Damping techniques for grid-connected converters with LCL filter: an overview
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2021v42n2p227Keywords:
Energy quality, Digital filters, Current control, Renewable sources, Power electronicsAbstract
Distributed generation systems, based on renewable energy sources, are typically connected to the main grid by a voltage-source inverter with a low-pass filter. The need for improved efficiency led to the use of third order low-pass filters, such as the LCL configuration, which has resonant behavior. In order to meet energy quality requirements and ensure the systems stability it is necessary to suppress the LCL filters resonance through damping techniques. Therefore, this paper presents an overview of some damping strategies found in literature and its design procedure, applied to a simulated single-phase grid-tied inverter. The comparison of each presented damping methodology characteristics is described, with analysis of advantages and drawbacks for each case.Metrics
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References
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CIOBOTARU, M.; ROSSÉ, A.; BEDE, L.; KARANAYIL, B.; AGELIDIS, V. G. Adaptive Notch filter based active damping for power converters using LCL filters. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON POWER ELECTRONICS FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS -PEDG, 7., 2016, Vancouver. Symposium [. . . ].Vancouver: IEEE, 2016. p. 1-7. DOI: 10.1109/PEDG.2016.7527081.
DANNEHL, J.; LISERRE, M.; FUCHS, F. W. Filter based active damping of voltage source converters with lcl filter. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, New York, v. 58, n. 8, p. 3623-3633, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2081952.
GOMES, C. C.; CUPERTINO, A. F.; PEREIRA, H. A. Damping techniques for grid-connected voltage source converters based on LCL filter: An overview, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, v. 81, p. 116-135, 2018. ISSN 1364-0321, DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.07.050.
GUO, X.; WU, W.; GU, H. Modeling and simulation of direct output current control for LCL-interfaced gridconnected inverters with parallel passive damping, Simulation Modeling Practice and Theory, v. 18, p. 946–956, 2010. DOI: 10.1016/j.simpat.2010.02.010.
IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces. IEEE, New York, p. 1-138, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/IEEESTD.2018.8332112.
KANG, Y.; DAI. K.; DUAN. K.; KANG, Y. Application of a C-Type filter based LCFL output filter to shunt active power filters. Journal of Power Electronics, Stevenson Ranch, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1058–1069, 2013. DOI: 10.6113/JPE.2013.13.6.1058.
KAURANIEMI, J.; LAAKSO, T. I.; HARTIMO, I.; OVASKA, S. J. Delta operator realizations of directform IIR filters. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: analog and digital signal processing, Piscataway, v. 45, n. 1, p. 41-52, 1998. DOI: 10.1109/82.659455.
KRAEMER, R. A. S.; CARATI, E. G.; COSTA, J. P.; CARDOSO, R.; STEIN, C. M. O. Robust design of control structure for three-phase grid-tied inverters. In: IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS -INDUSCON, 13., 2018, São Paulo. Proceedings [. . . ]. São Paulo: IEEE, 2018. p. 636-643. DOI: 10.1109/INDUSCON.2018.8627068.
LISERRE, M.; BLAABJERG, F.; HANSEN, S. Design and control of an LCL-filter-based three-phase active rectifier, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1281-1291, Sept.-Oct. 2005, DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2005.853373.
LISTON, R. A.; CARATI; E. G.; CARDOSO, R.; COSTA, J. P.; STEIN, C. M. O. A Robust design of active damping with a current estimator for singlephase grid-tied inverters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, New York, v. 54, n. 5, p. 4672-4681, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2018.2838074.
LIU, T., LIU, J., LIU, Z., LIU, Z. A Study of virtual resistor-based active damping alternatives for lcl resonance in grid-connected voltage source inverters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 35, n. 1, p. 247- 262, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2019.2911163.
PARKER, S. G.; MCGRATH, B. P.; HOLMES, D. G. Regions of active damping control for LCL filters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, New York, v. 50, p. 424 - 432, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2013.2266892.
