Sero-epidemiological and reproductive survey for alphaherpesvirus infections in horses in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n3p1079Keywords:
Abortion, Equid alphaherpesvirus, Virus neutralization, Prophylaxis.Abstract
Equine alphaherpesvirus is a major pathogen that causes respiratory disorders, abortion, neurological syndromes, and perinatal mortality in horse populations worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine whether the occurrence of anti-alphaherpesvirus antibodies is correlated to reproductive abnormalities in horses in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The virus neutralization was carried out in 322 serological samples from unvaccinated horses from 42 farms located in 16 municipalities in the Microregion of the Vale do Ipojuca, Pernambuco, Brazil. Of these horses, 23.3% (75/322; 95% CI: 18.9-28.4%) were found to be reactive to anti-alphaherpesvirus antibodies. In addition, 61.9% (26/42) of farms had at least one reactive animal, with an inter-herd variation of 5% to 100%. With regard to reproductive rates, herpetic infection was associated with the use of biological reproductive techniques such as artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer (ET), which uses natural mating (p = 0.003); history of perinatal mortality (p = 0.004); birth interval greater than two years (p = 0.003); and reproductive seasonality of mares with irregular cycles in the herd (p = 0.041). This is the first report on the identification of horses reactive to anti-alphaherpesvirus antibody in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. From the results obtained, the adoption of prophylactic measures such as vaccination is suggested in order to prevent infection in susceptible animals and to reduce the viral load excreted by animals with quiescent infection.Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Aguiar, D. M., Cavalcante, G. T., Lara, M. C. C. S. H., Villalobos, E. M. C., Cunha, E. M. S., Okuda, L. H., . . . Gennari, S. M. (2008). Prevalência de anticorpos contra agentes virais e bacterianos em equídeos do município de Monte Negro, Rondônia, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, 45(4), 269-276. doi: 10.11606/1678-4456.2008.26685
Alencar-Araripe, M. G., Maia, D. C. S. C., Campelo, C. C., Silva, A. Jr., Costa e Silva, M., Dias, A. V., . . . Nunes-Pinheiro, D. C. S. (2014). Evidências sorológicas de EHV-1/ EHV-4 em cavalos de vaquejada no estado do Ceará, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal, 8(2), 203-217. doi: 10.5935/1981-2965.2014.0029
Beck, S. L., & Cintra, A. G. (2011). Treinamento específico e/ou condicionamento físico. In Beck, S. L., & Cintra, A. G. Manual de gerenciamento equestre (pp. 107-147). Produção Independente: Araucária.
Cunha, E. M. S., Villalobos, E. M. C., Nassar, A. F. C., Lara, M. C. C. S. H., Peres, N. F., Palazzo, J. P. C., . . . Pino, F. A. (2009). Prevalência de anticorpos contra agentes virais em equídeos no sul do estado de São Paulo. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 76(2), 165-171.
Gardiner, D. W., Lunn, D. P., Goehring, L. S., Chiang, Y. W., Cook, C., Osterrieder, N., . . . Hussey, G. S. (2012). Strain impact on equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) abortion models: viral loads in fetal and placental tissues and foals. Vaccine, 30(46), 6564-6572. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.046
Grinde, B. (2013). Herpesviruses: latency and reactivation – viral strategies and host response. Journal of Oral Microbiology, 5(1), 1-9. doi: 10.3402/jom.v5i0.22766
Kotait, I., Peixoto, Z. M. P., Queiroz, L. H., Cunha, E. M. S., Souza, M. C. A. M., Macruz, R., & Freitas, C. A. (1989). Diagnóstico laboratorial do aborto equino a vírus através de imunofluorescência e soroneutralização. Revista de Microbiologia, 20(1), 128-132.
