Phytochemical screening, toxicity and antimicrobial activity of different Mimosa tenuiflora extracts on Aeromonas strains

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n2p641

Keywords:

Virulence factors, Oreochromis niloticus, Pisciculture, Antimicrobial resistance.

Abstract

The indiscriminate use of synthetic veterinary drugs in fish farms for disease control has caused recurring environmental pollution and reduced productivity; however, the search for ecologically viable alternatives is increasing. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical characterization of the hexanic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of black jurema (M. tenuiflora), and their antimicrobial activity against strains of Aeromonas, and acute toxicity (LC50) to fingerlings of O. niloticus. The isolates were identified, and phenotypic virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed. A. caviae, and A. veronii bv. veronii showed 75.0 - 87.5% positivity for the virulence factors tested, and resistance to the antimicrobials ampicillin, amoxicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline of 67.0% and 50.0%, respectively. Phytochemical screening of black jurema extracts detected phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and steroids/triterpenoids, with methanol proving to be more efficient in the extraction of metabolites. The methanolic and aqueous extracts showed moderate antimicrobial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 250 ug mL-1, and the methanolic extract revealed an LC50 of 40 ug mL-1 for O. niloticus. This study demonstrated the efficiency of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of M. tenuiflora extracts, and their use in vivo in the treatment or prophylaxis in fish farming can be investigated to replace the use of synthetic antimicrobials.

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Author Biographies

Aura Lacerda Crepaldi, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Student of the Master’s Course of Agricultural Microbiology, Center of Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, CCAAB, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.

Aline Simões da Rocha Bispo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Researcher of the Master’s Course of Agricultural Microbiology, CCAAB, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.

Dennifier Costa Brandão Cruz, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Student of the Master’s Course of Agricultural Microbiology, Center of Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences, CCAAB, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.

Washington Luiz Gomes Tavechio, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Researcher of the Centre for Aquaculture Health of Reconcavo, CCAAB, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.

Floricéa Magalhães Araújo, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Prof. Dr., Metabolomics Research Group, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal da Bahia, UFBA, Salvador, Brazil.

Thúlio Victor Silva Rocha, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Graduate Student, Forest Engineering, CCAAB, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.

Jackeline Pereira Andrade, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana

Student of the Doctoral Course of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, UEFS, Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil.

Norma Suely Evangelista-Barreto, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Profa Dra, CCAAB, UFRB, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil.

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Published

2022-02-25

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Crepaldi, A. L., Bispo, A. S. da R., Cruz, D. C. B., Tavechio, W. L. G., Araújo, F. M., Rocha, T. V. S., … Evangelista-Barreto, N. S. (2022). Phytochemical screening, toxicity and antimicrobial activity of different Mimosa tenuiflora extracts on Aeromonas strains. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 43(2), 641–656. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2022v43n2p641

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