake of molasses-based supplements in grazing cattle. Animal Production Science, Victoria, v. 53, n. 3, p. 217-225, 2013. DOI: 10.1071/AN12130
GASTEINER, J.; FALLAST, M.; ROSENKRANZ, S.; HÄUSLER, J.; SCHNEIDER, K.; GUGGENBERGER, T. Zum Einsatz einer intraruminalen pH-Datenmesseinheit mit kabelloser Datenübertragung bei Rindern unter verschiedenen Fütterungsbedingungen. Veterinary Medicine, Viena, v. 96, p. 188-194, 2009.
GASTEINER, J.; GUGGENBERGER, T.; VARGA, L.; OLLHOFF, R. D. Continuous and long term measurement of reticuloruminal pH in crossbreed dairy cows in Brazil by an indwelling and wireless data transmitting unit. Arquivos Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Belo Horizonte, v. 67, n. 2, p. 622-626, 2015. DOI: 10.1590/1678-7795
GREENWOOD, R. H.; TITGEMEYER, E. C.; DROUILLARD, J. S. Effects of base ingredient in cooked molasses blocks on intake and digestion of prairie hay by beef steers. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 78, n. 1, p. 167-172, 2000. DOI: 10.2527/2000.781167x
JAYAWICKRAMA, D. R.; WEERASINGHE, P. B.; JAYASENAD, D.; MUDANNAYAKE, D. C. Effects of supplementation of urea-molasses multinutrient block (UMMB) on the performance of dairy cows fed good quality forage based diets with rice straw as a night feeding. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, v. 40, n. 2, p. 123-129, 2013. DOI: 10.7444/cnujas.2013.40.2.123
KALMBACHER, R. S.; BROWN, W. F.; PATE, F. M. Effect of molasses-based liquid supplements on digestibility of creeping bluestem and performance of mature cows on winter range. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 73, n. 3, p. 853-860, 1995. DOI: 10.2527/1995.733853x
LANDBLOM, D. G.; RINGWALL, K.; HELMUTH, K.; POLAND, W. W.; LARDY, G. P. Effect of fat source and supplement delivery method on beef cow-calf performance and reproductive responses. In: ANNUAL REPORT BEEF SECTION, 2002, Dickinson. Proceeding...Dickinson: NDSU, North Dakota State University, 2002. p. 300-308.
LEUPP, J. L.; CATON, J. S.; SOTO-NAVARRO, S. A.; LARDY, G. P. Effects of cooked molasses blocks and fermentation extract or brown seaweed meal inclusion on intake, digestion, and microbial efficiency in steers fed low-quality hay. Journal of Animal Science, Oxford, v. 83, n. 12, p. 2938-2945, 2005. DOI: 10.2527/2005.83122938x
LOEST, C. A.; TITGEMEYER, E. C.; DROUILLARD, J. S.; LAMBERT, B. D.; TRATER, A. M. Urea and biuret as nonprotein nitrogen sources in cooked molasses blocks for steers fed prairie hay. Animal Feed Science and Technology, New York, v. 94, n. 3, p. 115-126, 2001. DOI: 10.1016/S0377-8401(01)00312-1
LOHÖLTER, M.; REHAGE, R.; MEYER, U.; LEBZIEN, P.; REHAGE, J.; DÄNICKE, S. Evaluation of a device for continuous measurement of rumen pH and temperature considering localization of measurement and dietary concentrate proportion. Landbauforsch Applied Agriculture Forestry Research, Hamburg, v. 63, n. 1, p. 61-68, 2013.
MENGISTU, G.; HASSEN, W. Review on: supplementary feeding of urea molasses multi-nutrient blocks to ruminant animals for improving productivity. International Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Bhopal, v. 2, n. 6, p. 43-49, 2017.
NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL - NRC. Nutrient requirements of beef cattle. 7th ed. Washington: National Academies Press, 2000. 242 p.
PERDOCK, H. B.; LENG, R. A. Effect the supplementation with protein meal on growth of cattle given a basal diet of untreated or ammoniated rice straw. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science, Seoul, v. 3, n. 4, p. 269-279, 1990. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.1990.269
STEPHENSON, M. B.; BAILEY, D. W.; HOWERY, L. D.; HENDERSON, L. Efficacy of low-stress herding and low-moisture block to target cattle grazing locations on New Mexico rangelands. Journal of Arid Environments, Chubut, v. 130, n. 10, p. 84-93, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.03.012
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Published
2019-07-04
How to Cite
Lopes, H. M., Lima, M. L. P., Zilião, G. C., Negrão, J. A., Simili, F. F., Pires, B. V., & El Faro, L. (2019). Performance of Nellore females in tropical pastures during the rainy season when supplemented with molasses blocks. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(5), 1991–2006. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n5p1991
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