Compatibility between entomopathogenic nematodes and crop protection products used in maize seed treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2487Keywords:
Biological control, Cornstalk borer, Heterorhabditis, Integrated pest management, Seed treatment.Abstract
Chemical insecticides are widely used to control soil pests but not always effective. Entomopathogenic nematodes (NEPs) are found in the soil and depend on host insects to complete their life cycle, and therefore have the potential to control soil pests. Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible joint use of these control methods by assessing the compatibility of two nematodes (Heterorhabditis amazonensis GL and Heterorhabditis amazonensis MC01) with five crop protection products used for maize seed treatment (Maxim®, Cruiser 350 FS®, Fortenza 600 FS®, Avicta 500 FS®, and Amulet®), as well as one neem-based product (NeenMax®). The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates, six treatments, and one control, in which only distilled water was added to nematode suspension. Each replicate consisted of a test tube containing 1 mL suspension with 2,000 infective juveniles (IJs) and 1 mL of diluted product, following the manufacturer's recommendation. The evaluated parameters were viability, infectivity on Tenebrio molitor larvae and IJs production after exposure to products. Both nematodes were compatible with NeenMax® and Fortenza 600 FS® since they did not differ from the control and were classified as innocuous. Cruiser 350 FS ® was also compatible with the nematodes since the effect value of the product was lower than 30%. Amulet® was classified as slightly noxious, reducing H. amazonensis MC01 and H. amazonensis GL infectivity by 17.5% and 28.5%, and production by 18.2% and 22.3%, respectively. Despite not having reduced viability, Avicta 500 FS® and Maxim® were considered harmful. This is because Avicta 500 FS® and Maxim® reduced productivity by 70.0% and 72.5% and production by 66.1% and 65.4% for H. amazonensis MC01, respectively. For H. amazonensis MC01, both Avicta 500 FS® and Maxim® reduced infectivity by 76.19%, and production by 63.7% and 62.3%, respectively.References
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ANDALÓ, V.; MOINO JUNIOR, A.; SANTA-CECÍLIA, L. V. C. Compatibilidade de nematoides entomopatogênicos com produtos fitossanitários utilizados na cultura do cafeeiro. Nematologia Brasileira, Campinas, v. 28, n. 1, p. 149-158, 2004.
ANDALÓ, V.; MOREIRA, G. F.; MAXIMINIANO, C.; MOINO JUNIOR, A.; CAMPOS, V. P. Influence of herbicides on lipid reserves, mortality and infectivity of Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). Nematologia Mediterranea, Florida, v. 37, n. 1, p. 11-15, 2009.
ANDALÓ, V.; SANTOS, V.; MOREIRA, G. F.; MOREIRA, C. C.; MOINO JUNIOR, A. Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes under laboratory and greenhouses conditions for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 40, n. 9, p. 1860-1866, 2010. DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782010005000151
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DALVI, L. P.; ANDRADE, G. S.; PRATISSOLI, D.; POLANCZYK, R. A.; MELO, R. L. Compatibility of biological agents to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Agrarian, Grande Dourados, v. 4, n. 12, p. 79-83, 2011.
FEASTER, M. A.; STEINKRAUS, D. C. Inundative biological control of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema riobravis (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Biological Control, Amsterdã, v. 7, n. 1, p. 38-46, 1996. DOI: 10.1006/bcon.1996.0061
FOELKEL, E.; MONTEIRO, L. B.; VOSS, M. Virulence of nematodes against larvae of the south-American fruit fly in laboratory using soil from Porto Amazonas, Paraná, Brazil, as substrate. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 46, n. 3, p. 405-410, 2016. DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20150370
GIOMETTI, F. H. C.; LEITE, L. G.; TAVARES, F. M.; SCHMIT, F. S.; BATISTA FILHO, F.; DELL`ACQUA, R. Virulência de nematoides entomopatogênicos (Nematoda: Rhabditida) a Sphenophorus levis (Coleoptera). Bragantia, Campinas, v. 70, n. 1, p. 81-86, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S0006-87052011000100013
KAYA, H. K.; BEDDING, R. A.; AKHURST, R. J. An overview of insect-parasitic and entomopatogenic nematodes. In: BEDDING, R. A.; AKHURST, R. J.; KAYA, H. K. Nematodes and the biological control of insect pests. East Melbourn: CSIRO Publications, 1993. p. 1-10.