PEÑA-ALZOLA, R.; LISERRE, M; BLAABJERG, F.; SEBASTIÁN, R.; DANNEHL, J.; FUCHS, F. W. Analysis of the passive damping losses in LCL-filter-based grid converters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 28, n. 6, p. 2642-2646, 2013a. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2222931.
PEÑA-ALZOLA, R.; LISERRE, M.; BLAABJERG, F.; ORDONEZ, M.; YANG, Y. LCL-filter design for robust active damping in grid connected converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Piscataway, v. 10, p. 2192 - 2203, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/TII.2014.2361604.
PEÑA-ALZOLA, R.; LISERRE, M.; BLAABJERG, F.; KEREKES, T. Self-commissioning notch filter for active damping in three phase LCL-filter based grid converters. In: CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS - EPE, 15., 2013b, Lille. Proceedings [. . . ]. Lille: IEEE, 2013. p. 1-9. DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2013.6631962.
ROCKHILL, A. A.; LISERRE, M.; TEODORESCU, R.; RODRIGUEZ, P. Grid-Filter design for a multimegawatt medium-voltage voltage-source inverter. IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, New York, v. 58, n. 4, p. 1205- 1217, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2087293.
WANG, T. C. Y.; YE, Z.; SINHA, G.; YUAN, X. Output filter design for a grid-interconnected three-phase inverter. In: ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS SPECIALIST, 34., 2003, Acapulco. Proceedings [. . . ]. Acapulco: IEEE, 2003. p. 779-784. DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218154.
XIN, Z.; LOH, P. C.; WANG, X.; BLAABJERG, F.; TANG, Y. Highly Accurate Derivatives for LCLfiltered grid converter with capacitor voltage active damping. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 31, n. 5, p. 3612-3625, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2015.2467313.
YADAV, A.; SRIVASTAVA, L. Optimal placement of distributed generation: an overview and key issues. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POWER SIGNALS CONTROL AND COMPUTATIONS - EPSCICON, 2014,Thrissur. Proceedings [. . . ]. Thrissur: IEEE, 2014. p. 1-6. DOI: 10.1109/EPSCICON.2014.6887517. 2014
YAGNIK, U. P.; SOLANKI, M. D. Comparison of L, LC and LCL filter for grid connected converter, 2017 International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICEI), 2017, pp. 455-458, DOI: 10.1109/ICOEI.2017.8300968.
YAO, W.; YANG, Y.; ZHANG, X.; BLAABJERG, F.; LOH, P. C. Design and analysis of robust active damping for lcl filters using digital notch filters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 32, n. 3, p. 2360-2375, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2016.2565598.
YEPES, A. G.; FREIJEDO, F. D.; DOVAL-GANDOY, J.; LÓPEZ, Ó.; MALVAR, J.; FERNANDEZ-COMESAÑA, P. Effects of discretization methods on the performance of resonant controllers. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 25, n. 7, p. 1692-1712, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2010.2041256.
YUAN, X.; MERK, W.; STEMMLER, H.; ALLMELING, J.; Stationary-frame generalized integrators for current control of active power filters with zero steady-state error for current harmonics of concern under unbalanced and distorted operating conditions. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, New York, v. 38, n. 2, p. 523-532, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/28.993175.
BARBOSA, A. U.; ALMEIDA, B. R.; GUIMARÃES, J. S.; OLIVEIRA, D. S. Distributed generation system using renewable energy sources and a new converter topology. In: IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS -INDUSCON, 12., 2016, Curitiba. Proceedings [. . . ]. Curitiba: IEEE, 2016. p. 1-6. DOI: 10.1109/INDUSCON.2016.7874583.
BASSO, C. P. Transfer Functions. In: BASSO, C. P. (ed.). Linear circuit transfer functions: an introduction to fast analytical techniques. [New York]: John Wiley & Sons, 2016. p. 41-115. DOI: 10.1002/9781119236344.ch02.
BERES, R. N.; WANG, X.; BLAABJERG, F.; LISERRE, M.; BAK, C. L. Optimal design of high-order passivedamped filters for grid-connected applications. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 31, n. 3, p. 2083-2098, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2015.2441299.
