Combining ability and reciprocal effect on agronomical traits of bean

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the general combining ability of parents involved in crosses, and specific combining ability of hybrids, as well as reciprocal effect on six agronomic traits in common bean: cycle, plant height, first pod insertion, diameter stem, number of pods per plant and number of grains per pod. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, where were performe the diallel cross, interbreeding the six parents: Xan 159, Perola, BAF 63, IPR Uirapuru, BRS Supremo, BRS Valente, generating thirty six combinations. The F1 seeds with the parents were taken to the field in a completely randomized design with two repetitions of the thirty-six combinations obtained, totaling seventy-two plot and each plant was considered an observation unit, which is unequal number of plants in different hybrid combinations. The harvested plants were evaluated for six characters, and later performed the statistical analysis using Griffing's Method I. With respect to general combining ability to cultivate Perola is considered promising for the Santa Catarina's plateau. Based on the specific ability the best combinations were Xan 159 x BRS Supremo, Xan 159 x BRS Valente, Perola x BAF 63, BAF 63 x IPR Uirapuru and BAF 63 x BRS Valente. The values for the reciprocal effect was also significant indicating that there is the presence of effect of cytoplasmic and nuclear genes in the female parent traits, The genotype indicated as a good parent females and male based on the reciprocal effect is the access BAF 63, when are wish to increase EST and NLP. The line Xan 159 was promising when used as female parent to increase cycle, EST, IPL, DC, NLP and NGL. The cultivars BRS Valente and IPR Uirapuru are identified as male parents to provide an increase in the cycle, EST, IPL, DC, NLP and NGL.