Bioactive peptides from bovine cartilage and intestinal mucosa as a replacement for spray-dried bovine plasma in nursery piglet diets
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2026v47n1p145Keywords:
Bovine plasma replacement, Feed efficiency, Functional peptides profile, Post-weaning performance, Weaned piglets.Abstract
Soluble peptides derived from bovine cartilage and intestinal mucosa (Peptipro®) are obtained through enzymatic hydrolysis as byproducts of heparin and chondroitin extraction. This hydrolysis releases bioactive compounds and results in a highly digestible product. This study aimed to identify the bioactive peptides present in Peptipro® and evaluate the effects of its dietary inclusion on the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets, compared with diets containing spray-dried bovine plasma (BP) used in nursery feeding. Peptipro® was subjected to peptide sequencing using mass spectrometry. The performance trial was conducted in a randomized block design with a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement and ten replicates. The factors included diet and sex of the piglets, while blocks were defined based on their initial body weight (BW). The experimental diets were as follows: BP: 6% and 3% spray-dried BP in Pre-initial I (first week) and II (second week) phases, respectively; Partial replacement of BP with Peptipro® (BP–Pep): 3% spray-dried BP and 3% Peptipro® in Pre-initial I phase, and 1.5% of each in Pre-initial II phase; and Peptipro®: 3% and 1.5% Peptipro® in Pre-initial I and II phases, respectively. During Initial I (third week) and Initial II (last 18 days) phases, all experimental groups received the same diet. A total of 120 piglets (6.92 ± 0.77 kg BW), comprising 60 immunocastrated males and 60 females, were distributed in 30 pens with four animals per pen and fed ad libitum for 39 days. In total, 176 peptides were identified in Peptipro®, of which 71 exhibited bioactive functions related to energy metabolism regulation (74.6%), blood pressure regulation (63.4%), and antioxidative activity (8.4%), immunomodulation (2.8%), and other metabolic processes (4.2%). Intestinal permeability, assessed using fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran), was not affected by diet (P = 0.308). In the Pre-initial II phase, Peptipro® diet increased the average daily gain by 12.8% compared with the BP–Pep diet (0.397 vs. 0.352 kg animal−1 day−1; P = 0.044), without affecting feed intake (0.444 kg animal−1 day−1, on average; P = 0.198), resulting in a better feed conversion ratio (1.08 vs. 1.25 kg feed kg−1 gain; P = 0.001). Fecal score was not influenced by diet, sex, or their interactions (P > 0.05), with mean relative frequencies of 51.5, 35.5, and 13.0% for normal, pasty, and liquid feces, respectively. Owing to its favorable amino acid profile, the presence of broad spectrum of bioactive peptides, and its positive effects on animal performance, Peptipro® can replace spray-dried BP in pre-starter diets for nursery piglets.
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