Bokashi, simple superphosphate, and fertigation for the growth and nutrition of hybrid Cattleya (Orchidaceae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n5p2703Keywords:
Fertigation, Fertilizer, Orchid.Abstract
Potted flower production is an important floricultural activity. However, there have been few studies on the fertilization management of orchids. Fertigation with urea and potassium chloride is feasible, but little information is available regarding the interaction of these fertilizers with other sources of nutrients. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of application of bokashi and a simple superphosphate and their interactions with fertigation on the growth and nutrition of hybrid Cattleya. Seedlings of Laeliocattleya Drumbeat × Laeliocattleya Gold Digger hybrid were submitted to two ferti-irrigation levels (absent and present) using urea and potassium chloride as nitrogen and potassium sources, respectively. As complementary fertilization, bokashi and superphosphate were applied singly and in combination. A commercial fertilizer (Peters®) was used as an additional control. Fertigation increased plant height; leaf area; number, length, and diameter of pseudobulbs; dry mass of leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots; and content of chlorophyll, carotenoid, and nitrogen. The application of bokashi resulted in dry mass gain in all plant organs. The combination of fertigation and bokashi was superior to the commercial fertilizer in terms of increased leaf area, chlorophyll A content, carotenoid content, and dry mass.Downloads
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References
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Wang, Y. T. (1996). Effects of six fertilizers on vegetative growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis orchids. Scientia Horticulturae, 65(2), 191-197. doi: 10.1016/0304-4238(96)00875-8
Wang, Y. T. (1998). Impact of salinity and media on growth and flowering of a hybrid Phalaenopsis orchid. HortScience, 33(2), 247-250.
Wang, Y. T., & Konow, E. A. (2002). Fertilizer source and medium composition affect vegetative growth and mineral nutrition of a hybrid moth orchid. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 127(3), 442-447. doi: 10.21273/JASHS.127.3.442
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Zong-Min, M., Ning, Y., Shu-Yun, L., & Hong, H. (2012). Nitrogen requirements for vegetative growth, flowering, seed production, and ramet growth of Paphiopedilum armeniacum (Orchid). HortScience, 47(5), 585-588. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.47.5.585
Zotz, G. (2004). The resorption of phosphorus is greater than that of nitrogen in senescing leaves of vascular epiphytes from lowland Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 20(6), 693-696. doi: 10.1017/S0266467 404001889
Álvarez-Solís, J. D., Mendoza-NIñeZ, J. A., León-Martínez, N. S., Castellanos-Albores, J., & Gutiérrez-Miceli, F. A. (2016). Efecto de bokashi y lixiviado de vermicomposta sobre el rendimiento y la calidad de chile (Capsicum annuum) y cebolla (Allium cepa) en monocultivo y cultivos asociados. Ciencia e Investigación Agraria, 43(2), 243-252. doi: 10.4067/S0718-16202016000200007
Bichsel, R. G., Starman, T. W., & Wang, Y. T. (2008). Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium requirements for optimizing growth and flowering of the Dendrobium nobile as a potted orchid. HortScience, 42(2), 328-332. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.43.2.328
Furtini, A. E., Neto, Boldrin, K. V. F., & Mattson, N. S. (2015). Nutrition and quality in ornamental plants. Ornamental Horticulture, 21(2), 139-150. doi: 10.14295/aohl.v21i2.809
Higaki, T., & Imamura, J. S. (1987). NPK requirements of vanda miss Joaquim orchid plants. Resarch Extension Series, 87(1), 1-5.
Hoshino, R. T., Alves, G. A. C., Barzan, R. R., Fregonezi, G. A. F., & Faria, R. T. (2016a). Fertilizantes agrícolas aplicados via solução nutritiva em Cattleya labiata Lindl. Ornamental Horticulture, 22(2), 208-214.
Hoshino, R. T., Alves, G. A. C., Melo, T. R., Barzan, R. R., Fregonezi, G. A. F., & Faria, R. T. (2016b). Adubação mineral e orgânica no desenvolvimento de orquídea Cattlianthe ‘chocolate drop’. Horticultura Brasileira, 34(4), 475-482. doi: 10.1590/S0102-053620160405
Instituto Adolfo Lutz (2008). Normas analíticas do Instituto Adolfo Lutz: métodos físico-químicos para análise de alimentos (4a ed.). São Paulo: Instituto Adolfo Lutz.
Jorge, L. D. C., & Silva, D. D. C. (2009). SisCob: manual de utilização. São Carlos: EMBRAPA Instrumentação Agropecuária.
