Carcass and meat traits of braford heifers fed diets with triticale silage replacing sorghum silage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2025v46n5p1359Keywords:
Beef cattle, Roughage, Sorghum bicolor, Triticosecale Wittmack, Winter cereals.Abstract
Different sources of roughage can influence carcass and meat characteristics during beef production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacing sorghum silage with increasing levels of triticale silage on carcass traits, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of Braford heifers. Twenty-four Braford heifers were fed feedlots with diets containing either sorghum silage or triticale silage, replacing 30%, 60%, or 100% of the roughage portion with sorghum silage. The animals were slaughtered after 63 days of feeding, and their carcass characteristics, meat composition, and fatty acid profiles were evaluated. Data were analyzed using the F-test at a 5% significance level, and treatment means were compared using Tukey’s test. No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in carcass traits at any level of triticale silage inclusion. Similarly, the chemical composition of the Longissimus lumborum muscle and the fatty acid composition of the meat were not affected (p > 0.05). These results suggested that triticale silage can fully replace sorghum silage (up to 100% roughage) in feedlot diets for Braford heifers without negatively affecting carcass traits, meat, or lipid composition.
Downloads
References
American Meat Science Association (2001). Handbook meat evaluation. AMSA.
American Meat Science Association (2015). Research guidelines for cookery, sensory evaluation, and instrumental tenderness measurement of meat. AMSA.
Andreo, N., Bridi, A. M., Soares, A. L., Prohmann, P. E. F., Peres, L. M., Tarsitano, M. A., Lima Giangareli, B. de, & Takabayashi, A. A. (2016). Fatty acid profile of beef from immunocastrated (BOPRIVA®) Nellore bulls. Meat Science, 117(7), 12-17. doi: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2016.02.029
Animal and Plant Health Agency of Paraná [ADAPAR] (2014). Portaria n. 231 de 29 de outubro de 2014. Dispõe sobre as medidas e os procedimentos para a prevenção da febre aftosa no Estado do Paraná.
Ashkvari, A., Rouzbehan, Y., Rezaei, J., & Boostani, A. (2024). Replacing the forage portion of the ration with triticale hay improves the performance of Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 107(6), 3531-3542. doi: 10.3168/JDS.2023-24216
Association of Official Analytical Chemistry (1990). Official methods of analysis (16nd ed.). AOAC.
Ayalew, H., Kumssa, T. T., Butler, T. J., & Ma, X. F. (2018). Triticale improvement for forage and cover crop uses in the southern great plains of the United States. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9(8), 1130. doi: 10.3389/FPLS.2018.01130/BIBTEX
Badawy, S., Liu, Y., Guo, M., Liu, Z., Xie, C., Marawan, M. A., Ares, I., Lopez-Torres, B., Martínez, M., Maximiliano, J. E., Martínez-Larrañaga, M. R., Wang, X., Anadón, A., & Martínez, M. A. (2023). Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) as a functional food: is it beneficial or not? Food Research International, 172(10), 113158. doi: 10.1016/J.FOODRES.2023.113158
Bligh, E. G., & Dyer, W. J. (1959). A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 37(8), 911-917. doi: 10.1139/O59-099
Boakye, K., & Mittal, G. S. (1993). Changes in pH and water holding properties of Longissimus dorsi muscle during beef ageing. Meat Science, 34(3), 335-349. doi: 10.1016/0309-1740(93)90082-S
Boakye, K., & Mittal, G. S. (1996). Changes in colour of beef m. Longissimus dorsi muscle during ageing. Meat Science, 42(3), 347-354. doi: 10.1016/0309-1740(95)00025-9
Bueno, A. V. I., Lazzari, G., Jobim, C. C., & Daniel, J. L. P. (2020). Ensiling total mixed ration for ruminants: a review. Agronomy, 10(6), 879. doi: 10.3390/AGRONOMY10060879
Bumbieris, V. H., Jr., Pietro Guimarães, V. A. de, Azambuja Ribeiro, E. L. de, Dores Ferreira da Silva, L. das, Jobim, C. C., Mizubuti, I. Y., Camilo, I. M., Grandis, F. A., & Zanin, E. (2020). Productive performance of lambs fed with high-moisture triticale grain ensiled with different additives. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 100(2), 323-329. doi: 10.1139/cjas-2018-0175
