History and education: the new pedagogy and the beginnings of education in Marília

Abstract

The 1920s and 1930s mark a effervescent moment in the “field” of education in Brazil. It is the time when the ideas of the New Pedagogy from the United States and Europe begin to fight for space with the so-called classical pedagogy, thus seeking to make a renovation in Brazilian education. At this same time, arises within the state of São Paulo the city of Marilia and logo in its early years foundation sees education be leveraged, thanks to the initiative of marilienses exponents, like Bento de Abreu Sampaio Vidal and Balthazar de Godoy Moreira who see education as a development opportunity. So the years of foundation of Marilia will coincide with the moment of effervescence of national education. The hypothesis advanced here is that the rapid development of education after year 1929 in the city is connected to the adoption of the ideas of New Pedagogy that were present in Brazil since the early 1920s. Have no previous experience of teaching practices, Marilia serve as a laboratory for application of ideas that were beginning to dominate the "field" of formal education in the country. And this move will have on the "Manifesto of the Pioneers of the New Education" in 1932, the most accomplished of the ideals of the group of intellectuals led by Teixeira, Fernando Lourenço Filho and Azevedo adherents to the ideology New Pedagogy expression.