Portable EDXRF and Principal Component Analysis for inorganic element determination and provenance of eye shadows
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2019v40n2p135Keywords:
EDXRF, Principal Component Analysis, Cosmetics..Abstract
Nowadays cosmetic products play an important role in the life of almost all people. Men and women devote much time, resources and efforts to cultivate personal hygiene and the best possible look along their lives. One of the most widely used kind of cosmetics is eye shadow. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a well-established technique, known for its ability to identify and quantify inorganic species in a simple, fast and non-destructive way, however, it is not extensively used in cosmetic analysis. In order to show the potentiality of the technique, portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry has been employed in the quantification of inorganic elements in 40 Brazilian eye shadows. It was possible to identify and quantify the elements Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Bi. Using principal component analysis, specific manufacturers could be distinguished. The X-ray fluorescence methodology associated with principal component analysis proved to be a valuable tool for the discrimination and characterization of cosmetics.Downloads
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References
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WOLD, Svante; ESBENSEN, Kim; GELADI, Paul. Principal component analysis. Chemometrics and intelligent laboratory systems, v. 2, n. 1-3, p. 37-52, 1987. http://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(87)80084-9
BATISTA, Érica Ferreira; DOS SANTOS AUGUSTO, Amanda; PEREIRA-FILHO, Edenir Rodrigues. Determination of Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb in cosmetic samples using a simple method for sample preparation. Analytical Methods, v. 7, n. 1, p. 329-335, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4AY02484B
BRIGGS-KAMARA, Margaret A. Elemental Analysis of selected epidermal creams by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectrometry. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, v. 2, n. 5, p. 334-340, 2012.
CURRIE, Lloyd A. Limits for qualitative detection and quantitative determination. Application to radiochemistry. Analytical chemistry, v. 40, n. 3, p. 586-593, 1968. http://doi.org/10.1021/ac60259a007
DASILVA, Eric; DAVID, Alison Matthews; PEJOVIĆ‐MILIĆ, Ana. The quantification of total lead in lipstick specimens by total reflection X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry. X‐Ray Spectrometry, v. 44, n. 6, p. 451-457, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2629
DOS SANTOS AUGUSTO, Amanda; BATISTA, Érica Ferreira; PEREIRA-FILHO, Edenir Rodrigues. Direct chemical inspection of eye shadow and lipstick solid samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and chemometrics: proposition of classification models. Analytical Methods, v. 8, n. 29, p. 5851-5860, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6AY01138A
DRAELOS, Zoe Diana. Special considerations in eye cosmetics. Clinics in dermatology, v. 19, n. 4, p. 424-430, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0738-081X(01)00204-8
GONDAL, M. A. et al. Spectroscopic detection of health hazardous contaminants in lipstick using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. Journal of Hazardous Materials, v. 175, n. 1-3, p. 726-732, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.10.069
KULIKOV, Elizabeth; LATHAM, Kay; ADAMS, Michael J. Classification and discrimination of some cosmetic face powders using XRF spectrometry with chemometric data analysis. X‐Ray Spectrometry, v. 41, n. 6, p. 410-415, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2422
MCINTOSH, Kathryn G. et al. Evaluation of portable XRF instrumentation for assessing potential environmental exposure to toxic elements. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, v. 96, n. 1, p. 15-37, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2015.1114104
MELQUIADES, Fábio et al. Portable EDXRF for quality assurance of cosmetics. Cosmetics, v. 2, n. 3, p. 277-285, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics2030277
MELQUIADES, Fábio L.; DA SILVA, Alanna Mattos Alves. Identification of sulphur in nail polish by pattern recognition methods combined with portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectral data. Analytical Methods, v. 8, n. 19, p. 3920-3926, 2016. http://doi.org/10.1039/C6AY00195E
MISRA, G. et al. The application of energy-dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) to the analysis of cosmetic evidence in Indian nail polishes. International journal of radiation applications and instrumentation. Part A. Applied radiation and isotopes, v. 43, n. 5, p. 609-614, 1992. http://doi.org/10.1016/0883-2889(92)90028-D
MURPHY, Thomas et al. Application of handheld x-ray fluorescence analyzers to identify mercury in skin-whitening creams in cambodia. Journal of Health and Pollution, v. 2, n. 3, p. 21-31, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5696/2156-9614-2.3.21
PARISH, Lawrence Charles; CRISSEY, John Thorne. Cosmetics: A historical review. Clinics in dermatology, v. 6, n. 3, p. 1-4, 1988. http://doi.org/10.1016/0738-081X(88)90024-7
PARREIRA, Paulo Sérgio et al. Sistema portátil de fluorescência de raios X. Titular: Universidade Estadual de Londrina. BR n. PI 0801331-4. Depósito: 5 maio 2008. Concessão: 12 mar. 2019.
SANTOS, Bruna Vilela et al. Assessment of chemical elements in cosmetics' eyeshadows by X‐ray fluorescence and International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients characterization. X‐Ray Spectrometry, v. 47, n. 3, p. 242-251, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/xrs.2835
SHIMAMOTO, Gustavo G.; TERRA, Juliana; BUENO, Maria Izabel. Use of portable X-ray fluorescence to discriminate brands of nail polishes: a potential forensic tool. Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, v. 24, n. 5, p. 731-735, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20130093
VAN GRIEKEN, Rene; MARKOWICZ, Andrzej (Ed.). Handbook of X-ray Spectrometry. CRC press, 2001.
WESTMORE, Marvin G. Camouflage and makeup preparations. Clinics in dermatology, v. 19, n. 4, p. 406-412, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0738-081X(01)00180-8
WOLD, Svante; ESBENSEN, Kim; GELADI, Paul. Principal component analysis. Chemometrics and intelligent laboratory systems, v. 2, n. 1-3, p. 37-52, 1987. http://doi.org/10.1016/0169-7439(87)80084-9
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Published
2019-12-18
How to Cite
Molari, R., Endo, L. Y., Appoloni, C. R., Melquiades, F. L., Portezan Filho, O., & Parreira, P. S. (2019). Portable EDXRF and Principal Component Analysis for inorganic element determination and provenance of eye shadows. Semina: Ciências Exatas E Tecnológicas, 40(2), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0375.2019v40n2p135
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