Ma, G., Azab, W. & Osterrieder, N. (2013). Equine herpesviruses type 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) - Masters of co-evolution and a constant threat to equids and beyond. Veterinary Microbiology, 167(1-2), 123-134. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.06.018
Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. (2016). Revisão do Estudo do Complexo do Agronegócio do Cavalo. Recuperado em 1 de Maio, 2019, de http://www.agricultura.gov.br/assuntos/camaras-setoriais-tematicas/documentos/camaras-setoriais/equideocultura/anos-anteriores/revisao-do-estudo-do-complexo-do-agronegocio-do-cavalo
Penkert, R. R. & Kalejta, R. F. (2011). Tegument protein control of latent herpesvirus establishment and animation. Herpesviridae, 2(3), 1-20. doi: 10.1186/2042-4280-2-3
Schulman, M. L., Kass, P. H., Becker, A., & Van Der Merwe, B. (2013). A predictive model for reproductive performance following abortion in thoroughbred mares. Veterinary Record, 172(2), 44. doi: 10.1136/vr.100670
Silva, A. A., Cunha, E. M. S., Lara, M. C. C. S. H., Villalobos, E. M. C., Nassar, A. F. C., Mori, E., . . . Del Fava, C. (2018). Low occurrence of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) as cause of abortion and perinatal mortality in Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 85(1), 1-7. doi: 10.1590/1808‑1657000852017
Smith, D. J., Iqbal, J., Edington, N., Purewal, A., & Hamblin, A. S. (1998). In vitro reactivation of latent equid herpesvirus-1 from CD5+/CD8+ leukocytes indirectly by IL-2 or chorionic gonadotrophin. Journal of General Virology, 79(12), 2997-3004. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-79-12-2997
Tearle, J. P., Smith, K. C., Boyle, M. S., Binns, M. M., Livesay, G. L., & Mumford, J. A. (1996). Replication of equid herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) in the testes and epididymis of ponies and venereal shedding of infectious virus. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 115(4), 385-397. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9975(96)80073-9
Walter, J., Balzer, H. J., Seeh, C., Fey, K., Bleul, U., & Osterrieder, N. (2012). Venereal shedding of equid herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) in naturally infected stallions. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 26(6), 1500-1504. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00997.x
Yildirim, Y., Yilmaz, V., & Kirmizigul, A. H. (2015). Equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) infections in horses and donkeys in northeastern Turkey. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 16(4), 341-344. doi: 10.22099/IJVR.2015.3285
Alencar-Araripe, M. G., Maia, D. C. S. C., Campelo, C. C., Silva, A. Jr., Costa e Silva, M., Dias, A. V., . . . Nunes-Pinheiro, D. C. S. (2014). Evidências sorológicas de EHV-1/ EHV-4 em cavalos de vaquejada no estado do Ceará, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Higiene e Sanidade Animal, 8(2), 203-217. doi: 10.5935/1981-2965.2014.0029
Beck, S. L., & Cintra, A. G. (2011). Treinamento específico e/ou condicionamento físico. In Beck, S. L., & Cintra, A. G. Manual de gerenciamento equestre (pp. 107-147). Produção Independente: Araucária.
Cunha, E. M. S., Villalobos, E. M. C., Nassar, A. F. C., Lara, M. C. C. S. H., Peres, N. F., Palazzo, J. P. C., . . . Pino, F. A. (2009). Prevalência de anticorpos contra agentes virais em equídeos no sul do estado de São Paulo. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 76(2), 165-171.
Gardiner, D. W., Lunn, D. P., Goehring, L. S., Chiang, Y. W., Cook, C., Osterrieder, N., . . . Hussey, G. S. (2012). Strain impact on equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) abortion models: viral loads in fetal and placental tissues and foals. Vaccine, 30(46), 6564-6572. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.08.046
Grinde, B. (2013). Herpesviruses: latency and reactivation – viral strategies and host response. Journal of Oral Microbiology, 5(1), 1-9. doi: 10.3402/jom.v5i0.22766
Kotait, I., Peixoto, Z. M. P., Queiroz, L. H., Cunha, E. M. S., Souza, M. C. A. M., Macruz, R., & Freitas, C. A. (1989). Diagnóstico laboratorial do aborto equino a vírus através de imunofluorescência e soroneutralização. Revista de Microbiologia, 20(1), 128-132.
