Sobre a longevidade da estereotipagem visual colonial e sua influência nos debates sociais e de identidade do século XXI.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1984-3356.2023v16n31p326-353Palavras-chave:
estereotipificação, pós-colonialismo, Branquitude, História Visual, História AfricanaResumo
Este artigo dialoga com os atuais debates sobre identidade social relacionados a determinados círculos pós-coloniais da África Austral, cujas origens europeias podem ser parcialmente rastreadas até a criação do gênero da fotografia colonial. A visualização contemporânea dos africanos não brancos no contexto europeu está ligada a um gênero que nasceu nos tempos do Alto Imperialismo. Como um fruto de sua época, a fotografia colonial lançou as bases para padrões de representação raciais e racistas de certos povos africanos e de seus supostos traços e aparência do ponto de vista do colonizador, criando assim padrões de ver. Até hoje, debates sociais e movimentos políticos estão atrelados à visualização dos povos não brancos. Este projeto é sobre o silenciamento histórico da África subsaariana por meio de imagens estereotipadas e suas ligações com a formação e manutenção de debates identitários pós-coloniais sobre tradições de visualização racializadas na Europa. Essa cegueira visual repetitiva é outra forma de agressão colonial ao perpetuar constantemente certas imagens e imaginários, facilitando, assim, as mentalidades coloniais. Os exemplos apresentados a seguir mostram o alcance dos estereótipos fotográficos coloniais, sem limitar o escopo das tradições de ver às fotografias. Em vez disso, são abarcadas outras áreas de espaços cotidianos visíveis, como nomes de ruas, monumentos, estátuas, processos judiciais e capas de livros.
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