Consciência histórica
o enigma dos diferentes paradigmas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/2238-3018.2023v29n2p010-040Palavras-chave:
Consciência histórica, cultura histórica, filosofia da história, hermenêutica, pesquisa em ensino de HistóriaResumo
Para tornar a consciência histórica possível para a pesquisa em Ensino de História, é necessário desvendar seus fundamentos multidisciplinares, de modo a evitar abordagens e resultados contraditórios. O objetivo deste artigo, portanto, é esclarecer o enigma de seus diferentes paradigmas. Discutiremos dois paradigmas inter-relacionados: um que interpreta a consciência histórica como um fenômeno coletivo característico da sociedade ocidental moderna, e o outro que trata a consciência histórica em um nível individual como uma categoria cognitivo epistemológica. Mostraremos que vários equívocos na pesquisa educacional sobre a consciência histórica resultam da confusão entre essas duas conceitualizações e seus paradigmas subjacentes. No entanto, ao destacar a noção de Wirkungsgeschichte (efeito histórico) de Hans-Georg Gadamer, argumentamos que ambas as conceituações não são totalmente mutuamente exclusivas. Incluir a consciência historicamente afetada na noção de consciência histórica oferece uma ampla gama de oportunidades, tanto para os estudiosos da educação em História quanto para os educadores de História.
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