Effect of bentonite on the health and dairy production of cows submitted to a diet naturally contaminated by mycotoxins
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3337Keywords:
Adsorbent, Aflatoxin, Cattle, Immunity, Milk.Abstract
Mycotoxins often contaminate cattle food, which can cause liver damage, immunosuppression, and reduced milk production. Although previous studies have shown the benefits of adsorbents in farm animals, knowledge regarding their mechanism of action is limited, especially when intoxication occurs due to naturally contaminated diets. The present study aimed to assess whether the daily oral administration of mycotoxin adsorbent bentonite clay based on aluminosilicate for 56 days, would attenuate these changes in 18 dairy cows, which were multiparous in the middle of the lactation stage, and were consuming a diet containing fumonisin B1 and B2, zearalenone, and desoxynivalenol. The animals were divided into treatment (TG, n = 9) and control (CG, n = 9) groups, and subjected to assessment of liver functions, hematological assessments, assessment of oxidative leucocyte metabolism by the tetrazolium nitroazul (NBT) technique, and physical chemical analysis of milk, every week for two months, totaling eight analyses. It was observed that the use of the adsorbent caused a reduction in the milk excretion of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), an increase in levels of serum protein (p = 0.03) and albumin (p = 0.0001), an increase in leukocyte oxidative metabolism from day 24 of treatment(p = 0.05), and increased milk production from the day 16 of treatment (p = 0.08). There was no improvement in the physicochemical indices of the milk. It was concluded that the use of an aluminosilicate-based adsorbent was able to attenuate the effects of mycotoxins on the function of leukocytes and increase milk production.Downloads
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References
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Dawson, K. A., Evans, J., & Kudupoj, E. M. (2006). Understanding the adsorption characteristics of yeast cell wall preparations associated with mycotoxin binding. Nutritional Biotechnology in The Feed and Food Industries, 22(1), 169-181. Retrieved from https: https://en.engormix.com/mycotoxins/ articles/ understanding-adsorption-characteristics-yeast-t33495.html
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Guo, X., Wen, F., Qiao, Q., Zheng, N., Saive, M., & Fauconnier, M. L., (2019). A novel graphene oxide-based aptasensor for amplified fluorescent detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk powder. Sensors, 19(18), 38-40. doi: 10.3390/s19183840
Intrução Normativa nº 88 de 26 de março de 2021, Ministério da Saúde/Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária/Diretoria Colegiada - Diário Oficial da União. Estabelece os limites máximos tolerados (LMT) de contaminantes em alimentos. Recuperado de https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/instrucao-normativa-in-n-88-de-26-de-marco-de-2021-311655598
Jovaisiene, J., Bakutis, B., Baliukoniene, V., & Gerulis, G., (2016) Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins effects on dairy cow health, performance and the efficacy of Anti-Mycotoxin Additive. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(1), 79-87. doi: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0011
Kaneko, J. J., Harvey, J., & Bruss, M. L. (2008). Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. San Diego: Elsevier.
Kellerman, T. S., Coetzer, J. A. W., Naudé, T. W., & Botha, C. J. (2005). Plant poisonings and Mycotoxicoses of livestock in southern Africa. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.
Kiyothong, K., Rowlinson, P., Wanapat, M., & Khampa, S. (2012). Effect of mycotoxin deactivator product supplementation on dairy cows. Animal Production Science, 52(9), 832-841. doi: 10.1071/AN11205
Kutz, R. E., Sampson, J. D., Pompeu, L. B., Ledoux, D. R., Spain, J. N., Vázquez-Añón, M., & Rottinghaus, G. E. (2009). Efficacy of Solis, NovasilPlus, and MTB-100 to reduce aflatoxin M1 levels in milk of early to mid-lactation dairy cows fed aflatoxin B1. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(8), 59-63. doi: 10.31 68/jds.2009-2031
Lopes, S. T. A., Biondo, A. W., & Santos, A. P. (2007). Veterinary clinical pathology. (Manual). Santa Maria: UFSM.
