Ordenha robotizada de vacas leiteiras: uma revisão

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2833

Palavras-chave:

Automação, Bovinocultura leiteira, Robô ordenhador, Zootecnia de precisão.

Resumo

Robôs ordenhadores são uma novidade razoavelmente recente no mundo. O primeiro foi instalado em 1992, pela empresa Lely, em um projeto experimental em seu país de origem, a Holanda. Entretanto, trata-se de uma realidade presente e cada vez maior, pois o problema da mão de obra, em diversos locais do mundo, cada vez mais cara, pouco capacitada e/ou difícil de manter na fazenda, é inexorável. Objetivou-se apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre a utilização da robótica na ordenha de vacas leiteiras, abordando o funcionamento técnico e operacional, bem como vantagens e limitações de sua utilização, visando auxiliar pecuaristas e técnicos na tomada de decisões em adotar, ou não, essa tecnologia. Apresentou-se, ainda, um breve histórico da evolução dos robôs ordenhadores, bem como algumas considerações finais. Constatou-se que os robôs, além de substituírem mão de obra, possuem o potencial de melhorarem a conversão alimentar para leite, a qualidade do leite (baixar CCS), aumentar a produtividade das vacas e proporcionar dados e parâmetros para uma gestão mais adequada dos números da atividade dentro da fazenda. Dentre as possíveis limitações estão o alto valor de investimento, alterações em sólidos do leite, presença de ácidos graxos livres no leite e aumento nos riscos de cetose nas vacas.

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Biografia do Autor

Luiz Marcos Simões Filho, Universidade Federal de Lavras

Discente de Mestrado, Universidade Federal de Lavras, UFLA, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. Lavras, MG, Brasil.

Marcos Aurelio Lopes, Universidade Federal de Lavras

Prof., Titular, UFLA, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária. Lavras, MG, Brasil.

Sergio Corrêa Brito, Grandes Projetos, DeLaval

Médico Veterinário, Gerente de Grandes Projetos, DeLaval, Jaguariúna, SP, Brasil.

Giuseppe Rossi, Università degli Studi di Firenze

Prof., Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.

Leonardo Conti, Università degli Studi di Firenze

Prof., Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.

Matteo Barbari, Università degli Studi di Firenze

Prof., Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.

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2020-09-19

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Simões Filho, L. M., Lopes, M. A., Brito, S. C., Rossi, G., Conti, L., & Barbari, M. (2020). Ordenha robotizada de vacas leiteiras: uma revisão. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(6), 2833–2850. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n6p2833

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