KOPPENHÖFER, A. M.; COWLES, R. S.; COWLES, E. A.; FUZY, E. M.; KAYA, H. K. Effect of neonicotinoid synergists on entomopathogenic nematode fitness. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Wageningen, v. 106, n. 1, p. 7-18, 2003. DOI: 10.1046/j.1570-7458.2003.00008.x
KOPPENHÖFER, A. M.; KAYA, H. K. Synergism of imidacloprid and an entomopathogenic nematode: a novel approach to grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) control in turfgrass. Journal of Economic Entomology, Oxford, v. 91, n. 3, p. 618-633, 1998. DOI: 10.1093/jee/91.3.618
LAWRENCE, J. L.; HOY, C. W.; GREWAL, P. S. Spatial and temporal distribution of endemic entomopathogenic nematodes in a heterogeneous vegetable production landscape. Biological Control, Amsterdã, v. 37, n. 3, p. 247-255, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.02.002
MAHMOUD, F. Combining the botanical insecticides NSK extract, neemazal t 5%, neemix 4.5% and the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae cross N 33 to control the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders). Plant Protection Science, Praga, v. 43, n. 1, p. 19-25, 2007.
MANACHINI, B.; SCHILLACI, D.; ARIZZA, V. Biological responses of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Oxford, v. 4, n. 106, p. 1582-1589, 2013. DOI: 10.1603/EC13031
MOLINA, J. P.; LÓPEZ, N. J. C. Producción in vivo de tres entomonematodos con dos sistemas de infección en dos hospedantes. Revista Colombiana de Entomología, Bogotá, v. 27, n. 2, p. 73-78, 2001.
NGUYEN, K. B.; HUNT, D. J. Entomopathogenic nematodes: systematics, phylogeny and bacterial symbionts. Nematology monographs and perspectives. Boston: CAB, 2007. 816 p.
PAVÃO, A. R.; FERREIRA FILHO, J. B. de S. Impactos econômicos da introdução do milho Bt11 no Brasil: uma abordagem de equilíbrio geral inter-regional. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, Brasília, v. 49, n. 1, p. 81-108, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S0103-20032011000100004
PETERS, A.; POULLOT, D. Side effects of surfactants and pesticides on entomopathogenic nematodes assessed using advanced IOBC guidelines. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, Ponte de Lima, v. 27, n. 6, p. 67-72, 2004.
POTRICH, T. D.; LORINI, I.; VOSS, M.; STEFFENS, M. C. S.; PAVANI, D. P. Metodologia de criação de Tenebrio molitor em laboratório para obtenção de larvas. Passo Fundo: EMBRAPA Trigo, 2007. 35 p. (Documentos online, 82).
SABINO, P. H. S.; MOINO JUNIOR, A.; ANDALÓ, V. Effects of some insecticides on the neutral lipid percentage, survival and infectivity of Steinernema carpocapsae ALL and Heterorhabditis amazonensis JPM 4. Nematoda, Campos dos Goytacazes, v. 1, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2014. DOI: 10.4322/nematoda.02014.
TAVARES, F. M.; BATISTA FILHO, A.; LEITE, L. G.; ALMEIDA, L. C.; GOULART, T. M. Efeito sinérgico de combinações entre nematoides entomopatogênicos (Nemata: Rhabditida) e inseticidas químicos na mortalidade de Sphenophorus levis (Vaurie) (Coleoptera: Curculinidae). BioAssay, Piracicaba, v. 4, n. 7, p. 1-10, 2009. DOI: 10.14295/BA.v4.0.31
UNITED STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE - USDA. National Agriculture Statistics Service. Corn for grain yield: Charts maps. United States: USDA, 2019. Available at: https://www.nass.usda.gov/ Charts_and_Maps/Field_Crops/index.php. Access at: 10 jan. 2019.
VAINIO, A. Guideline for laboratory testing of the side-effects of pesticides on entomophagous nematodes Steinernema spp. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, v. 15, n. 3, p. 145-147, 1992.
VIANA, P. A. Lagarta-elasmo. In: SALVADORI, J. R.; ÁVILA, C. J.; SILVA, M. T. B. da. (Ed.). Pragas de solo no Brasil. Passo Fundo: EMBRAPA Trigo; Dourados: EMBRAPA Agropecuária Oeste; Cruz Alta: Fundacep Fecotrigo, 2004. p. 379-408.
VIANA, P. A.; MENDES, S. M. Lagarta-elasmo: importância econômica e danos. In: VIANA, P. A. Principais pragas subterrâneas do milho no Brasil. Sete Lagoas: EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, 2011. p. 9-20. 63 p.
ZORZETTI, J.; RICIETTO, A. P. S.; FAZION, F. A. P.; MENEGUIM, A. M.; NEVES, P. M. O. J.; VILAS-BÔAS, G. T. Isolation and characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains active against Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller, 1848) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, Maringá, v. 39, n. 4, p. 417-425, 2017. DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v39i4.32707
ABDEL-RASEK, A. S.; GOWEN, S. The integrated effect to the nematode-bacteria complex and neem plant extracts against Plutella xylostella (L.) larvae (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) on chinese cabbage. Archive Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Abingdon, v. 35, n. 3, p. 181-188, 2002. DOI: 10.1080/03235400215658
AGROFIT. Sistemas de agrotóxicos fitossanitários. Brasil: Ministério da Agricultura, 2018. Disponível em: http://extranet.agricultura.gov.br/agrofit_cons/principal_agrofit_cons. Acesso em: 20 out. 2018.
