Fumonisins: toxicological effects, mechanism of action and biomarkers for exposure assesment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2004v25n3p207Keywords:
Fumonisins, Sphingolipids, Fusarium verticillioides, Biomarkers, Corn.Abstract
Fumonisins, mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides Sacc. Niremberg (F. moniliforme Sheldon), the prevalent seed borne fungus of corn (Zea mays), have been associated with several animal diseases, such as equine leukoencephalomalacia, porcine pulmonary edema and hepatic and renal carcinomas in rats and mice. Epidemiological studies have linked consumption of fumonisin-contaminated corn with esophageal cancer in human populations in China and South Africa. In addition, fungal growth and further corn contamination by fumonisins cause great economic losses throughout the world. The fumonisin B1 molecule bears remarkable structural resemblance to the long-chain base backbones of sphingolipids. The toxicity and carcinogenicity of FB1 is based on its ability to inhibit ceramide synthase, a key enzyme in the metabolism of complex sphingolipids. Inhibition of these metabolic pathway results in increased intracellular concentrations of free sphinganine and depletion of complex sphingolipids, which play important roles in cell regulation. Due to the worldwide occurrence of fumonisins in corn and corn-based products, many studies have aimed the development of biomarkers for exposure assessment and for establishment of acceptable exposure levels to fumonisins. This review discusses the toxicological effects of fumonisins in vivo and in vitro, biochemical mechanisms of action and the progress in development of biomarkers for exposure assessment.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
O Copyright dos manuscritos publicados pertence ao periódico. Como são publicados em um periódico de acesso aberto, eles estão disponíveis gratuitamente, para uso privado ou para fins educacionais e não comerciais.
A revista tem o direito de fazer, no documento original, alterações referentes às normas lingüísticas, ortografia e gramática, com o objetivo de garantir as normas padrão do idioma e a credibilidade da revista. No entanto, respeitará o estilo de escrita dos autores.
Quando necessário, alterações conceituais, correções ou sugestões serão encaminhadas aos autores. Nesses casos, o manuscrito deve ser submetido a uma nova avaliação após revisão.
A responsabilidade pelas opiniões expressas nos manuscritos é inteiramente dos autores.