Validación psicométrica de la versión brasileña de la ExerciseBenefits/BarriersScale en adultos y ancianos con enfermedades cardiovasculares
Validación psicométrica de la versión brasileña de la ExerciseBenefits/BarriersScale
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/anh.2023v5.id46392Palabras clave:
Estudio de Validación, Investigación Metodológica en Enfermería, Ejercicio Físico, Percepción, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, PsicometríaResumen
Objetivo: describir la consistencia interna y la validez de constructo de la versión brasileña de la ExerciseBenefits/BarriersScale para adultos y ancianos con enfermedades cardiovasculares. Métodos: estudio metodológico con 121 participantes. La escala tiene 42 ítems, divididos en subescalas de barreras (14 ítems) y beneficios (28). La puntuación total estuvo entre 42 y 168. Valores más altos indican mayor percepción de beneficios y menor percepción de barreras para los ejercicios. Se describieron la consistencia interna, la validez de constructo (convergente y divergente) y la presencia de efectos techo y suelo. Resultados: entre los participantes, 58,7% eran del sexo masculino, con una edad media de 58,2 años (DE = 13,2) y baja escolaridad (media = 7,9 años; DE = 4,5). Los valores alfa de Cronbach fueron 0,92 (escala total), 0,95 (beneficios) y 0,65 (barreras). Se verificó una correlación lineal negativa y moderada entre los puntajes totales de la escala y la CardiacRehabilitationBarriersScale (r=-0,513; p<0,001). La validez convergente y divergente fue satisfactoria según el análisis multirrasgo-multimétodo. Se observó la presencia de un efecto techo en el 75% de los ítems de la subescala beneficios y un efecto suelo en el ítem 12 de la subescala barreras. Conclusión: el instrumento mostró consistencia interna satisfactoria y validez de constructo en una muestra de adultos y ancianos brasileños con enfermedades cardiovasculares. Se recomiendan futuras investigaciones con la realización de análisis factorial confirmatorio, evaluando individuos con enfermedades cardiovasculares, con estudios superiores, en diferentes modalidades terapéuticas y provenientes de diferentes regiones del país.
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