ALL, J. H.; GARDNER, W. A.; SUBER, E. F.; ROGERS, B. Lesser cornstalk borer as a pest of corn and sorghum. In: TIPPINS, H. H. (Ed.). A review of information on the lesser cornstalk borer Elasmopalpus lignosellus. Athens: University of Georgia, Special Publication, 1982. p. 33-46.
ALUMAI, A.; GREWAL, P. S. Tank-mix compatibility of the entomopathogenic nematodes, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema carpocapsae, with selected chemical pesticides used in turfgrass. Biocontrol Science and Technology, Abingdon, v. 14, n. 7, p. 725-730, 2004. DOI: 10.1080/09583150410001724334
ANDALÓ, V.; MOINO JUNIOR, A.; SANTA-CECÍLIA, L. V. C. Compatibilidade de nematoides entomopatogênicos com produtos fitossanitários utilizados na cultura do cafeeiro. Nematologia Brasileira, Campinas, v. 28, n. 1, p. 149-158, 2004.
ANDALÓ, V.; MOREIRA, G. F.; MAXIMINIANO, C.; MOINO JUNIOR, A.; CAMPOS, V. P. Influence of herbicides on lipid reserves, mortality and infectivity of Heterorhabditis amazonensis (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae). Nematologia Mediterranea, Florida, v. 37, n. 1, p. 11-15, 2009.
ANDALÓ, V.; SANTOS, V.; MOREIRA, G. F.; MOREIRA, C. C.; MOINO JUNIOR, A. Evaluation of entomopathogenic nematodes under laboratory and greenhouses conditions for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 40, n. 9, p. 1860-1866, 2010. DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782010005000151
CHEN, S. Y.; DICKSON, D. W. A technique for determining live second-stage juveniles of Heterodera glycines. Journal of Nematology, Florida, v. 32, n. 1, p. 117-121, 2000.
COMPANHIA NACIONAL DE ABASTECIMENTO - CONAB. Safras: séries históricas: séries históricas de área plantada, produtividade e produção, relativas às safras 1976/77 a 2015/16 de grãos, 2001 a 2016 de café, 2005/06 a 2016/17 de cana-de-açúcar. Brasília: Ministério da Agricultura, 2018. Disponível em: http://www.conab.gov.br/info-agro/safras/serie-historica-das-safras?start=20. Acesso em: 10 jan. 2019.
DALVI, L. P.; ANDRADE, G. S.; PRATISSOLI, D.; POLANCZYK, R. A.; MELO, R. L. Compatibility of biological agents to control Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Agrarian, Grande Dourados, v. 4, n. 12, p. 79-83, 2011.
FEASTER, M. A.; STEINKRAUS, D. C. Inundative biological control of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) with the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema riobravis (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae). Biological Control, Amsterdã, v. 7, n. 1, p. 38-46, 1996. DOI: 10.1006/bcon.1996.0061
FOELKEL, E.; MONTEIRO, L. B.; VOSS, M. Virulence of nematodes against larvae of the south-American fruit fly in laboratory using soil from Porto Amazonas, Paraná, Brazil, as substrate. Ciência Rural, Santa Maria, v. 46, n. 3, p. 405-410, 2016. DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20150370
GIOMETTI, F. H. C.; LEITE, L. G.; TAVARES, F. M.; SCHMIT, F. S.; BATISTA FILHO, F.; DELL`ACQUA, R. Virulência de nematoides entomopatogênicos (Nematoda: Rhabditida) a Sphenophorus levis (Coleoptera). Bragantia, Campinas, v. 70, n. 1, p. 81-86, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S0006-87052011000100013
KAYA, H. K.; BEDDING, R. A.; AKHURST, R. J. An overview of insect-parasitic and entomopatogenic nematodes. In: BEDDING, R. A.; AKHURST, R. J.; KAYA, H. K. Nematodes and the biological control of insect pests. East Melbourn: CSIRO Publications, 1993. p. 1-10.
KOPPENHÖFER, A. M.; COWLES, R. S.; COWLES, E. A.; FUZY, E. M.; KAYA, H. K. Effect of neonicotinoid synergists on entomopathogenic nematode fitness. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, Wageningen, v. 106, n. 1, p. 7-18, 2003. DOI: 10.1046/j.1570-7458.2003.00008.x
KOPPENHÖFER, A. M.; KAYA, H. K. Synergism of imidacloprid and an entomopathogenic nematode: a novel approach to grub (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) control in turfgrass. Journal of Economic Entomology, Oxford, v. 91, n. 3, p. 618-633, 1998. DOI: 10.1093/jee/91.3.618
LAWRENCE, J. L.; HOY, C. W.; GREWAL, P. S. Spatial and temporal distribution of endemic entomopathogenic nematodes in a heterogeneous vegetable production landscape. Biological Control, Amsterdã, v. 37, n. 3, p. 247-255, 2006. DOI: 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2006.02.002
MAHMOUD, F. Combining the botanical insecticides NSK extract, neemazal t 5%, neemix 4.5% and the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae cross N 33 to control the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders). Plant Protection Science, Praga, v. 43, n. 1, p. 19-25, 2007.