Maass, V., Céspedes, C., & Cárdenas, C. (2020). Effect of bokashi improved with rock phosphate on parsley cultivation under organic greenhouse management. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 80(3), 444-451. doi: 10.4067/S0718-58392020000300444
Meschede, D. K., Velini, E. D., Carbonari, C. A., & Silva, J. R. M. (2011). Alteração fisiológica da cana-de-açúcar pela aplicação de glyphosate e sulfumeturon-methyl. Planta Daninha, 29(2), 413-419. doi: 10. 1590/S0100-83582011000200019
Murashige, T., & Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, 15(1), 473-497. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.1962.tb08052.x
Naik, S. K., Barman, D., Rampal, R., & Medhi, R. P. (2013). Evaluation of electrical conductivity of the fertilizer solution on growth and flowering of a Cymbidium hybrid. South African Journal of Plant Soil, 30(1), 33-39. doi: 10.1080/02571862.2013.771753
Naik, S. K., Bharathi, T. U., Barman, D., Devadas, R., Ram, P., & Medhi, R. P. (2009). Status of mineral nutrition of orchid: a review. Journal of Ornamental Horticulture, 12(1), 1-14.
Pan, R. C., Ye, Q. S., & Hew, C. S. (1997). Physiology of Cymbidium sinense: a review. Scientia Horticulturae, 70(2), 123-129. doi: 10.1016/S0304-4238(97)00022-8
Peralta-Antonio, N., Freitas, G. B., Watthier, M., & Santos, R. H. S. (2019). Compost, bokashi y microorganismos eficientes: sus beneficios en cultivos sucesivos de brócolis. Idesia (Arica), 37(2), 59-66. doi: 10.4067/S0718-34292019000200059
Poole, H. A., & Seeley, J. G. (1974). Nitrogen, potassium and magnesium nutrition of three orchid genera. Tese de Doutorado, Cornell University, Ithaca, Nova Iorque, Estados Unidos.
Raya-Hernández, A. I., Jaramillo-López, P. F., López-Carmona, D. A., Díaz, T., Carrera-Valtierra, J. A., & Larsen, J. (2020). Field evidence for maize-mycorrhiza interactions in agroecosystems with low and high P soils under mineral and organic fertilization. Applied Soil Ecology, 149(1), 103511. doi: 10.1016/ j.apsoil.2020.103511
Rodrigues, D. T., Novais, R. F., Alvarez, V. H., Dias, J. M. M., & Villani, E. M. D. A. (2010a). Orchid growth and nutrition in response to mineral and organic fertilizers. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 34(5), 1609-1616. doi: 10.1590/S0100-06832010000500014
Silva, F. C. (2009). Manual de análises químicas de solos, plantas e fertilizantes (2a ed.). Brasília: EMBRAPA Informação Tecnológica.
Susilo, H., Peng, Y. C., Lee, S. C., Chen, Y. C., & Chang, Y. A. (2013). The uptake and partitioning of nitrogen in Phalaenopsis Sogo Yukidian ‘V3’ as shown by 15N as a tracer. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 138(3), 229-237. doi: 10.21273/JASHS.138.3.229
Takane, R. J., Yanagisawa, S. S., & Pivetta, K. F. L. (2010). Cultivo moderno de orquídeas: Cattleya e seus híbridos. Fortaleza: UFC.
Takane, R. J., Yanagisawa, S. S., & Vendrame, W. A. (2015). Cultivo moderno de orquídeas: Phalaenopsis e seus híbridos. Fortaleza: Expressão.
Trépanier, M., Lamy, M. P., & Dansereau, B. (2009). Phalaenopsis can absorb urea directly through their roots. Plant and Soil, 319(2), 95-100. doi: 10.1007/s11104-008-9852-5
Wang, Y. T. (1996). Effects of six fertilizers on vegetative growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis orchids. Scientia Horticulturae, 65(2), 191-197. doi: 10.1016/0304-4238(96)00875-8
Wang, Y. T. (1998). Impact of salinity and media on growth and flowering of a hybrid Phalaenopsis orchid. HortScience, 33(2), 247-250.
Wang, Y. T., & Konow, E. A. (2002). Fertilizer source and medium composition affect vegetative growth and mineral nutrition of a hybrid moth orchid. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 127(3), 442-447. doi: 10.21273/JASHS.127.3.442
Whitham, F. H., Blaydes, D. F., & Devlin, R. M. (1971). Experiment in plant physiology. New York: Van Nostrand.
Zong-Min, M., Ning, Y., Shu-Yun, L., & Hong, H. (2012). Nitrogen requirements for vegetative growth, flowering, seed production, and ramet growth of Paphiopedilum armeniacum (Orchid). HortScience, 47(5), 585-588. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI.47.5.585
Zotz, G. (2004). The resorption of phosphorus is greater than that of nitrogen in senescing leaves of vascular epiphytes from lowland Panama. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 20(6), 693-696. doi: 10.1017/S0266467 404001889
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2021-07-02
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Hoshino, R. T., Alves, G. A. C., Bertoncelli, D. J., Zeffa, D. M., Stulzer, G. C. G., Takahashi, L. S. A., & Faria, R. T. de. (2021). Bokashi, simple superphosphate, and fertigation for the growth and nutrition of hybrid Cattleya (Orchidaceae). Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(5), 2703–2716. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n5p2703
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