Sedation effect of midazolam, ketamine, and butorphanol on spectral Doppler ultrasound values in femoral and large abdominal arteries in cats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6Supl3p3493Palavras-chave:
Celiac artery, Cranial mesenteric artery, Renal artery. External iliac artery, Resistive index, Pulsatility index.Resumo
Real time information about direction and type of blood flow can be obtained with Doppler ultrasound. In the literature it was not found data obtained with this method from celiac and cranial mesenteric artery in cats. Moreover, sedation of the animal is occasionally necessary to obtain more information on any blood vessel using this method. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quantitative aspects of spectral waves formed from blood flow of the celiac, cranial mesenteric, renal, external iliac, femoral, and aortic arteries in healthy cats, and to compare them with the same animals when subjected to midazolam, ketamine, and butorphanol sedation. We also measured the heart rate. Twenty healthy adult cats were evaluated. The values obtained for resistivity index and pulsatility index from the celiac artery were 0.62 ± 0.10 and 1.29 ± 0.55, and those from the mesenteric artery were 0.68 ± 0.09 and 1.37 ± 0.39, respectively. Although heart rate was higher in sedated animals, no significant statistical difference was found in case of other parameters, except celiac artery end diastolic velocity and time averaged mean velocity and iliac artery resistivity and pulsatility index. Thus, we provide the Doppler velocimetry parameter from celiac and mesenteric arteries and conclude that this protocol does not alter the values of Doppler ultrasound in the selected vessels, except the celiac and iliac arteries.Downloads
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Referências
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NOVELLAS, R.; GOPEGUI, R. R.; ESPADA, Y. Effects of sedation with midazolam and butorphanol on resistive and pulsatility indices in healthy dogs. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, v. 48, n. 3, p. 276-280, 2007. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2007.0242.x
REIS, G. F. M.; NOGUEIRA, R. B.; SILVA, A. C. Spectral analysis of femoral artery blood flow waveforms of conscious domestic cats. J Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, v. 16, n. 12, p. 972-978, 2014. DOI: 10.1117/1098612X14529123
RIESEN, S.; SCHIMID, V.; GASCHEN, L.; BUSATO, A.; LANG, J. Doppler measurement of splanchnic blood flow during digestion in unsedated normal dogs. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound, v. 43, n. 6, p. 554-560, 2002. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2002.tb01049.x
SZATMÁRI, V.; SÓTNYI, P.; VOROS, K. Normal duplex Doppler waveforms of major abdominal blood vessels in dogs: a review. Veterinary Radiology Ultrasound, v. 42, n. 2, p. 93-107, 2001. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00911.x
VAN DER WOUDE, H.; VANDERSCHUEREN, G. Ultrasound in musculoeskeletal tumors with emphasis on its role in tumor follow-up. Radiologic Clinics of North America, v. 37, n. 4, p.753-766, 1999. DOI: 10.1016/S0033-8389(05)70127-5
BIERMANN, K.; HUNGERBUHLER, S.; MISCHKE, R.; KASTNER, S. B. R. Sedative, cardiovascular, hematologic and biochemical effects of four different drug combinations administered intramuscularly in cats. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, v. 39, n. 2, p. 137-150, 2012. DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00699.x
BRUET, V.; BRUNE, J.; PASTOR, A.; IMPARATO, L.; ROUSSEL, A.; BOURDEAU, P.; DESFONTIS, J. C. Gastrointestinal hemodynamics in dogs with nonfood induced atopic dermatites. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v. 27, n. 3, p. 451-455, 2013. DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12072
CARVALHO, C. F.; ADDAD, C. A. Modos de processamento de imagem Doppler. In: CARVALHO, C. F. Ultrassonografia Doppler em pequenos animais. São Paulo: Rocca, 2009. p. 7-14.
CARVALHO, C. F.; CERRI, G. G.; CHAMMAS, M. C. Parâmetros Doppler velocimétricos das artérias renais e da aorta abdominal em gatos da raça Persa. Ciência Rural, v. 39, n. 4, p. 1105-1110, 2009. DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782009005000095
CARVALHO, C. F.; CHAMMAS, M. C.; CERRI, G. G. Morfologia dupplex Doppler dos principais vasos sanguíneos abdominais em pequenos animais. Ciência Rural, v. 38, n. 3, p. 880-888, 2008. doi: 10.1590/S0103-84782008000300048
CARVALHO, C. F.; TANNOUZ, V. G. Principais aplicações do ultrassom Doppler em medicina interna. In: CARVALHO, C. F. Ultrassonografia Doppler em pequenos animais. São Paulo: Rocca, 2009. p. 31-71.
