Agronomic performance of grain sorghum in different spatial arrangements
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n4p1107Keywords:
Second season crops, Narrow spacing, Sorghum bicolor.Abstract
Grain sorghum has been cultivated extensively in the Central-West region of Brazil in succession with soybean, since the species tolerates the low rainfall conditions recorded during this growing season. Phytotechnological adjustments for sorghum are still necessary in order to exploit the maximum yield potential of the crop. In this context, altering the plant distribution may result in better utilization of the growing area with a consequent increase in grain yield. On this basis, field experiments were conducted with two grain sorghum hybrids, replicated in two different locations, in order to evaluate the effect of the spatial arrangement of plants on the agronomic performance of grain sorghum. The design was a randomized complete block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with five replications. The factors consisted of two row spacings (0.50 and 0.25 m) and four plant densities: 120, 180, 240, and 300 thousand plants ha-1. The sorghum hybrids used were 1G244® and 1G100®. At harvest, morphological characteristics, yield components, and grain yields were evaluated. Row spacing did not influence the characteristics evaluated except for the plant height of for both hybrids, in addition to the stem diameter, tillering, and mass of a thousand grains for 1G100®. The increase in plant density provided an increase in grain yield, being the highest number of panicles per area the most expressive component for this behavior.Downloads
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References
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Rajcan, I., & Swanton, C. J. (2001). Understanding maize-weed competition: resource competition, light quality and the whole plant. Field Crops Research, 71(1), 139-150. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00159-9
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Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2013). Fisiologia vegetal (5a ed.). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Walker, E. R., Mengistu, A., Bellaloui, N., Koger, C. H., Roberts, R. K., & Larson, J. A. (2010). Plant population and row-spacing effects on maturity group III soybean. Agronomy Journal, 102(3), 821-826. doi: 10.2134/agronj2009.0219
Albuquerque, C. J. B., Von Pinho, R. G., Brant, R. S., & Mendes, M. C. (2011). Espaçamento e densidade de semeadura para cultivares de sorgo granífero no semiárido. Bragantia, 70(2), 278- 285. doi: 10.1590/S0006-87052011000200005
Avelino, P. M., Neiva, J. N. M., Araújo, V. L., Alexandrino, E., Santos, A. C., & Restle, J. (2011). Características agronômicas e estruturais de híbridos de sorgo em função de diferentes densidades de plantio. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 42(2), 534-541. doi: 10.1590/S1806-66902011000200037
Ballaré, C. L., & Casal, J. J. (2000). Light signals perceived by crop and weed plants. Field Crops Research, 67(1), 149-160. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(00)00090-3
Baumhardt, R. L., & Howell, T. A. (2006). Seeding practices, cultivar maturity, and irrigation effects on simulated grain sorghum yield. Agronomy Journal, 98(3), 462-470. doi: 10.2134/agronj2005.0156
Bayu, W., Rethman, N. F. G., Hammes, P. S., & Alemu, G. (2006). Effects of farmyard manure and inorganic fertilizers on sorghum growth, yield and nitrogen use in a Semi-arid area of Ethiopia. Plant Nutrition Journal, 29(2), 391-407. doi: 10.1080/01904160500320962
Cox, W. J., Cherney, J. H., & Shields, E. (2010). Soybeans compensate at low seeding rate but not at high thinning rates. Agronomy Journal, 102(4), 1238-1243. doi: 10.2134/agronj2010.0047
Dow Agrosciences (2018). Híbridos de sorgo. Recuperado de http://www.dowagro.com/pt-br/brasil/product-finder/sementes/hibridos-de-sorgo
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (2013). Sistema brasileiro de classificação de solos (3a ed.). Brasília: EMBRAPA Solos.
Ferreira, D. F. (2011). Sisvar: a computer statistical analysis system. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 35(6), 1039-1042. doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542011000600001
Fornasieri, D., Fº., & Fornasieri, J. L. (2009). Manual da cultura do sorgo. Jaboticabal, SP: FUNEP.
Freitas, R. S., Borger, W. L. B., & Ticelli, M. (2014). Sorgo granífero - desempenho agronômico de cultivares. Pesquisa & Tecnologia, 11(1), 1-6.
Gan, Y., Stulen, I., Van Keulen, H., & Kuiper, P. J. C. (2002). Physiological response of soybean genotypes to plant density. Field Crops Research, 74(2/3), 231-241. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00212-X
Hammer, G. L., & Broad, I. J. (2003). Genotype and environment effects on dynamics of harvest index during grain filling in sorghum. Agronomy Journal, 95(1), 199-206. doi: 10.2134/agronj2003.1990
Jones, O. R., & Johnson, G. L. (1997). Evaluation of a short season, high-density production strategy for dryland sorghum. Texas: USDA-ARS.
Magalhães, P. C., & Durães, F. O. M. (2003). Ecofisiologia da produção de sorgo. Sete Lagoas: EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo. Comunicado Técnico 87.
May, A., Campanha, M. M., Silva, A. F., Freitas, R. S., & Albuquerque, C. J. B. (2014). Arranjo de plantas no plantio. In A. Borém, L. Pimentel, & R. Parrela (Eds.), Sorgo do plantio a colheita (pp. 119-143). Viçosa, MG: UFV.
Montagner, D., Lovato, C., & Garcia, D. C. (2004). Perdas aleatórias na população inicial e sua relação com o rendimento de grãos em sorgo. Revista Brasileira de Agrociência, 10(3), 281-285. doi: 10.18539/CAST.V10I3.958
Rajcan, I., & Swanton, C. J. (2001). Understanding maize-weed competition: resource competition, light quality and the whole plant. Field Crops Research, 71(1), 139-150. doi: 10.1016/S0378-4290(01)00159-9
Snider, J. L., Rapera, R. L., & Schwabb, E. B. (2012). The effect of row spacing and seeding rateon biomass production and plant stand characteristics of non-irrigated photoperiod-sensitive sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). Industrial Crops and Products, 37(1), 527-535. doi: 10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.07.032
Stichler, C., McFarland, M., & Coffman, C. (1997). Irrigated and dryland grain sorghum production south and southwest Texas. Bulletin of Texas Agricultural Extension Service, College Station, 6048, 1-13. Retrieved from: https://agrilifeextension.tamu.edu/library/farming/irrigated-and-dryland-sorghum-production-in-south-and-southwest-texas/
Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2013). Fisiologia vegetal (5a ed.). Porto Alegre: Artmed.
Walker, E. R., Mengistu, A., Bellaloui, N., Koger, C. H., Roberts, R. K., & Larson, J. A. (2010). Plant population and row-spacing effects on maturity group III soybean. Agronomy Journal, 102(3), 821-826. doi: 10.2134/agronj2009.0219
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Published
2020-05-13
How to Cite
Rocha, A. G. C., Carmo, E. L. do, Braz, G. B. P., Ribeiro Júnior, L. F., Menezes, C. C. E. de, Simon, G. A., … Rocha, M. E. C. (2020). Agronomic performance of grain sorghum in different spatial arrangements. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(4), 1107–1118. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n4p1107
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