Genetic variability in Tambaqui generations of the breeding program in the Central-West Region of Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3Supl1p1785Keywords:
Colossoma macropomum, Native species, Genetic improvement, Microsatellites.Abstract
The implementation of fish breeding programs in Brazil has brought significant results in the productivity of tilapia. However, the insertion of native species with great potential (such as Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum) in these programs is still recent, and thus requires genetic information for monitoring and enabling their consolidation into the programs. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of the parental generation (G0) and two consecutive generations (G1 and G2) in the C. macropomum genetic improvement program, located in the municipality of Sorriso, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Ninety caudal fin samples were collected (30 samples per generation) for DNA extraction. The genetic study implemented seven microsatellite markers (Cm1A8, Cm1A11, Cm1D1, Cm1E3, Cm1F4, Cm1F5, and Cm1H8). A total of 17 alleles were amplified, with variations in the mean number between four to two alleles per locus. The size per locus ranged from 170 to 360 bp. The average inbreeding coefficient was 0.126 (G0), -0.040 (G1), and 0.131 (G2). No null or exclusive alleles were found. The observed heterozygosity values for G1 and G2 demonstrated the preservation of genetic variability (0.453 and 0.409, respectively). In conclusion, the genetic diversity of the parental generation (G0) and the two progenies generations (G1 and G2) were adequate, which demonstrates that the genetic improvement program was conducted correctly; however, it is important to continue to evaluations the genetic diversity of the future progeny.Downloads
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References
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Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M. D. P., Lopera-Barrero, N. M., Vargas, L., Albuquerque, D. M., Goes, E. S. R., Prado, O. P. P., & Ribeiro, R. P. (2013). Caracterização genética de gerações de tilápia Gift por meio de marcadores microssatélites. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 48(10), 1385-1393. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2013001000010
Santana, G. X. (2011). Marcadores microssatélites: ferramentas para manejo e conservação da variabilidade genética em populações de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier 1818). Tese de doutorado, Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, GCBEv, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus, AM, Brasil.
Santos, C. H. A., Santana, G. X., Leitão, C. S., Paula-Silva, M. N., & Almeida-Val, V. M. F. (2016). Loss of genetic diversity in farmed populations of Colossoma macropomum estimated by microsatellites. Animal Genetics, 47(3), 373-376. doi: 10.1111/age.12422
Santos, M. C. F., Hrbek, T., & Farias, I. (2009). Microsatellite markers for the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Serrasalmidae, Characiformes), an economically important 20 keystone species of the Amazon River floodplain. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(3), 874-876. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.20 08.02331.x
Souza, F. P., Castro, P. L., Goes, E. S. R., Ribeiro, R. P., Santos, S. C. A., Lima, E. C. S.,... Lopera-Barrero, N. M. (2018). Genetic variability of Prochilodus lineatus in artificial and semi-natural reproduction. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 17(2), 321-325. doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2017.1365312
Aguiar, J. D. P., Gomes, P. F. F., Hamoy, I. G., Santos, S. E. B. D., Schneider, H., & Sampaio, I. (2018). Loss of genetic variability in the captive stocks of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818), at breeding centers in Brazil, and their divergence from wild populations. Aquaculture Research, 49(5), 1914-1925. doi: 10.1111/are.13647
Araujo-Lima, C. A. R. M., & Goulding, M. (1997). So fruitful fish: ecology, conservation, and aquaculture of the Amazon’s Tambaqui. New York: Columbia University Press.
Belkhir, K., Borsa, P., Chikhi, L., Raufaste, N., & Bonhomme, F. (2004). Genetix 4.05, logiciel sous Windows TM pour la genetique des populations. Montpellier, France: Laboratoire Genome, Populations, Interactions, CNRS UMR 5000, Universite de Montpellier II.
Cornuet, J. M., & Luikart, G. (1996). Description and power analysis of two tests for detecting recent population bottlenecks from allele frequency data. Genetics, 144(4), 2001-2014.
Earl, D. A., & Vonholdt, B. M. (2012). Structure Harvester: a website and program for visualizing Structure output and implementing the Evanno method. Conservation Genetic Research, 4(2), 359-361. doi: 10. 1007/s12686-011-9548-7
Evanno, G., Regnault, S., & Goudet, J. (2005). Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software structure: a simulation study. Molecular Ecology, 14(8), 2611-2620. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02553.x
Excoffier, L., Laval, G., & Schneider, S. (2005). Arlequin ver. 3.0: An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evolution Bioinformatics Online, 11(1), 47-50. doi: 10.1177/1176934 30500100003
Gjedrem, T., Robinson, N., & Rye, M. (2012). The importance of selective breeding in aquaculture to meet future demands for animal protein: a review. Aquaculture, 350(353), 117 129. doi: 10.1016/j. aquaculture.2012.04.008
Gonçalves, R. A., Santos, C. H. D. A. D., Sá Leitão, C. S. de, Souza, É. M. S. de, & Almeida Val, V. M. F. de. (2019). Genetic basis of Colossoma macropomum broodstock: perspectives for an improvement program. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 50(3), 633-644. doi: 10.1111/jwas.12564
Gonçalves, R. C., & Oliveira, L. C. (2009). EMBRAPA Acre: ciência e tecnologia para o desenvolvimento sustentável do Sudoeste da Amazônia. Rio Branco, AC: EMBRAPA Acre.