MANACHINI, B.; SCHILLACI, D.; ARIZZA, V. Biological responses of Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to Steinernema carpocapsae (Nematoda: Steinernematidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Oxford, v. 4, n. 106, p. 1582-1589, 2013. DOI: 10.1603/EC13031
MOLINA, J. P.; LÓPEZ, N. J. C. Producción in vivo de tres entomonematodos con dos sistemas de infección en dos hospedantes. Revista Colombiana de Entomología, Bogotá, v. 27, n. 2, p. 73-78, 2001.
NGUYEN, K. B.; HUNT, D. J. Entomopathogenic nematodes: systematics, phylogeny and bacterial symbionts. Nematology monographs and perspectives. Boston: CAB, 2007. 816 p.
PAVÃO, A. R.; FERREIRA FILHO, J. B. de S. Impactos econômicos da introdução do milho Bt11 no Brasil: uma abordagem de equilíbrio geral inter-regional. Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural, Brasília, v. 49, n. 1, p. 81-108, 2011. DOI: 10.1590/S0103-20032011000100004
PETERS, A.; POULLOT, D. Side effects of surfactants and pesticides on entomopathogenic nematodes assessed using advanced IOBC guidelines. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, Ponte de Lima, v. 27, n. 6, p. 67-72, 2004.
POTRICH, T. D.; LORINI, I.; VOSS, M.; STEFFENS, M. C. S.; PAVANI, D. P. Metodologia de criação de Tenebrio molitor em laboratório para obtenção de larvas. Passo Fundo: EMBRAPA Trigo, 2007. 35 p. (Documentos online, 82).
SABINO, P. H. S.; MOINO JUNIOR, A.; ANDALÓ, V. Effects of some insecticides on the neutral lipid percentage, survival and infectivity of Steinernema carpocapsae ALL and Heterorhabditis amazonensis JPM 4. Nematoda, Campos dos Goytacazes, v. 1, n. 1, p. 1-7, 2014. DOI: 10.4322/nematoda.02014.
TAVARES, F. M.; BATISTA FILHO, A.; LEITE, L. G.; ALMEIDA, L. C.; GOULART, T. M. Efeito sinérgico de combinações entre nematoides entomopatogênicos (Nemata: Rhabditida) e inseticidas químicos na mortalidade de Sphenophorus levis (Vaurie) (Coleoptera: Curculinidae). BioAssay, Piracicaba, v. 4, n. 7, p. 1-10, 2009. DOI: 10.14295/BA.v4.0.31
UNITED STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE - USDA. National Agriculture Statistics Service. Corn for grain yield: Charts maps. United States: USDA, 2019. Available at: https://www.nass.usda.gov/ Charts_and_Maps/Field_Crops/index.php. Access at: 10 jan. 2019.
VAINIO, A. Guideline for laboratory testing of the side-effects of pesticides on entomophagous nematodes Steinernema spp. IOBC/WPRS Bulletin, v. 15, n. 3, p. 145-147, 1992.
VIANA, P. A. Lagarta-elasmo. In: SALVADORI, J. R.; ÁVILA, C. J.; SILVA, M. T. B. da. (Ed.). Pragas de solo no Brasil. Passo Fundo: EMBRAPA Trigo; Dourados: EMBRAPA Agropecuária Oeste; Cruz Alta: Fundacep Fecotrigo, 2004. p. 379-408.
VIANA, P. A.; MENDES, S. M. Lagarta-elasmo: importância econômica e danos. In: VIANA, P. A. Principais pragas subterrâneas do milho no Brasil. Sete Lagoas: EMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, 2011. p. 9-20. 63 p.
ZORZETTI, J.; RICIETTO, A. P. S.; FAZION, F. A. P.; MENEGUIM, A. M.; NEVES, P. M. O. J.; VILAS-BÔAS, G. T. Isolation and characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains active against Elasmopalpus lignosellus (Zeller, 1848) (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae). Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy, Maringá, v. 39, n. 4, p. 417-425, 2017. DOI: 10.4025/actasciagron.v39i4.32707
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2019-08-29
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Magnabosco, M. E. B., Andaló, V., & Faria, L. S. de. (2019). Compatibility between entomopathogenic nematodes and crop protection products used in maize seed treatment. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(6), 2487–2496. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6p2487
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