CHANG, Y. J.; CHAN, I P.; CHENG, F. P.; WANG, W. S.; LIU, P. C.; LIN, S. L. Relationship between age, plasma renin activity, and renal resistive index in dogs. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, v. 51, n. 3, p. 335-337. 2010. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2010.01669.x
EVANS, H. E.; DELAHUNTA, A. The abdomen, pelvis, and pelvic limb. In: DELAHUNTA, A. Guia para a dissecção do cão. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2010. p. 137-207.
GASCHEN, L.; KIRCHER, P. Two-Dimensional grayscale ultrasound and spectral Doppler waveform evaluation of dogs with chronic enteropaties. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice, v. 22, n. 3, p. 122-127, 2007. DOI: 10.1053/j.ctsap.2007.05.006
GASCHEN, L.; KIRCHER, P.; LANG, J.; GASCHEN, F.; ALLENSPACH, K.; GRONE, A. Pattern recognition and feature extration of canine celiac and cranial mesenteric arterial waveforms: normal versus chronic enteropathy - a pilot study. Veterinary Journal, v. 169, n. 2, p. 242-250, 2005. DOI: 10.1016/jtvjl.2004.01.028
JARRETA, G. B.; PAIVA, C. A.; DADA, N. L.; WILLIAMS, J. Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of the external iliac and femoral arteries in dogs and cats. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, v. 51, n. 2, p. 191, 2010. doi: 10.1111/j1740-8261.2009.01650.x
KIRSCHER, P.; LANG, J.; BLUM, J.; GASCHEN, F.; DOHERR, M.; SIEBER, C.; GASCHEN, L. Influence of food composition on splanchnic blood flow during digestion in unsedated normal dogs: a Doppler study. Veterinary Journal., v. 166, n. 3, p. 265-272, 2003. DOI: 10.1016/S1090-0233(03)00049-2
KOMA, L. M.; KIRBERGUER, R. M.; SCHOLTZ, L.; VAN DER BERG, P. B. Influence of normovolemic anemia on Doppler-derived blood velocity ratios of abdominal splanchnic vessels in clinically normal dogs. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, v. 46, n. 5, p. 427-433, 2005. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2005.00078.x
LAFORCADE, A. Diseases associated with thrombosis. Topics in Companion Animal Medicine, v. 27, n. 2, p. 59-64, 2012. DOI: 10.1053/j.tcam.2012.07.002
MINO, N.; ESPINO, L.; BARREIRO, A. Effects of medetomidine on Doppler variables of major abdominal arteries in normal dogs. Veterinary Research Communications, v. 32, n. 3, p. 175-186, 2008. DOI: 10.1007/s11259-007-9020-z
NOVELLAS, R.; GOPEGUI, R. R.; ESPADA, Y. Effects of sedation with midazolam and butorphanol on resistive and pulsatility indices in healthy dogs. Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, v. 48, n. 3, p. 276-280, 2007. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2007.0242.x
REIS, G. F. M.; NOGUEIRA, R. B.; SILVA, A. C. Spectral analysis of femoral artery blood flow waveforms of conscious domestic cats. J Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, v. 16, n. 12, p. 972-978, 2014. DOI: 10.1117/1098612X14529123
RIESEN, S.; SCHIMID, V.; GASCHEN, L.; BUSATO, A.; LANG, J. Doppler measurement of splanchnic blood flow during digestion in unsedated normal dogs. Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound, v. 43, n. 6, p. 554-560, 2002. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2002.tb01049.x
SZATMÁRI, V.; SÓTNYI, P.; VOROS, K. Normal duplex Doppler waveforms of major abdominal blood vessels in dogs: a review. Veterinary Radiology Ultrasound, v. 42, n. 2, p. 93-107, 2001. DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2001.tb00911.x
VAN DER WOUDE, H.; VANDERSCHUEREN, G. Ultrasound in musculoeskeletal tumors with emphasis on its role in tumor follow-up. Radiologic Clinics of North America, v. 37, n. 4, p.753-766, 1999. DOI: 10.1016/S0033-8389(05)70127-5
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Publicado
2019-10-16
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Mello, F. P. da S., Torres, V. N., Cunha, R. F. da, Meirelles, T., Mottin, T. da S., Gouvêa, A. S., … Mello, J. R. B. de. (2019). Sedation effect of midazolam, ketamine, and butorphanol on spectral Doppler ultrasound values in femoral and large abdominal arteries in cats. Semina: Ciências Agrárias, 40(6Supl3), 3493–3500. https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6Supl3p3493
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