Intake, performance, carcass traits and meat quality of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n5p1639Keywords:
Biome, CCI, Roughage, Supply, Small Ruminant.Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake, performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga rangeland supplemented with two hays: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) or mororó (Bauhinia cheilanta), with or without the association of spineless cactus (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), and a treatment without supplementation (control). Thirty male goats (castrated), of no defined breed, with an initial mean body weight of 19 ± 0.35 kg and approximately 90 days of age were used. The experimental design was completely randomized, using initial body weight as a covariate, in a factorial design (2 x 2) + 1, with five treatments and six replicates. The highest intake of supplement, total dry matter (DM), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) intakes occurred in the animals supplemented with jitirana or mororó hays associated with spineless cactus, and higher crude protein (CP) intake accounted for goats supplemented with mororó hay and spineless cactus. Higher intakes of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were observed in the animals fed with jitirana hay. There were no dietary influences in pasture DM intake, performance, cut weights, and carcass characteristics. As for the quality of the meat, there was an influence of the treatments only on the parameter b* (yellowness). Feeding supplementation with jitirana and mororó hays, and spineless cactus did not improve performance and carcass characteristics, and did not negatively influence the quality of goat meat raised on pasture in the Caatinga region.Downloads
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References
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Silva, D. C., Guim, A., Santos, G. R. A., Maciel, M. I. S., & Soares, L. F. P. (2015). Levels of feed supplementation on the qualitative aspects of meat from crossbred goats finished on caatinga. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 46(4), 855-864. doi: 10.5935/1806-6690.20150074
Silva, D. C., Guim, A., Santos, G. R. A., Souza, E. J. O., Urbano, S. A., Mesquita, F. L. T., & Lafayette, E. A. (2016). Intake and digestibility of crossbred goats finished on caatinga grassland receiving feed supplementation during dry season. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 17(3), 484-496. doi: 10.1590/S1519-99402016000300014
Silva, M. J. S., Silva, D. K. A., Magalhães, A. L. R., Pereira, K. P., Silva, E. C. L., Cordeiro, F. S. B.,... Santos, K. C. (2017). Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 18(3), 402-416. doi: 10.1590/s1519-99402017000300001
Siqueira, M. C. B., Ferreira, M. A., Monnerat, J. P. I. S., Silva, J. L., Costa, C. T. F., Conceição, M. G.,… Melo, T. T. B. (2017). Optimizing the use of spineless cactus in the diets of cattle: total and partial digestibility, fiber dynamics and ruminal parameters. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 226(3), 56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.12.006
Sniffen, C. J., O’Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G., & Russell, J. B. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science, 70(11), 3562–3577. doi: 10.2527/1992.70113562x
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583-3597. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. New York: Cornell University Press.
Vitti, D. M. S. S., Abdalla, A. L., Bueno, I. C. S., Silva, J. C., Fº., Costa, C., Bueno, M. S.,... Mueller-Harvey, I. (2005). Do all tannins have similar nutritional effects? A comparison of three Brazilian fodder legumes. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 119(3-4), 345-361. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.06.004
Wheeler, T. T., Cundiff, L. V., & Koch, R. M. (1993). Effects of marbling degree on palatability and caloric content of beef. Beef Research - Progress Report, Nebraska, 71(4), 133-134. Retrieved from http://digital commons.unl.edu/hruskareports.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (1997). Official Methods of Analysis (16nd ed.). Gaithersburg, MD: AOAC.
Bezerra, S. B. L., Véras, A. S. C., Silva, D. K. A., Ferreira, M. A., Pereira, K. P., Santos, G. R. A.,... Almeida, O. C. (2012). Morphometry and carcass characteristics of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 41(1), 131-137. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982012000100020
Brand, T. S., Van der Merwe, D. A., Swart, E., & Hoffman, L. C. (2019). The effect of finishing period and dietary energy content on the carcass characteristics of Boer goats. Small Ruminant Research, 174(5), 110-117. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.03.012
Cezar, M. F., & Sousa, W. H. (2007). Carcaças ovinas e caprinas: obtenção, avaliação e classificação. Uberaba: Editora Agropecuária Tropical.
Gomide, L. A. M., Ramos, E. M., & Fontes, P. R. (2013). Ciência e qualidade da carne: fundamentos. Viçosa, MG: Editora UFV.
Gusha, A, J., Halimani, T. E., Katsande, S., & Zvinorova, P. I. (2015). The effect of Opuntia ficus indica and forage legumes based diets on goat productivity in smallholder sector in Zimbabwe. Small Ruminant Research, 125(4), 21-25. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2015.02.018
Hall, M. B., Hoover, W. H., Jennings, J. P., & Webster, T. K. M. (1999). A method for partitioning neutral detergent soluble carbohydrates. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 79(15), 2079-2086. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0010(199912)79:15<2079::AID-JSFA502>3.0.CO;2-Z
Instrução Normativa n. 3; de 17 de Janeiro de 2000. Regulamento técnico de métodos de insensibilização para o abate humanitário de animais de açougue. Diário Oficial da União, Brasília, 24 jan. 2000, Seção I. p. 14-16. Retrieved from https://www.agricultura.gov.br/assuntos/sustentabilidade/bem-estar-animal/ arquivos/arquivos-legisla cao/in-03-de-2000.pdf
Lacerda, M. A., Silva, R. A., Linhares, P. C. F., Maracajá, P. B., & Pinto, M. S. C. (2015). Potencial forrageiro da jitirana (Merremia Aegyptia) para a produção de feno no semiárido nordestino. Revista Agropecuária Cientifica no Semiárido, 11(1), 44-52. doi: 10.30969/acsa.v11i1.609
Martínez-Cerezo, S., Sañudo, C., Panea, B., & Olleta, J. L. (2005). Breed, slaughter weight and ageing time effects on consumer appraisal of three muscles of lamb. Meat Science, 69(4), 795-805. doi: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2004.11.013
Monte, A. L., Selaive-Villarroel, A. B., Garruti, D. S., Zapata, J. F. F., & Borges, A. S. (2007). Parâmetros físicos e sensoriais de qualidade da carne de cabritos mestiços de diferentes grupos genéticos. Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 27(2), 233-238. doi: 10.1590/S0101-20612007000200004
National Research Council (2007). Nutrient requeriments of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids and New World camelids. Washington: National Academies Press.
