Numerical Study of the Influence of Blood Viscosity on Aortic Blood Flow with Left Ventricular Assistance Support Pump
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2025.v46.52272Keywords:
numerical study , left ventricular assist device, computational fluid dynamics, viscosityAbstract
Heart failure (HF) is a condition responsible for thousands of deaths each year. It is characterized by the heart's inability to effectively supply blood to the systemic circulation. In such cases, the implantation of a pump known as a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) helps a failing heart restore proper blood flow. However, LVAD implantation may lead to complications such as an increased risk of stroke, thrombus formation, and reverse flow through the aortic valve. This study aims to numerically investigate a section of the aorta coupled to a LVAD pump, using computational fluid dynamics. The objective is to identify how increased LVAD pump speed and blood viscosity impact hemodynamic variables, which may contribute to the adverse effects of mechanical support. Real data from a patient with an implanted LVAD support were analysed using six viscosity models and five different LVAD pump flow rates. Several simulations were conducted to compare the hemodynamic variables' results across different viscosity models. Subsequently, the results for the various LVAD pump flow rates were analyzed. These analyses allowed the identification of critical points within the geometry, associated with the adverse effects of each hemodynamic variable.
Downloads
References
Bakouri, M., Alassaf, A., Alshareef, K., Smida, A., AlMohimeed, I., Alqahtani, A., Aboamer, M. A., & Alharbi, Y. (2022). A feasible method to control left ventricular assist devices for heart failure patients: A numerical study. Mathematics, 10(13), 2251. https://doi.org/10.3390/math10132251 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/math10132251
Bonnemain, J., Malossi, A. C. I., Lesinigo, M., Deparis, S., Quarteroni, A., & von Segesser, L. K. (2013). Numerical simulation of left ventricular assist device implantations: Comparing the ascending and the descending aorta cannulations. Medical Engineering & Physics, 35(10), 1465-1475. https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.03.022 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medengphy.2013.03.022
Brown, A. G., Shi, Y., Marzo, A., Staicu, C., Valverde, I., Beerbaum, P., Lawford, P. V., & Hose, D. R. (2012). Accuracy vs. computational time: Translating aortic simulations to the clinic. Journal of Biomechanics, 45(3), 516-523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.11.041 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.11.041
Caballero, A. D., & Laín, S. (2015). Numerical simulation of non-newtonian blood flow dynamics in human thoracic aorta. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 18(11), 1200-1216. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2014.887698 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2014.887698
Casa, L. D., Deaton, D. H., & Ku, D. N. (2015). Role of high shear rate in thrombosis. Journal of vascular surgery, 61(4), 1068-1080. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2014.12.050 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2014.12.050
Doost, S. N., Zhong, L., Su, B., & Morsi, Y. S. (2016). The numerical analysis of non-newtonian blood flow in human patient-specific left ventricle. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 127, 232-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.12.020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2015.12.020
Faraji, A., Sahebi, M., & SalavatiDezfouli, S. (2023). Numerical investigation of different viscosity models on pulsatile blood flow of thoracic aortic aneurysm (taa) in a patient-specific model. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 26(8), 986-998. https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2022.2102423 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2022.2102423
Gao, X., Xu, Z., Chen, C., Hao, P., He, F., & Zhang, X. (2023). Full-scale numerical simulation of hemodynamics based on left ventricular assist device. Frontiers in Physiology, 14, 1192610. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1192610 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2023.1192610
Grinstein, J., Blanco, P. J., Bulant, C. A., Torii, R., Bourantas, C. V., Lemos, P. A., & Garcia-Garcia, H. M. (2022). A computational study of aortic insufficiency in patients supported with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices: Is it time for a paradigm shift in management? Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, 9, 933321. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.933321 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.933321
Han, J., & Trumble, D. R. (2019). Cardiac assist devices: Early concepts, current technologies, and future innovations. Bioengineering, 6(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6010018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering6010018
Holtz, J., & Teuteberg, J. (2014). Management of aortic insufficiency in the continuous flow left ventricular assist device population. Current heart failure reports, 11, 103-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11897-013-0172-6
Jahangiri, M., Saghafian, M., & Sadeghi, M. R. (2017). Numerical simulation of non-newtonian models effect on hemodynamic factors of pulsatile blood flow in elastic stenosed artery. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 31, 1003-1013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0153-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-017-0153-x