Castagnino, P. S., Fiorentini, G., Dallantonia, E. E., San Vito, E., Messana, J. D., Torrecilhas, J. A., Silva, A. G., Sobrinho, & Berchielli, T. T. (2018). Fatty acid profile and carcass traits of feedlot Nellore cattle fed crude glycerin and virginiamycin. Meat Science, 140(6), 51-58. doi: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2018.02.013
Cosentino, C., Paolino, R., Adduci, F., Tarricone, S., Pacelli, C., Sabia, E., & Freschi, P. (2023). Case study on the impact of water resources in beef production: corn vs. triticale silage in the diet of limousine × podolian young bulls. Animals, 13(21), 3355. doi: 10.3390/ANI13213355
Department of Health (1994). Nutritional aspects of cardiovascular disease. Report of the cardiovascular review group committee on medical aspects of food policy. Reports on Health and Social Subjcts, 46, 1-186.
Freitas, A. K. de, Lobato, J. F. P., Cardoso, L. L., Tarouco, J. U., Vieira, R. M., Dillenburg, D. R., & Castro, I. (2014). Nutritional composition of the meat of Hereford and Braford steers finished on pastures or in a feedlot in southern Brazil. Meat Science, 96(1), 353-360. doi: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2013.07.021
Fruet, A. P. B., Stefanello, F. S., Rosado, A. G., Jr., Souza, A. N. M. de, Tonetto, C. J., & Nörnberg, J. L. (2016). Whole grains in the finishing of culled ewes in pasture or feedlot: performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. Meat Science, 113(3), 97-103. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2015.11.018
Hamm, R. (1961). Biochemistry of meat hydration. Advances in Food Research, 10(C), 355-463. doi: 10.1016/S0065-2628(08)60141-X
Harper, M. T., Oh, J., Giallongo, F., Roth, G. W., & Hristov, A. N. (2017). Inclusion of wheat and triticale silage in the diet of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 100(8), 6151-6163. doi: 10.3168/JDS.2017-12553
Heggli, A., Alvseike, O., Bjerke, F., Gangsei, L. E., Kongsro, J., Røe, M., & Vinje, H. (2023). Carcasses grading reflects the variation in beef yield - a multivariate method for exploring the relationship between beef yield and carcasses traits. Animal, 17(6), 100854. doi: 10.1016/J.ANIMAL.2023.100854
Henz, É. L., Silva, L. D. D. F. da, Bumbieris, V. H., Jr., Massaro, F. L., Jr., Zanin, E., & Gonçalves de Arruda, M. C. (2020). Evaluation and characterization of triticale silage (x. Triticosecale Wittmack) to replace Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (S. Vulgare Pers.) silage as feed for beef cattle. Semina: Ciências Agrarias, 41(1), 335-343. doi: 10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p335
Holman, B. W. B., & Hopkins, D. L. (2021). The use of conventional laboratory-based methods to predict consumer acceptance of beef and sheep meat: a review. Meat Science, 181(11), 108586. doi: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2021.108586
Horst, E. H., Neumann, M., Mareze, J., Leão, G. F. M., Bumbieris, V. H., Jr., & Mendes, M. C. (2018). Nutritional composition of pre-dried silage of different winter cereals. Acta Scientiarum - Animal Sciences, 40(1), 42500. doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.42500
Jung, J. S., Ravindran, B., Soundharrajan, I., Awasthi, M. K., & Choi, K. C. (2022). Improved performance and microbial community dynamics in anaerobic fermentation of triticale silages at different stages. Bioresource Technology, 345(2), 126485. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126485
Mori, C. de, Nascimento, A., Jr., & Miranda, M. Z. de. (2014). Aspectos econômicos e conjunturais da cultura de triticale no mundo e no Brasil. EMBRAPA Trigo. https://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/bitstream/doc/997374/1/2014documentosonline150.pdf
Mwangi, F. W., Charmley, E., Gardiner, C. P., Malau-Aduli, B. S., Kinobe, R. T., & Malau-Aduli, A. E. O. (2019). Diet and genetics influence beef cattle performance and meat quality characteristics. Foods, 8(12), 648. doi: 10.3390/foods8120648
Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle (2016). Nutrient requirements of beef cattle (8nd ed). National Academies Press.