Osório, J. C. S., Osório, M. T. M., & Sañudo, C. (2009). Características sensoriais da carne ovina. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 38(12), 292-300. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982009001300029
Osório, J. C. S., Osório. M. T. M., Oliveira, N. M., & Siewerdt, L. (2002). Qualidade, morfologia e avaliação de carcaças. Pelotas: Universidade Federal de Pelotas.
Pereira, J. M., Fº., Silva, A. M. A., & Cézar, M. F. (2013). Manejo da Caatinga para produção de caprinos e ovinos. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 14(1), 77-90. doi: 10.1590/S1519-99402013000100010
Pinto, J. S., Fº., Cunha, M. V., Souza, E. J. O., Santos, M. V. F., Lira, M. A., Moura, J. G.,... Silva, C. S. (2019). Performance, carcass features, and non-carcass components of sheep grazed on Caatinga rangeland managed with different forage allowances. Small Ruminant Research, 174(5), 103-109. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2019.03.010
Ricardo, H. A., Fernandes, A. R. M., Mendes, L. C. N., Oliveira, M. A. G., Protes, V. M., Scatena, E. M.,... Alves, L. G. C. (2015). Carcass traits and meat quality differences between a traditional and an intensive production model of market lambs in Brazil: Preliminary investigation. Small Ruminant Research, 130(9), 141-145. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2 015.07.007
Saliba, E. O. S., Faria, E. P., Rodriguez, N. M., Moreira, G. R., Sampaio, I. B. M., Saliba, J. S.,... Borges, A. L. C. (2015). Use of Infrared Spectroscopy to Estimate Fecal Output with Marker Lipe®. International Journal of Food Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, 4(9), 1-10. doi: 10.19070/2326-3350-SI04001
Santos, K. C., Magalhães, A. L. R., Silva, D. K. A., Araújo, G. G. L., Fagundes, G. M., Ybarra, N. G., & Abdalla, A. L. (2017). Nutritional potential of forage species found in Brazilian Semiarid region. Livestock Science, 195(1), 118-124. doi: 10.1016/j.livsci.2016.12.002
Statistical Analysis System Institute (2003). User’s guide. Version 9.1. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc.
Silva, D. C., Guim, A., Santos, G. R. A., Maciel, M. I. S., & Soares, L. F. P. (2015). Levels of feed supplementation on the qualitative aspects of meat from crossbred goats finished on caatinga. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 46(4), 855-864. doi: 10.5935/1806-6690.20150074
Silva, D. C., Guim, A., Santos, G. R. A., Souza, E. J. O., Urbano, S. A., Mesquita, F. L. T., & Lafayette, E. A. (2016). Intake and digestibility of crossbred goats finished on caatinga grassland receiving feed supplementation during dry season. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 17(3), 484-496. doi: 10.1590/S1519-99402016000300014
Silva, M. J. S., Silva, D. K. A., Magalhães, A. L. R., Pereira, K. P., Silva, E. C. L., Cordeiro, F. S. B.,... Santos, K. C. (2017). Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga. Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 18(3), 402-416. doi: 10.1590/s1519-99402017000300001
Siqueira, M. C. B., Ferreira, M. A., Monnerat, J. P. I. S., Silva, J. L., Costa, C. T. F., Conceição, M. G.,… Melo, T. T. B. (2017). Optimizing the use of spineless cactus in the diets of cattle: total and partial digestibility, fiber dynamics and ruminal parameters. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 226(3), 56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.12.006
Sniffen, C. J., O’Connor, J. D., Van Soest, P. J., Fox, D. G., & Russell, J. B. (1992). A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets: II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. Journal of Animal Science, 70(11), 3562–3577. doi: 10.2527/1992.70113562x
Van Soest, P. J., Robertson, J. B., & Lewis, B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74(10), 3583-3597. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2
Van Soest, P. J. (1994). Nutritional ecology of the ruminant. New York: Cornell University Press.
Vitti, D. M. S. S., Abdalla, A. L., Bueno, I. C. S., Silva, J. C., Fº., Costa, C., Bueno, M. S.,... Mueller-Harvey, I. (2005). Do all tannins have similar nutritional effects? A comparison of three Brazilian fodder legumes. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 119(3-4), 345-361. doi: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2004.06.004
Wheeler, T. T., Cundiff, L. V., & Koch, R. M. (1993). Effects of marbling degree on palatability and caloric content of beef. Beef Research - Progress Report, Nebraska, 71(4), 133-134. Retrieved from http://digital commons.unl.edu/hruskareports.
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2020-06-17
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Silva, D. K. de A., Cordeiro, F. S. B., Silva, Érica C. L. da, Cardoso, D. B., Magalhães, A. L. R., Melo, A. A. S. de, … Silva, E. T. dos S. (2020). Intake, performance, carcass traits and meat quality of goats grazing in the Caatinga rangeland. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 41(5), 1639–1652. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n5p1639
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