CALZO, G. L.; LEGA, M.; LIDOZZI, A.; SOLERO, L.; CRESCINBINI, F. Single-phase three-level transformerless inverter for residential distributed generation. In: INTERNATIONAL ENERGY CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION, 2012, Florence. Proceedings [. . . ]. Florence: IEEE, 2012. p. 7–12. DOI: 10.1109/Energy-Con.2012.6348260.
CHA, H.; VU, T. Comparative analysis of low-pass output filter for single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. In: ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION - APEC, 2010, Palm Springs. Conference [. . . ].Palm Springs: IEEE, 2010. p. 1659-1665. DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2010.5433454.
CHANNEGOWDA, P.; JOHN V. Filter optimization for grid interactive voltage source inverters, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, New York, v. 57, n. 12, p. 4106- 4114, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2042421.
CIOBOTARU, M.; ROSSÉ, A.; BEDE, L.; KARANAYIL, B.; AGELIDIS, V. G. Adaptive Notch filter based active damping for power converters using LCL filters. INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON POWER ELECTRONICS FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS -PEDG, 7., 2016, Vancouver. Symposium [. . . ].Vancouver: IEEE, 2016. p. 1-7. DOI: 10.1109/PEDG.2016.7527081.
DANNEHL, J.; LISERRE, M.; FUCHS, F. W. Filter based active damping of voltage source converters with lcl filter. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, New York, v. 58, n. 8, p. 3623-3633, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2081952.
GOMES, C. C.; CUPERTINO, A. F.; PEREIRA, H. A. Damping techniques for grid-connected voltage source converters based on LCL filter: An overview, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, v. 81, p. 116-135, 2018. ISSN 1364-0321, DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2017.07.050.
GUO, X.; WU, W.; GU, H. Modeling and simulation of direct output current control for LCL-interfaced gridconnected inverters with parallel passive damping, Simulation Modeling Practice and Theory, v. 18, p. 946–956, 2010. DOI: 10.1016/j.simpat.2010.02.010.
IEEE Standard for Interconnection and Interoperability of Distributed Energy Resources with Associated Electric Power Systems Interfaces. IEEE, New York, p. 1-138, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/IEEESTD.2018.8332112.
KANG, Y.; DAI. K.; DUAN. K.; KANG, Y. Application of a C-Type filter based LCFL output filter to shunt active power filters. Journal of Power Electronics, Stevenson Ranch, v. 13, n. 6, p. 1058–1069, 2013. DOI: 10.6113/JPE.2013.13.6.1058.
KAURANIEMI, J.; LAAKSO, T. I.; HARTIMO, I.; OVASKA, S. J. Delta operator realizations of directform IIR filters. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: analog and digital signal processing, Piscataway, v. 45, n. 1, p. 41-52, 1998. DOI: 10.1109/82.659455.
KRAEMER, R. A. S.; CARATI, E. G.; COSTA, J. P.; CARDOSO, R.; STEIN, C. M. O. Robust design of control structure for three-phase grid-tied inverters. In: IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS -INDUSCON, 13., 2018, São Paulo. Proceedings [. . . ]. São Paulo: IEEE, 2018. p. 636-643. DOI: 10.1109/INDUSCON.2018.8627068.
LISERRE, M.; BLAABJERG, F.; HANSEN, S. Design and control of an LCL-filter-based three-phase active rectifier, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1281-1291, Sept.-Oct. 2005, DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2005.853373.
LISTON, R. A.; CARATI; E. G.; CARDOSO, R.; COSTA, J. P.; STEIN, C. M. O. A Robust design of active damping with a current estimator for singlephase grid-tied inverters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, New York, v. 54, n. 5, p. 4672-4681, 2018. DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2018.2838074.
LIU, T., LIU, J., LIU, Z., LIU, Z. A Study of virtual resistor-based active damping alternatives for lcl resonance in grid-connected voltage source inverters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 35, n. 1, p. 247- 262, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2019.2911163.