Oliveira, A. M., Silva, L. D. F., Souza, A. P. O., Ribeiro, E. L. A., Jobim, C. C., & Bumbieris, V. H. (2021). Triticale silage replaces sorghum silage in finishing of Braford heifers. Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, 73(5), 1180-1186. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-12297
Pavan, E., Pouzo, L. B., Testa, M. L., Maglietti, C. S., Mazzucco, J. P., & Pardo, A. M. (2023). Impact of the duration of rearing and finishing periods on steer performance and carcass and meat quality characteristics. Livestock Science, 276(10), 105313. doi: 10.1016/J.LIVSCI.2023.105313
Purwin, C., Opyd, P. M., Baranowska, M., & Borsuk-Stanulewicz, M. (2022). The effect of diets containing high-moisture corn or triticale grain on animal performance and the fatty acid composition of lamb muscles. Animal, 12(22), 3130. doi: 10.3390/ANI12223130
Simopoulos, A. P. (2002). The importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 56(8), 365-379. doi: 10.1016/S0753-3322(02)00253-6
Smith, S. B., Lunt, D. K., Smith, D. R., & Walzem, R. L. (2020). Producing high-oleic acid beef and the impact of ground beef consumption on risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a review. Meat Science, 163(5), 108076. doi: 10.1016/J.MEATSCI.2020.108076
Torrecilhas, J. A., Pereira, G. L., Vito, E. S., Fiorentini, G., Ramirez-Zamudio, G. D., Fonseca, L. S., Torres, R. de N. S., Simioni, T. A., Duarte, J. M., Machado, O. R., Neto, Curi, R. A., Chardulo, L. A. L., Baldassini, W. A., & Berchielli, T. T. (2023). Changes in the lipid metabolism of the Longissimus thoracis muscle in bulls when using different feeding strategies during the growing and finishing phases. Metabolites, 13(10), 1042. doi: 10.3390/METABO13101042
Valadares, S. C., F., Saraiva, D. T., Benedeti, P. B., Silva, F. A. S., & Chizzotti, M. L. (2023). BR-CORTE: exigências nutricionais de zebuínos puros e cruzados. Suprema Gráfica Ltda. doi: 10.26626/978-85-8179-192-0.2023.B00
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Aline Marangon de Oliveira, Ana Paula de Oliveira Souza, Ana Maria Bridi, Adriana Lourenço de Soares, Edson Luis de Azambuja Ribeiro, Leandro das Dores Ferreira da Silva, Valter Harry Bumbieris Junior
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias adopts the CC-BY-NC license for its publications, the copyright being held by the author, in cases of republication we recommend that authors indicate first publication in this journal.
This license allows you to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, remix, transform and develop the material, as long as it is not for commercial purposes. And due credit must be given to the creator.
The opinions expressed by the authors of the articles are their sole responsibility.
The magazine reserves the right to make normative, orthographic and grammatical changes to the originals in order to maintain the cultured standard of the language and the credibility of the vehicle. However, it will respect the writing style of the authors. Changes, corrections or suggestions of a conceptual nature will be sent to the authors when necessary.
