Appearances that count: appearance as an assessment tool Social
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/2237-9126.2014v8n15p5Keywords:
Look, Photography, Average.Abstract
This paper explores the way that, in modernity, people believed in a causeeffect relationship between character and image. There were studies that tried to prove those relations and establish a catalogue of people types, to make possible the identification of those considered inadequate. Photography played, here, a relevant role, creating these files and transforming some staging performances in objective facts. The “average man” was a concept created to determine what the average was but, in this figure, the average and the ideal collapse. The paper studies the concept of the average and the ideal in the modern Europe and also his role in the USA mass consumption society.References
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BAIN NEWS SERVICE. Portrait Parle class. France. [191?]. Disponível em: https://www.flickr.com/photos/library_of_congress/2162889173/in/photolistic99Ln-9rriV8-4i8nAD-hNYegr-9ruhdj-pNVJX-4i8nFk-hTJCMH-nVmpJJ-4hQbj4- 4hUgmq-icaXSf-ic8mxR-hTLPg7-ic9Meq-ic7NVL-ic6AJS-ic6ivU-ic5fri-icaFzpic7BhT-i1vrDN-dSxbFz-ic5KYK-hTSYwr-icaZh8-hTLzbm-hTRScz-8D7j5j-icccTQiccjRM-icc56A-icbUzS-icbTJo-icbZtP-icbnJA-icbeZ7-icbuzB-icaYHo-ic9q3h-ic9iyd-ic95aE-ic8Du9-ic8b9Y-ic8ePG-ic7HTv-ic7B61-ic6WDH-ic7aGh-ic6QW9. Acesso em: 4 jul. 2014.
BATAILLE, Georges. The deviations of nature. In: BATAILLE, Georges.. Visions of excess: selected writings 1927-1939. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1985.
BAUMAN, Zygmunt. Life in fragments: essays in postmodern morality. Cambridge: Blackwell, 1995.
BETTY CROCKER. New! Custard chiffon cake. Family Circle, v. 43, n. 1, July 1953. Disponível em:https://www.flickr.com/photos/29069717@N02/10320281363/in/photolistgHY96z-8gLofS-7hbpDW-7h7r9X-3EfAvA-go4r3b-q2pBo-gfyA4Z-5Nt2wR5wgCaX-49Js84-jrC1eN-kAQWCD-3Kgn1i-jrA3JP-5wgCfg-7hbpgC-nB7atA6XwvQT-hDwnRZ-gCuaLX-5Nt2ye-mKgUef-6dPwaR-kB9KAc-aoeqYK-8kX89ghWPGYd-aE62TC-dPuuZ8-49Jsbx-kg8Ce-iVSzg-ady1jA-ggpMYy-fhXpat-fhXpkXfhXpeP-fhXpcP-ficEJh-ficEDb-ficEFS-ficELq-fhXpjn-fhXpe6-ficEAY-48VMwE3EbieK-74pvv9-74hjde. Acesso em: 4 jul. 2014.
COURTINE, Jean-Jacques; HAROCHE, Claudine. História do rosto. Lisboa: Teorema, 1995.
DELEUZE, Gilles; GUATTARI, Félix. Mil planaltos: capitalismo e esquizofrenia. 2. ed. Lisboa: Assírio & Alvim, 2007.
DELEUZE, Gilles. O mistério de ariana. Lisboa: Veja, 1996.
DIDI-HUBERMAN, Georges. Invention of hysteria: charcot and the iconography of the salpêtrière. Massachusetts: The mit press, 2003.
FOUCAULT, Michel. Abnormal: lectures at the college de france 1974-1975. New York: Picador, 1999.
FOUCAULT, Michel. História da sexualidade I: a vontade de saber. Lisboa: Relógio d´Água, 1994.
FRADE, Pedro Miguel. Figuras do espanto: a fotografia antes da sua cultura. Lisboa: Asa, 1992.
GALTON, Francis. Race improvement. In: CANDICANS, Galtonia. Memories of my life. London: Nabu press, 1909. p. 310-324.
GILMAN, Sander L. Making the body beautiful: a cultural history of aesthetic surgery. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1999.
HABERMAS, Jürgen. Técnica e ciência como ideologia. Lisboa: Edições 70, 2007.
LAVATER, Johann Caspar. Johan Caspar Lavater, rejse til danmark i sommeren 1793. 1898. Disponível em: https://www.flickr.com/photos/britishlibrary/11247426564/in/photolist-nnFPo5- 4LzBrv-aCNTpy-7AMemd-bX9Wer-5PDpLz-cdAtGW-a1ETdp-aCNSN5-aCL9TaaCL96a-9vvdR9-ax1ZcU-i8U14E-i8NkjB-md1Lh-6a12rP-2iPcXX-5toR65-axUpWDaxUpjx-8BsS12-bunk7w-8k1ecA-mbVF4E-8jXbsz-8jWTZD-d1Uwu5-iBofhJ-5xa272- 7dqnBG-8kzj5K-92q8BU-FbxmX-92n2ak-9TLbQT-9TXydX-9To8Xt-9TP17W-9U6uZu9Tnkb6-9Tr62A-9TXTj2-9T6KA4-9Ta3uj-4wJVXw-8dYwvk-92q8zh-92q8xd-8XW6oj. Acesso em: 4 jul. 2014.
LAVATER, Johann Caspar. On the lines of animality. In: LAVATER, Johann Caspar. Essays on physiognomy: for the promotion of knowledge and the love of mankind. London: C. Whittingilam, 1804. p. 493. v. 3.
LAVATER, Johann Caspar. Physiognomy, or the corresponding analogy between the conformation of the features and the ruling passions of the mind. London: William Tegg, 1866.
MEIJER, Miriam. Race and aesthetics in the anthropology of petrus camper. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1999.
PLINE L´ANCIEN. Histoire naturelle XXXV. Paris: Les belles lettres, 1985.
QUETELET, Adolphe. A treatise on man and the development of his faculties. Los Angeles: University of California Library, 2003.
SHAPIRO, Laura. “I guarantee”: betty crocker and the woman in the kitchen. In: AVAKIAN, Arlene V.; HABER, Barbara (Ed.). From betty crocker to feminist food studies: critical perspectives on woman and food. Boston: University of Massachusetts Press, 2005.
STOICHITA, Victor. A short history of the shadow. London: Reaktion books, 1999.
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Published
2014-12-22
How to Cite
Cordeiro, M. (2014). Appearances that count: appearance as an assessment tool Social. Domínios Da Imagem, 8(15), 5–29. https://doi.org/10.5433/2237-9126.2014v8n15p5
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