Migliorati, L., Abeni, F., Cattaneo, M. P., Tornielli, C., & Pirlo, G. (2007). Effects of adsorbents in dairy cow diet on milk quality and cheese-making properties. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6(1), 460-462. doi: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.460
Murphy, P. A., Hendrich, S., Landgren, C., & Bryant, C. M. (2006). Food mycotoxins: an update. Journal of Food Science, 71(5), 51-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006. 00052.x
Oswald, I. P., Marin, D. E., Bouhet, S., Pinton, P., Taranu, I., & Accensi, F. (2005). Immunotoxicological risk of mycotoxins for domestic animals. Food Additives Contaminantes, 22(4), 354-360. doi: 10.1080/ 02652030500058320
Pereira, M. M. G., Carvalho, E. P., Prado, G., Rosa, C. A. R., Veloso, T., Souza, L. A. F., & Ribeiro, J. M. M. (2005). Aflatoxins in cattle feed and milk samples from lavras region, Minas Gerais -Brazil. Science and Agrotechnology, 29(1), 106-112. doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542005000100013
Pourmahmoud, B., Pirmohammadi, R., & Khalilvandi Behroozyar, H. (2019). Effects of different toxin adsorbents on the amount of diazinon residue in white grape pomace and milk production and composition and toxin residues in mohabadi lactating goats. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 9(4), 677-685. Retrieved from: http://ijas.iaurasht.ac.ir/article_669378.html
Prandini, A., Tansini, G., Sigolo, S., Filippi, L., Laporta, M., & Piva, G. (2009). On the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(5), 984-991. doi: 10.1016/ j.fct.2007.10.005
Queiroz, O. C., Han, J. H., Staples, C. R., & Adesogan, A. T. (2012). Effect of adding a mycotoxin-sequestering agent on milk aflatoxin M₁ concentration and the performance and immune response of dairy cattle fed an aflatoxin B₁-contaminated diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(10), 5901-5908. doi: 10.3168/jds.2011-5287
Sabater-Vilar, M., Malekinejad, H., Selman, M. H. J., & Van der Doelen, M. A. M. (2007) In vitro assessment of adsorbents aiming to prevent deoxynivalenol and zearalenone mycotoxicoses. Mycopathologia, 163(2), 81. doi: 10.1007/s11046-007-0093-6
Sampaio, I. B. M. (2002). Estatística Aplicada à Experimentação Animal. Fundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. Belo Horizonte, MG: Embrapa Gado de Leite.
Schneider, A. F., Mayer, J. K., Volpato, J., & Gewehr, C. E. (2019). Seeric minerals, bone morphometric characteristics and bone mineral deposition of broilers fed a diet with bentonite inclusion. Brazilian Archive of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, 71(2), 594-602. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-9968
Stockham, S. L., & Scott, M. A. (2011). Fundamentals of veterinary clinical pathology (2nd ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Koogan Guanabara.
Thrall, M. A. (2007). Hematology and veterinary clinical biochemistry. São Paulo, SP: Roca.
Tizard, I. R. (2014). Innate immunity: neutrophils and phagocytosis. In T. Ian ( Ed,), Veterinary immunology (pp. 30-40). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Elsevier.
Tyska, D., Mallmann, A. O., Vidal, J. K., Almeida, C. A. A., Gressler, L. T., & Mallmann, C. A. (2021). Multivariate method for prediction of fumonisins B1 and B2 and zearalenone in Brazilian maize using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR). PLoS ONE, 16(1), e0244957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244957
Viotti, G.C.A. (2006) Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Argilas Organofílicas para uso em Alimentação Animal como Adsorvente Inativador de Micotoxinas: Aflatoxina B1 e Fumonisina B1. Tese de doutorado, Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil, Recuperado de https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/89509
Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Zheng, N., Guo, L., Song, X., Zhao, S., & Wang, J. (2019). Biological system responses of dairy cows to aflatoxin B1 exposure revealed with metabolomic changes in multiple biofluids. Toxins, 11(2), 77. doi: 10.3390/toxins11020077
Xiong, L., Wang, Y. M., Zhou, H. L., & Liu, J. X. (2018). Effects of dietary adsorbent on milk aflatoxin M1 content and the health of lactating dairy cows exposed to long-term aflatoxin B1 challenge. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(10), 8944-8953. doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-14645
