<b>Considerations about the theory of the modes in the Spinoza's ethics</b>

Abstract

The particular difficulty of the Spinozist theory of the modes. The definition of modes according to definition V, book I of the “Ethics”. The characterization of the modes as ontological dependents of the substance with no autonomy. The theory of the modes as embracing all the things that can not exist or exist or be conceived without God. The definition of the immediate infinite modes as necessary resultants of God’s absolute nature or of the absolute nature of any of God’s attributes, without the concurrence of other circumstances. The definition of the mediate infinite modes as resultants of God’s attributes while affected by an immediate infinite mode. The definition of the finite modes as affections of God’s attributes or as the singular things that we perceive in time and space with empirical, finite and determined existence. The definition of the bodies as being only the particular determinations of the infinite attribute extension and the finite understandings are merely modes of the infinite attribute thought, that can not be identified with the absolutely infinite substance or God.