Growing Coffea canephora in agroforestry systems with Brazilian firetree, Brazil nut, and teak

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p49

Keywords:

Amazon, Planting densities, Conilon, Schizolobium parahyba, Bertholletia excelsa, Tectona grandis.

Abstract

Planting coffee in agroforestry systems (AFSs) provides diverse advantages to farmers interested in producing environmental services, such as increased local biodiversity, reduction in soil erosion, improvement in water infiltration into the soil, and regulation of climate extremes. It can also be economically attractive due to the possibility of serving alternative markets that have higher and more stable prices for coffees integrated into alternative systems and the generation of products complementary to coffee. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different planting densities of three forest species on the composition of AFSs with coffee plants under the conditions of the southwestern Amazon region. The study was conducted from November 2014 to June 2021 in the experimental field of Embrapa in Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO, Brazil. The coffee plants were intercropped with three forest species: i) Brazilian firetree (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum), ii) Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), and iii) teak (Tectona grandis). The treatments used in each experiment were four plant densities of plants: zero (coffee plants only, in full sun), 111 plants ha−1 (10 × 9 m), 222 plants ha−1 (10 × 4.5 m), and 444 plants ha−1 (5 × 4.5 m). The experiments were conducted in a split-plot arrangement, with plots consisting of plant densities and subplots consisting of harvest periods (crop seasons). The experimental design was completely randomized, with nine replications. The part of the plot used for data collection consisted of one planted row with 12 coffee plants. The average and accumulated productivities of coffe plants were evaluated over five harvests (2017-2021). Afforestation of the coffee field with Brazilian firetree plants reduces the mean yield and cumulative yield of C. canephora ‘Conilon’ in the first five commercial crop years. Brazil nut and teak planted at densities of up to 222 trees per hectare did not lead to a reduction in the mean and cumulative yield of coffee plants.

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Author Biographies

Sirlene Brasil de Oliveira Bezerra, Universidade Federal de Rondônia

Student of the Master's Course of the Postgraduate Program in Conservation and Use of Natural Resources, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia, UNIR, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.

 

Larissa Fatarelli Bento de Araújo, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia

Profa. Dra., Postgraduate Program in Conservation and Use of Natural Resources, UNIR, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.

Rogerio Sebastião Correa da Costa, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

Researcher, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.

Victor Ferreira de Souza, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

Researcher, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.

Rodrigo Barros Rocha, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

Researcher, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, EMBRAPA, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.

Marcela Campanharo, Fundação Universidade Federal de Rondônia

Profa. Dra., Department of Biology, UNIR, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil.

Marcelo Curitiba Espindula, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária

Researcher, EMBRAPA, Vitória, ES, Brazil.

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2024-02-10

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Bezerra, S. B. de O., Araújo, L. F. B. de, Costa, R. S. C. da, Souza, V. F. de, Rocha, R. B., Campanharo, M., & Espindula, M. C. (2024). Growing Coffea canephora in agroforestry systems with Brazilian firetree, Brazil nut, and teak. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 45(1), 49–70. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2024v45n1p49

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