Experimental Aerodynamics of a NACA 4424 Airfoil at Low Reynolds Number Flow
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2024.v45.51520Keywords:
NACA 4424, wind tunnel testing, low Reynolds flow, aerodynamics performance, small-scale aerial vehicleAbstract
This paper presents wind tunnel data on the aerodynamic characteristics of a NACA4424 airfoil operating under low Reynolds number flow conditions (∼ Re = 2 × 105). The study investigates the lift, drag, and stall behavior of the airfoil, which are critical for applications in engineering such as small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and micro air vehicles (MAVs). Experimental data were collected through wind tunnel testing across various angles of attack at a fixed Reynolds number.To provide further insight, the experimental results are complemented by XFOIL simulations, which illustrate the impact of low Reynolds number conditions on aerodynamic performance. These findings enhance the understanding of airfoil behavior in low Reynolds number regimes and support the design and optimization of efficient airfoil profiles for small-scale aerial systems.
Downloads
References
Ananda, G. K., & Selig, M. S. (2018). Design of bird-like airfoils. In American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting [Proceedings]. AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Kissimmee, Florida.
Anderson, J. (2011). Fundamentals of Aerodynamics. McGraw Hill.
Bourisli, R. I., & Hamadeh, F. Z. (2020). Optimizing NACA Airfoil Thickness Function Parameters for Maximum Lift-to-Drag Ratio. In American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum [Proceedings]. AIAA Scitech 2020 Forum, Orlando, Florida.
Choudhry, A., Arjomandi, M., & Kelso, R. (2015). A study of long separation bubble on thick airfoils and its consequent effects. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 52, 84-96.
Dongli, M., Yanping, Z., Yuhang, Q., & Guanxiong, L. (2015). Effects of relative thickness on aerodynamic characteristics of airfoil at a low Reynolds number. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics, 28(4), 1003-1015.
Drela, M. (1989). XFOIL: An analysis and design system for low Reynolds number airfoils. In T. J. Mueller (Ed.), Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics. Lecture Notes in Engineering (Vol. 54, pp. 1-12). Springer.
Genç, M. S., Koca, K., Açıkel, H. H., Özkan, G., Kırış, M. S., & Yıldız, R. (2016). Flow characteristics over NACA4412 airfoil at low Reynolds number. EPJ Web of Conferences, 114, 1-5.
Lian, Y., Shyy, W., Viieru, D., & Zhang, B. (2003). Membrane wing aerodynamics for micro air vehicles. Progress in Aerospace Sciences, 39, 425-465.
Marathe, M., & Deshmukh, S. (2023). Comparative Analysis Of Airfoil Selection For Miniature Air Vehicle. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 8(2), 154-159.
Mueller, T. J. (1985). The influence of laminar separation and transition on low Reynolds number airfoil hysteresis. Journal of Aircraft, 22(9), 763-770.
Schroeder, E., & Baeder, J. (2005). Using computational fluid dynamics for micro-air vehicle airfoil validation and prediction. In American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, AIAA applied aerodynamics conference [Proceedings]. 23rd AIAA applied aerodynamics conference, Toronto, Canada.
Traub, L. W., & Coffman, C. (2019). Efficient low-Reynolds-number airfoils. Journal of Aircraft, 56(5), 1987-2003.
Winslow, J., Otsuka, H., Govindarajan, B., & Chopra, I. (2018). Basic understanding of airfoil characteristics at low Reynolds numbers (10â´-10âµ). Journal of Aircraft, 55(3), 1050-1061.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Odenir de Almeida, Rafael de Rezende Dias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The Copyright Declaration for articles published in this journal is the author's right. Since manuscripts are published in an open access Journal, they are free to use, with their own attributions, in educational and non-commercial applications. The Journal has the right to make, in the original document, changes regarding linguistic norms, orthography, and grammar, with the purpose of ensuring the standard norms of the language and the credibility of the Journal. It will, however, respect the writing style of the authors. When necessary, conceptual changes, corrections, or suggestions will be forwarded to the authors. In such cases, the manuscript shall be subjected to a new evaluation after revision. Responsibility for the opinions expressed in the manuscripts lies entirely with the authors.
This journal is licensed with a license Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International.