Goudet, J. (2005). FSTAT: a program to estimate and test gene diversities and fixation indices (version 2.9.3.2). Retrieved from https://www2.unil.ch/popgen/softwares/fstat.htm
Jacometo, C. B., Barrero, N. M. L., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M. D. P., Gomes, P. C., Povh, J. A., Streit, D. P., Jr.,... Ribeiro, R. P. (2010). Variabilidade genética em tambaquis (Teleostei: Characidae) de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 45(5), 481-487. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X201000 0500007
Lopera-Barrero, N. M., Povh, J. A., Ribeiro, R. P., Gomes, P. C., Jacometo, C. B., & Lopes, T. S. (2008). Comparison of DNA extraction protocols of fish fin and larvae samples: modified salt (NaCl) extraction. Ciencia e Investigación Agraria, 35, 65-74. doi: 10.4067/S0718-16202008000100008
Lopera-Barrero, N. M., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M. D. P., Fornari, D. C., Resende, E. K., Poveda-Parra, A. R., Braccini, G. L.,… Ribeiro, R. P. (2015). Genetic variability of broodstocks of Tambaqui (Teleostei: Characidae) from the northeast region of Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 36(6), 4013-4022. doi: 10. 5433/1679-0359.2015v36n6p4013
Marcos, R.; Povh, J. A.; Fornari, D. C.; De Oliveira, C. A. L.; Ribeiro, R. P.; Lopera-Barrero, N. M.; Murari, P. J. F. (2016). Weight gain and morphometric growth of genetically improved Tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 37(4), 2521-2527. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4 Supl1p2521
Mello, F., Oliveira, C. A. L., Ribeiro, R. P., Resende, E. K., Povh, J. A., Fornari, D. C.,... Streit, D., Jr. (2015). Growth curve by Gompertz nonlinear regression model in female and males in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 87(4), 2309-2315. doi: 10.1590/ 0001-3765201520140315
Peakall, R., & Smouse, P. E. (2012). GenALEx 6.5: Genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research-an update. Bioinformatics, 28(19), 2537-2539. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/ bts460
Peixe BR: Associação Brasileira da Piscicultura (2020). Anuário Peixe BR da Piscicultura 2019. São Paulo.
Petersen, R. L., Garcia, J. E., Mello, G., Liedke, A. M. R., Sincero, T. C. M., & Grisard, E. C. (2012). Análise da diversidade genética de tilápias cultivadas no estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil) utilizando marcadores microssatélites. Boletim do Instituto de Pesca, 38(4), 313-321.
Pritchard, J. K., Stephens, M., & Donnelly, P. (2000). Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics, 155(2), 945-959.
Ribeiro, R. P., & Legat, A. P. (2008). Delineamento de programas de melhoramento genético de espécies aqüícolas no Brasil. Teresina: EMBRAPA Meio-Norte (INFOTECA-E).
Ribeiro, R. P., Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M. P., Resende, E. K., Souza, F. P., Povh, J. A., Poveda-Parra, A. R.,... Lopera-Barrero, N. M. (2016). Genetic characteristics of Tambaqui broodstocks in the state of Rondônia, Brazil: implications on production and conservation. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 37(4), 2375-2386. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4Supl1p2375
Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M. D. P., Lopera-Barrero, N. M., Ribeiro, R. P., Povh, J. A., Vargas, L., & Sirol, R. N. (2010). Diversidad genética de piracanjuba usada en programas de repoblación con marcadores microsatélites. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 45(1), 56-63. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2010000100 008
Rodriguez-Rodriguez, M. D. P., Lopera-Barrero, N. M., Vargas, L., Albuquerque, D. M., Goes, E. S. R., Prado, O. P. P., & Ribeiro, R. P. (2013). Caracterização genética de gerações de tilápia Gift por meio de marcadores microssatélites. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 48(10), 1385-1393. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2013001000010
Santana, G. X. (2011). Marcadores microssatélites: ferramentas para manejo e conservação da variabilidade genética em populações de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Cuvier 1818). Tese de doutorado, Genética, Conservação e Biologia Evolutiva, GCBEv, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia Manaus, AM, Brasil.
Santos, C. H. A., Santana, G. X., Leitão, C. S., Paula-Silva, M. N., & Almeida-Val, V. M. F. (2016). Loss of genetic diversity in farmed populations of Colossoma macropomum estimated by microsatellites. Animal Genetics, 47(3), 373-376. doi: 10.1111/age.12422
Santos, M. C. F., Hrbek, T., & Farias, I. (2009). Microsatellite markers for the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum, Serrasalmidae, Characiformes), an economically important 20 keystone species of the Amazon River floodplain. Molecular Ecology Resources, 9(3), 874-876. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.20 08.02331.x
Souza, F. P., Castro, P. L., Goes, E. S. R., Ribeiro, R. P., Santos, S. C. A., Lima, E. C. S.,... Lopera-Barrero, N. M. (2018). Genetic variability of Prochilodus lineatus in artificial and semi-natural reproduction. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 17(2), 321-325. doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2017.1365312
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Published
2021-04-22
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Urrea-Rojas, A. M., Bignardi, A. B., Souza, F. P. de, Lima, E. C. S. de, Ayres, D. R., Povh, J. A., … Lopera-Barrero, N. M. (2021). Genetic variability in Tambaqui generations of the breeding program in the Central-West Region of Brazil. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(3Supl1), 1785–1796. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3Supl1p1785
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