Cano-Sancho, G., Marin, S., Ramos, A. J., Peris-Vicente, J., & Sanchis, V. (2010). Occurrence of aflatoxin M1 and exposure assessment in Catalonia (Spain). Revista Iberoamericana de Micología, 27(1), 130-135. doi: 10.1016/j.riam.2010.05.003
Choi, H. S., Kim, J. W., Cha, Y. N., & Kim, C. (2006). A quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium assay for determining intracellular superoxide anion production in phagocytic cells. Journal of Immunoassay and Immunochemistry, 27(1), 31-44. doi: 10.1080/15321810500403722
Custódio, L., Prados, L. F., Yiannikouris, J., Holder, V. B., Pettigrew, J. E, Kuritza, L. N.,… Siqueira, G. R. (2019). Mycotoxin contamination of diets for beef cattle finishing in feedlot. Brazilian Journal of Animal Science, 48(1), e20190079. doi: 10.1590/rbz4820190079
Custódio, L., Figueira, D. N., Gloria, E. M., Holder, V. B., Yiannikouris, A., Pettigrew, J. E.,… Siqueira, G. R. (2017). Survey of mycotoxin contamination in feedlot diets in Brazil. Journal of Animal Science, 95(4), 19-19. doi: 10.2527/asasann.2017.038
D’Angelo, A., Bellino, C., Alborali, G. L., Biancardi, A., Borrelli, A., Capucchio, M. T.,... Cagnasso, A. (2007). Neurological signs associated with aflatoxicosis in Piedmontese calves. Veterinary Record, 160(20), 698-700. doi: 10.1136/vr.160.20.698
Dadalt, A. L. L., & Primieri, C. (2020). Mycotoxin levels in corn silage in western Paraná. Brazilian Veterinary Medicine Archives, 3(1), 30-38. Retrieved from http://www.themaetscientia.fag.edu.br/ index.php/ABMVFAG/ article/view/1150
Dawson, K. A., Evans, J., & Kudupoj, E. M. (2006). Understanding the adsorption characteristics of yeast cell wall preparations associated with mycotoxin binding. Nutritional Biotechnology in The Feed and Food Industries, 22(1), 169-181. Retrieved from https: https://en.engormix.com/mycotoxins/ articles/ understanding-adsorption-characteristics-yeast-t33495.html
Flores, G. V. B., Thomaz, G. R., Horner, W. Netto, Rossi, S. P., Strickle, F., & Bertagnon, H. G. (2019). Effect of Enterococcus faecium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on immunological response, hematological parameters and weight gain of calves fed corn silage. Veterinary and Animal Science, 26(1), 1-11. doi: 10.35172/rvz. 2019.v26.353
Franciscato, C., Lopes, S. T. A., Santurio, J. M., Wolkmer, P., Maciel, R. M., Paula, M. T.,… Costa, M. M. (2006). Serum concentrations of minerals and liver and kidney functions of chickens intoxicated with aflatoxin and treated with sordic montmorillonite. Brazilian Agricultural Research, 41(11), 1573-1577. doi: 10.1590/S0100-204X2006001100001
Guo, X., Wen, F., Qiao, Q., Zheng, N., Saive, M., & Fauconnier, M. L., (2019). A novel graphene oxide-based aptasensor for amplified fluorescent detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk powder. Sensors, 19(18), 38-40. doi: 10.3390/s19183840
Intrução Normativa nº 88 de 26 de março de 2021, Ministério da Saúde/Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária/Diretoria Colegiada - Diário Oficial da União. Estabelece os limites máximos tolerados (LMT) de contaminantes em alimentos. Recuperado de https://www.in.gov.br/en/web/dou/-/instrucao-normativa-in-n-88-de-26-de-marco-de-2021-311655598
Jovaisiene, J., Bakutis, B., Baliukoniene, V., & Gerulis, G., (2016) Fusarium and Aspergillus mycotoxins effects on dairy cow health, performance and the efficacy of Anti-Mycotoxin Additive. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(1), 79-87. doi: 10.1515/pjvs-2016-0011
Kaneko, J. J., Harvey, J., & Bruss, M. L. (2008). Clinical biochemistry of domestic animals. San Diego: Elsevier.
Kellerman, T. S., Coetzer, J. A. W., Naudé, T. W., & Botha, C. J. (2005). Plant poisonings and Mycotoxicoses of livestock in southern Africa. Cape Town: Oxford University Press.
Kiyothong, K., Rowlinson, P., Wanapat, M., & Khampa, S. (2012). Effect of mycotoxin deactivator product supplementation on dairy cows. Animal Production Science, 52(9), 832-841. doi: 10.1071/AN11205
Kutz, R. E., Sampson, J. D., Pompeu, L. B., Ledoux, D. R., Spain, J. N., Vázquez-Añón, M., & Rottinghaus, G. E. (2009). Efficacy of Solis, NovasilPlus, and MTB-100 to reduce aflatoxin M1 levels in milk of early to mid-lactation dairy cows fed aflatoxin B1. Journal of Dairy Science, 92(8), 59-63. doi: 10.31 68/jds.2009-2031
Lopes, S. T. A., Biondo, A. W., & Santos, A. P. (2007). Veterinary clinical pathology. (Manual). Santa Maria: UFSM.