Kaufmann, T. A. (2016). Hemodynamic analysis of outflow grafting positions of a ventricular assist device using closed-loop multiscale cfd simulations: Preliminary results. Journal of Biomechanics, 49(13), 2718-2725. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.06.003
Laboni, F. S., Rabbi, M. F., & Arafat, M. T. (2019). Computational analysis of left coronary bifurcating artery using different blood rheological models. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2121(1), 100002. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115933 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5115933
Lee, S. W., & Steinman, D. A. (2007). On the relative importance of rheology for image-based cfd models of the carotid bifurcation. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 129(2), 273-278. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2540836 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2540836
Li, Z., & Mao, W. (2023). A fast approach to estimating windkessel model parameters for patient-specific multi-scale cfd simulations of aortic flow. Computers & Fluids, 259, 105894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.105894 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2023.105894
Mancini, D., & Colombo, P. C. (2015). Left ventricular assist devices: A rapidly evolving alternative to transplant. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 65(23), 2542-2555. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2015.04.039
Mannan, M. A., & HN, M. F. (2022). Computational fluid dynamics in coronary and intra-cardiac flow simulation. International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 10(7), 688-693. https://doi.org/10.22214/IJRASET.2022.45280 DOI: https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45280
Neidlin, M., Corsini, C., Sonntag, S. J., Schulte-Eistrup, S., Schmitz-Rode, T., Steinseifer, U., Pennati, G., & Kaufmann, T. A. (2016). Hemodynamic analysis of outflow grafting positions of a ventricular assist device using closed-loop multiscale cfd simulations: Preliminary results. Pandey, R., Kumar, M., Majdoubi, J., Rahimi-Gorji, M., & Srivastav, V. K. (2020). A review study on blood in human coronary artery: Numerical approach. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 187, 105243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.06.003
Pandey, R., Kumar, M., Majdoubi, J., Rahimi-Gorji, M., & Srivastav, V. K. (2020). A review study on blood in human coronary artery: Numerical approach. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine, 187, 105243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105243 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105243
Prather, R., Divo, E., Kassab, A., & DeCampli, W. (2021). Computational fluid dynamics study of cerebral thromboembolism risk in ventricular assist device patients: Effects of pulsatility and thrombus origin. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 143(9), 091001. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050819 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050819
Shi, Y., Lawford, P., & Hose, R. (2011). Review of zero-d and 1-d models of blood flow in the cardiovascular system. Biomedical Engineering Online, 10, 1-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-10-33
Song, J., Marcel, L., Specklin, M., Lescroart, M., Hébert, J. L., & Kouidri, S. (2022). Numerical study of hemolysis induced by shear stress at the junction between aorta and ventricular assistance device outflow graft. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 95, 108953. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2022.108953 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2022.108953
Sun, P., Bozkurt, S., & Sorguven, E. (2020). Computational analyses of aortic blood flow under varying speed cf-lvad support. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 127, 104058. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.104058
Xiang, J., Tremmel, M., Kolega, J., Levy, E. I., Natarajan, S. K., & Meng, H. (2012). Newtonian viscosity model could overestimate wall shear stress in intracranial aneurysm domes and underestimate rupture risk. Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery, 4(5), 351-358. https://doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2011-010089 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/neurintsurg-2011-010089
Zhang, Y., Gao, B., & Yu, C. (2016). The hemodynamic effects of the lvad outflow cannula location on thethrombi distribution in the aorta: A primary numerical study. Computer Methods and Programs inBiomedicine, 133, 217-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.05.017 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2016.05.017
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Aurélio Ferreira da Costa, Alexandre Marconi de Souza da Costa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Copyright Declaration for articles published in this journal is the author's right. Since manuscripts are published in an open access Journal, they are free to use, with their own attributions, in educational and non-commercial applications. The Journal has the right to make, in the original document, changes regarding linguistic norms, orthography, and grammar, with the purpose of ensuring the standard norms of the language and the credibility of the Journal. It will, however, respect the writing style of the authors. When necessary, conceptual changes, corrections, or suggestions will be forwarded to the authors. In such cases, the manuscript shall be subjected to a new evaluation after revision. Responsibility for the opinions expressed in the manuscripts lies entirely with the authors.
This journal is licensed with a license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International.