Ma, G., Azab, W. & Osterrieder, N. (2013). Equine herpesviruses type 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) - Masters of co-evolution and a constant threat to equids and beyond. Veterinary Microbiology, 167(1-2), 123-134. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.06.018
Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. (2016). Revisão do Estudo do Complexo do Agronegócio do Cavalo. Recuperado em 1 de Maio, 2019, de http://www.agricultura.gov.br/assuntos/camaras-setoriais-tematicas/documentos/camaras-setoriais/equideocultura/anos-anteriores/revisao-do-estudo-do-complexo-do-agronegocio-do-cavalo
Penkert, R. R. & Kalejta, R. F. (2011). Tegument protein control of latent herpesvirus establishment and animation. Herpesviridae, 2(3), 1-20. doi: 10.1186/2042-4280-2-3
Schulman, M. L., Kass, P. H., Becker, A., & Van Der Merwe, B. (2013). A predictive model for reproductive performance following abortion in thoroughbred mares. Veterinary Record, 172(2), 44. doi: 10.1136/vr.100670
Silva, A. A., Cunha, E. M. S., Lara, M. C. C. S. H., Villalobos, E. M. C., Nassar, A. F. C., Mori, E., . . . Del Fava, C. (2018). Low occurrence of equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) as cause of abortion and perinatal mortality in Brazil. Arquivos do Instituto Biológico, 85(1), 1-7. doi: 10.1590/1808‑1657000852017
Smith, D. J., Iqbal, J., Edington, N., Purewal, A., & Hamblin, A. S. (1998). In vitro reactivation of latent equid herpesvirus-1 from CD5+/CD8+ leukocytes indirectly by IL-2 or chorionic gonadotrophin. Journal of General Virology, 79(12), 2997-3004. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-79-12-2997
Tearle, J. P., Smith, K. C., Boyle, M. S., Binns, M. M., Livesay, G. L., & Mumford, J. A. (1996). Replication of equid herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) in the testes and epididymis of ponies and venereal shedding of infectious virus. Journal of Comparative Pathology, 115(4), 385-397. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9975(96)80073-9
Walter, J., Balzer, H. J., Seeh, C., Fey, K., Bleul, U., & Osterrieder, N. (2012). Venereal shedding of equid herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) in naturally infected stallions. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 26(6), 1500-1504. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00997.x
Yildirim, Y., Yilmaz, V., & Kirmizigul, A. H. (2015). Equine herpes virus type 1 (EHV-1) and 4 (EHV-4) infections in horses and donkeys in northeastern Turkey. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 16(4), 341-344. doi: 10.22099/IJVR.2015.3285
Downloads
Published
2020-04-07
How to Cite
Muniz, T. D. T. P., Lara, M. do C. C. de S. H., Villalobos, E. M. C., Pinheiro Junior, J. W., Oliveira, E. R. G. de, & Carneiro, G. F. (2020). Sero-epidemiological and reproductive survey for alphaherpesvirus infections in horses in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(3), 1079–1086. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n3p1079
Issue
Section
Communication
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Semina: Ciências Agrárias
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias adopts the CC-BY-NC license for its publications, the copyright being held by the author, in cases of republication we recommend that authors indicate first publication in this journal.
This license allows you to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform and develop the material, as long as it is not for commercial purposes. And due credit must be given to the creator.
The opinions expressed by the authors of the articles are their sole responsibility.
The magazine reserves the right to make normative, orthographic and grammatical changes to the originals in order to maintain the cultured standard of the language and the credibility of the vehicle. However, it will respect the writing style of the authors. Changes, corrections or suggestions of a conceptual nature will be sent to the authors when necessary.