PARKER, S. G.; MCGRATH, B. P.; HOLMES, D. G. Regions of active damping control for LCL filters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, New York, v. 50, p. 424 - 432, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2013.2266892.
PEÑA-ALZOLA, R.; LISERRE, M; BLAABJERG, F.; SEBASTIÁN, R.; DANNEHL, J.; FUCHS, F. W. Analysis of the passive damping losses in LCL-filter-based grid converters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 28, n. 6, p. 2642-2646, 2013a. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2012.2222931.
PEÑA-ALZOLA, R.; LISERRE, M.; BLAABJERG, F.; ORDONEZ, M.; YANG, Y. LCL-filter design for robust active damping in grid connected converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, Piscataway, v. 10, p. 2192 - 2203, 2014. DOI: 10.1109/TII.2014.2361604.
PEÑA-ALZOLA, R.; LISERRE, M.; BLAABJERG, F.; KEREKES, T. Self-commissioning notch filter for active damping in three phase LCL-filter based grid converters. In: CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS - EPE, 15., 2013b, Lille. Proceedings [. . . ]. Lille: IEEE, 2013. p. 1-9. DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2013.6631962.
ROCKHILL, A. A.; LISERRE, M.; TEODORESCU, R.; RODRIGUEZ, P. Grid-Filter design for a multimegawatt medium-voltage voltage-source inverter. IEEE transactions on industrial electronics, New York, v. 58, n. 4, p. 1205- 1217, 2011. DOI: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2087293.
WANG, T. C. Y.; YE, Z.; SINHA, G.; YUAN, X. Output filter design for a grid-interconnected three-phase inverter. In: ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON POWER ELECTRONICS SPECIALIST, 34., 2003, Acapulco. Proceedings [. . . ]. Acapulco: IEEE, 2003. p. 779-784. DOI: 10.1109/PESC.2003.1218154.
XIN, Z.; LOH, P. C.; WANG, X.; BLAABJERG, F.; TANG, Y. Highly Accurate Derivatives for LCLfiltered grid converter with capacitor voltage active damping. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 31, n. 5, p. 3612-3625, 2016. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2015.2467313.
YADAV, A.; SRIVASTAVA, L. Optimal placement of distributed generation: an overview and key issues. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POWER SIGNALS CONTROL AND COMPUTATIONS - EPSCICON, 2014,Thrissur. Proceedings [. . . ]. Thrissur: IEEE, 2014. p. 1-6. DOI: 10.1109/EPSCICON.2014.6887517. 2014
YAGNIK, U. P.; SOLANKI, M. D. Comparison of L, LC and LCL filter for grid connected converter, 2017 International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics (ICEI), 2017, pp. 455-458, DOI: 10.1109/ICOEI.2017.8300968.
YAO, W.; YANG, Y.; ZHANG, X.; BLAABJERG, F.; LOH, P. C. Design and analysis of robust active damping for lcl filters using digital notch filters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 32, n. 3, p. 2360-2375, 2017. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2016.2565598.
YEPES, A. G.; FREIJEDO, F. D.; DOVAL-GANDOY, J.; LÓPEZ, Ó.; MALVAR, J.; FERNANDEZ-COMESAÑA, P. Effects of discretization methods on the performance of resonant controllers. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, New York, v. 25, n. 7, p. 1692-1712, 2010. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2010.2041256.
YUAN, X.; MERK, W.; STEMMLER, H.; ALLMELING, J.; Stationary-frame generalized integrators for current control of active power filters with zero steady-state error for current harmonics of concern under unbalanced and distorted operating conditions. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, New York, v. 38, n. 2, p. 523-532, 2002. DOI: 10.1109/28.993175.
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2021-12-02
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Romão, A. de A., & da Silva, N. (2021). Damping techniques for grid-connected converters with LCL filter: an overview. Semina: Ciências Exatas E Tecnológicas, 42(2), 227–241. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2021v42n2p227
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