Migliorati, L., Abeni, F., Cattaneo, M. P., Tornielli, C., & Pirlo, G. (2007). Effects of adsorbents in dairy cow diet on milk quality and cheese-making properties. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6(1), 460-462. doi: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.460
Murphy, P. A., Hendrich, S., Landgren, C., & Bryant, C. M. (2006). Food mycotoxins: an update. Journal of Food Science, 71(5), 51-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006. 00052.x
Oswald, I. P., Marin, D. E., Bouhet, S., Pinton, P., Taranu, I., & Accensi, F. (2005). Immunotoxicological risk of mycotoxins for domestic animals. Food Additives Contaminantes, 22(4), 354-360. doi: 10.1080/ 02652030500058320
Pereira, M. M. G., Carvalho, E. P., Prado, G., Rosa, C. A. R., Veloso, T., Souza, L. A. F., & Ribeiro, J. M. M. (2005). Aflatoxins in cattle feed and milk samples from lavras region, Minas Gerais -Brazil. Science and Agrotechnology, 29(1), 106-112. doi: 10.1590/S1413-70542005000100013
Pourmahmoud, B., Pirmohammadi, R., & Khalilvandi Behroozyar, H. (2019). Effects of different toxin adsorbents on the amount of diazinon residue in white grape pomace and milk production and composition and toxin residues in mohabadi lactating goats. Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 9(4), 677-685. Retrieved from: http://ijas.iaurasht.ac.ir/article_669378.html
Prandini, A., Tansini, G., Sigolo, S., Filippi, L., Laporta, M., & Piva, G. (2009). On the occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(5), 984-991. doi: 10.1016/ j.fct.2007.10.005
Queiroz, O. C., Han, J. H., Staples, C. R., & Adesogan, A. T. (2012). Effect of adding a mycotoxin-sequestering agent on milk aflatoxin M₁ concentration and the performance and immune response of dairy cattle fed an aflatoxin B₁-contaminated diet. Journal of Dairy Science, 95(10), 5901-5908. doi: 10.3168/jds.2011-5287
Sabater-Vilar, M., Malekinejad, H., Selman, M. H. J., & Van der Doelen, M. A. M. (2007) In vitro assessment of adsorbents aiming to prevent deoxynivalenol and zearalenone mycotoxicoses. Mycopathologia, 163(2), 81. doi: 10.1007/s11046-007-0093-6
Sampaio, I. B. M. (2002). Estatística Aplicada à Experimentação Animal. Fundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. Belo Horizonte, MG: Embrapa Gado de Leite.
Schneider, A. F., Mayer, J. K., Volpato, J., & Gewehr, C. E. (2019). Seeric minerals, bone morphometric characteristics and bone mineral deposition of broilers fed a diet with bentonite inclusion. Brazilian Archive of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, 71(2), 594-602. doi: 10.1590/1678-4162-9968
Stockham, S. L., & Scott, M. A. (2011). Fundamentals of veterinary clinical pathology (2nd ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Koogan Guanabara.
Thrall, M. A. (2007). Hematology and veterinary clinical biochemistry. São Paulo, SP: Roca.
Tizard, I. R. (2014). Innate immunity: neutrophils and phagocytosis. In T. Ian ( Ed,), Veterinary immunology (pp. 30-40). Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Elsevier.
Tyska, D., Mallmann, A. O., Vidal, J. K., Almeida, C. A. A., Gressler, L. T., & Mallmann, C. A. (2021). Multivariate method for prediction of fumonisins B1 and B2 and zearalenone in Brazilian maize using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR). PLoS ONE, 16(1), e0244957. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244957
Viotti, G.C.A. (2006) Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Argilas Organofílicas para uso em Alimentação Animal como Adsorvente Inativador de Micotoxinas: Aflatoxina B1 e Fumonisina B1. Tese de doutorado, Programa de Pós-Graduação da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina-UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brasil, Recuperado de https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/89509
Wang, Q., Zhang, Y., Zheng, N., Guo, L., Song, X., Zhao, S., & Wang, J. (2019). Biological system responses of dairy cows to aflatoxin B1 exposure revealed with metabolomic changes in multiple biofluids. Toxins, 11(2), 77. doi: 10.3390/toxins11020077
Xiong, L., Wang, Y. M., Zhou, H. L., & Liu, J. X. (2018). Effects of dietary adsorbent on milk aflatoxin M1 content and the health of lactating dairy cows exposed to long-term aflatoxin B1 challenge. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(10), 8944-8953. doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-14645
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2021-08-12
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Oliveira, M. S., Di Domenico, D., Thomaz, G. R., Garbossa, G., Depaoli, C. R., Abreu, A. C. A., & Bertagnon, H. G. (2021). Effect of bentonite on the health and dairy production of cows submitted to a diet naturally contaminated by mycotoxins. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 42(6), 3337–3354. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3337
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